Ngokuvamile, uyakwazi ukuzwa umbuzo zazo amaplanethi eyaziwa - kekulu khulu. Planet sonozungezilanga kanye isisindo ngobukhulu - kuyinto Jupiter. Nokho, kwabantu ke zingaphansi namaplanethi amaningi. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuminyana Zomhlaba kane. Leli qiniso ukuvumele ososayensi ukuphetha ngokuthi i-Jupiter bahlanganisa ikakhulu igesi, ayinayo core okuqinile. Futhi i-Jupiter - iyona enkulu kunazo zonke iplanethi nesimiso sikanozungezilanga ku engxenyeni engaba, futhi ngokufanayo, inani ebusweni kanye nezinye izici ezihambisana nge ubukhulu.
Uma uvula emncintiswaneni Usayizi iplanethi, atholakala kwezinye izinhlelo lezinkanyezi, okubizwa ngokuthi "exoplanets" lokho bekuyoba Jupiter - lokhu akulona irekhodi umnikazi. Ngokwesibonelo, ezikhathini Tres-4 iplanethi 1.4 kunenani elikhulu iplanethi zesimiso sonozungezilanga. Ngokusho izibalo, ifu igesi kufanele okungenani 15 izikhathi ezingaphezu kuya ngaphakathi waqala zenuzi ukuphendula kwezwi. Ukuba khona kwalesi nqubo izinkanyezi ezahlukene namaplanethi.
New izindlela observation ukuvumela akhona ukuvula zonke amaplanethi amasha futhi entsha emhlabeni nezinye izinkanyezi. Ezenye lokuzuziwe mashumi eminyaka baye babonisa ukuthi isimiso sonozungezilanga - eyodwa nje amasistimu eziningi kwamaplanethi. Lezizifundo Uxhumanise osekukade kuyithemba lesintu esikholwayo ukuthola amanye imihlaba sikulungele ukuba kuphilwe kuso. I exoplanet lokuqala esatholakala ngo-1992, futhi manje laziwa amakhulu exoplanets. exoplanets eyaziwa kakhulu okwamanje - inkulu usayizi Jupiter noma abe ngaphezudlwana kwayo.
Amaplanethi azungeza ezinkanyezini ezikude, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola, ngoba bungakhiphi bebodwa ukukhanya basondelene kakhulu inkanyezi emaphakathi kohlelo okuhambisanayo. Ukugwema kwalobu bunzima, izazi zesayensi zisebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene ezikuvumela wasithatha imiphumela ezicashile, okubonisa khona iplanethi ezungeza inkanyezi ethile. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu okuthola amaplanethi azungeza ezinkanyezini ezikude kungabonakali - la mazwi ukushintshashintsha kwezwi we velocity osabalalayo. Le ndlela isekelwe eqinisweni ukuthi iplanethi kunomphumela ngomzuzu ukunyakaza izinkanyezi, okungase sabanjwa ngokusebenzisa izibalo ezinembile kakhulu Spectral. Le ndlela cishe kunazo ukuthola amaplanethi okukhulu kakhulu ukuthi sekuseduze kakhulu ukuba inkanyezi. Amathuba ukuthi lezi imihlaba Lizohlalwa, zimbalwa futhi ziyantula. Amathuba eliphakeme lokuthola ukuphila kwamanye amaplanethi ku amaplanethi Earth-like azungeza e ibhande ingashintshwa yokwakha kanye nokugcina yokuphila.
Ngeshwa, ukuthola amaplanethi kuyinto nobunzima kwamandla izibonakude phansi ezisekelwe. Kuze kube yimanje, ke uhlela ukwethula izibonakude azungeza, nozwela ngalo kwanele ukuba bagcine exoplanets Earth-like.
Omunye zokubuka esemkhathini ezifana "Kepler" kungathola usayizi ekzoplanety ufana umhlaba ngisho kancane. Ngokwesibonelo, iplanethi Kepler-37b, ezitholakala ohlelweni e umlaza Lyra, ubukhulu ifaniswa nezimbewu Moon. Kuyinto ngokuphelele elingenalo umkhathi red-hot okushisa amakhulu amathuba ukuthi ukuphila, hhayi enkulu. Planet sonozungezilanga, ezifanayo izici kule exoplanet - Mercury. Kodwa iqiniso lokuthi Kepler-37b nakanjani oluqinile - a qiniso elimangalisayo futhi ekhuthazayo.