Froyanov mlando Igor Y .: biography, imisebenzi yesayensi futhi amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Froyanov Igor Yakovlevich uyisazi-mlando esaziwayo, umbhali kanye isibalo somphakathi. Waphila ukuphila ezithakazelisayo futhi engenakulibaleka, wanikezela ngokuphelele umsebenzi wakhe. Wabhala eziningi imisebenzi, okuyizinto athandwa kakhulu phesheya.

kweminyaka engu

Froyanov Igor Yakovlevich wazalwa ehlobo lika-1936. Uyise wayengumGreki le Kuban Cossacks futhi iRed Army Major (becindezela ngo-1937). Lapho esemusha, wabekwa icala imisebenzi counterrevolutionary wagwetshelwa ukufa, okuyinto salandelwa eyishumi yomsebenzi lapho emakamu okufukuzwa kuwo. Ngo-1957, uJacob Froyanov ukuthi avuselelwe. Wanquma angabuyeli umndeni ngenxa yezizathu siqu, ngakho Igor Yakovlevich alimazanga umzali wakhe wesibili: ayekhuliswa umama ongayedwa.

umsebenzi

Kusukela ngo-1955, Igor Y. inkonzo yezempi Waboshwa iminyaka emithathu. Ngemva kwalokho, wanquma ukungena laseStavropol Pedagogical Institute e uMnyango Umlando. Eyunivesithi kumphathi wakhe kwaba uSolwazi Romanovsky. Isifundo yanikwa kalula, ngoba into ngokwayo kwakunjani. Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu Igor enquma ukuya iziqu esikoleni e inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, wayefuna ungene iqembu UProfesa u-Alexander Zimin, owayeyilungu Uchwepheshe eRussia ephakathi. Idlanzana izindawo khulula eqenjini nomthelela yokuthi Froyanov kwesokunxele ukwenza eLeningrad. Ngo-1963, Igor Y. langena Leningrad State University. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, wavikela ngempumelelo mqondo yakhe ngale ndaba zabantu engaphansi eRussia lasendulo. Ngo-1973, ubelokhu ekubhaleni mqondo yakhe zobudokotela ze-izici zezenhlalo nezombusazwe le Kievan Rus. Kodwa lo msebenzi alizange liphumelele njengoba kuqala. It yanyatheliswa eminyakeni emithathu kuphela kamuva, lapho iBhodi Examination evunyiwe umsebenzi. Ngo-1976 Froyanov ube udokotela wesayensi zomlando, futhi ngo-1979 wathola isihloko Uprofesa.

Eminyakeni 1982-2001 Igor Yakovlevich Froyanov kwaba yesikole Faculty of History kule nyuvesi ikhaya; 1983-2003, wasebenza njengoba inhloko yoMnyango yomlando Russian. Dean of izinsuku umsebenzi zazilukhuni kubo-mlando esithile. Izincwadi zakhe zishicilelwe isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi le nqubo welulela iminyaka. Ngemva kokuwa ukubukwa zezombusazwe yaseSoviet Union Froyanova kwakhiwa ngokuqondile: wawakhuluma ukwesekwa LamaKhomanisi.

Basic Izincwadi, ukusabela umphakathi

Ezinkondlweni zakhe ezimbili eziyisisekelo mlando ethi umbono wakhe mayelana nomlando wezepolitiki amaSoviet nasemakamu Russian ( "Okthoba nesikhombisa. Ufuna ukukhuluma ngokwamanje", "Ngena kwalasha"). Ukubukeka izincwadi emashalofini kubange resonance phakathi komphakathi, ngoba lokhu namanje okuye kwabhalwa cha. umqondo Froyanova, okuyinto ephatha izimbangela Okthoba Revolution, zisekhona izimbangi zakhe eziningi futhi abalandeli abavikela umbonwabo ngentshiseko. Abasekeli umlobi ukholwa ukuthi uyawashaya imicabango enjalo kwaholela ukuvela "antifroyanovskoy mkhankaso."

Umqondo Russia Lasendulo

Yini ebhala Froyanov Igor Yakovlevich? Le ndaba umsebenzi wakhe hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi wokuzilibazisa, ngakho yonke imizamo yakhe yokuthuthela wayehumusha Ukucwaningisisa zinsaba. Esikhathini izincwadi he bonakalisa imiphakathi kanye pre-ikilasi simiso ERussia yasendulo. Lapho amelana khona isimangalo mlando yaseSoviet yokuthuthela isigaba futhi feudalism e Kievan Rus, okubonisa ukuthi ubunikazi yangasese komhlaba selikhule ngezithukuthuku isigqila (kodwa hhayi ngezithukuthuku engaphansi izinduna). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba ayinamandla futhi ampofu. Kuvele Eqinisweni Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi incwadi yokuqala enikelwe ngale ndaba (1974), wala kwi izinsolo ezithile, kodwa kokushayisana ukucabanga umfundi. Encwadini "Kievan Rus. Tindzaba ngomlando setepolitiki "(1980) uye obala wamemezela ukuthi umphakathi ubudala Russian kwadingeka uhlamvu zangaphambi amakhosi asendulo.

umqondo I. Froyanova kusekelwe egomela ukuthi abantu eRussia lasendulo babengene khulula, base bahileleke ekuphathweni ezindaweni ezahlukene ngokusebenzisa Chamber. Imibuzo kwamandla, ukhetho ukuxoshwa izikhulu kwakungekaNkulunkulu umphakathi indawo. Isiphetho eyinhloko mlando wukuthi isimo Russian lasendulo kwamiswa ngaphambi kokuqala ekilasini division.

Ukugxekwa ukubukwa zomlando

Froyanov Igor Yakovlevich, ogama izincwadi ziye zabangela ukuphendula impikiswano omphakathi, babe naye wathola eziningi ukugxekwa okhokhelwayo. Froyanova umqondo mlando kwaba amagama amasha futhi enesihluku historiography. Yena ngimphikile imfundiso engokomthetho yaseSoviet yokuthuthela umsuka isimo. Ekuqaleni, imisebenzi yakhe umane indiva, kodwa ke yawa isiphepho ukugxeka. Ukuba isikhundla dean, Igor Y. aqhubeka ebhala izinhlamvu. Ziba kwakungenakwenzeka, ngakho ukubukwa kwabaphikisi bakhe wamphathisa eziningi amacala (angisizwanga kahle isisebenzi umbhalo elidala Russian, sokuhamba kusukela "indlela esemthethweni" of Marxism ukuziba). Ngenxa yalokhu siphepho incwadi wesithathu imibhikisho ngale ndaba yanyatheliswa kuphela ngo-1990. Phakathi baxgeki ardent yesazi-mlando kungenzeka kuqashelwe S. Tikhvin, B. Rybakov, V. Pashuto, Y. Limonov.

Ukugxekwa nokuhileleka kwezombusazwe

Froyanov Igor Yakovlevich, ogama biography wayegcwele ukugxeka, kwadala impikiswano efanayo ngenxa imibono yabo yezombusazwe. Ngo-2001, ososayensi 137 baye banyathelisa dokhumenti, okuyinto funda ukuthi Froyanova umsebenzi eMnyangweni kwaholela inhlekelele enkulu. ukunakekelwa okukhethekile sakhokhwa yokuthi Igor Yakovlevich Froyanov azigcina amandla ayo, ezibheka abasebenzi, yena perechat. Ngo-2003, wadedelwa kusuka kokuthunyelwe ka kwenhloko yomnyango yomlando. It is eyaziwa ukuthi ikomidi mqondo ngaphansi kwesandla sakhe waba kwavala (amavoti 60 asekelwe isinqumo ezokuphathwa amavoti 37 yayiphambana futhi 8 - babezithiba). UProfesa esesola engayodwa ephelele Faculty, okuyinto kuhilelani ngokugxila ngokokusebenza kwamandla akhe. umbhalo ikheli kwadingeka eyodwa ngaphezulu lokhu zingenakubekwa cala esinzima ukuthi Ukufundisa nokufundwa Igor Froyanova zigutshuzelwe ze yezombusazwe abanolaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo UProfesa Florina M. wathi kukhona noshushiso okucacile usosayensi, futhi i-Union of Abalobi Russia ukuvusela ekuphathweni inyuvesi nge isicelo sokushintsha isinqumo yokuxoshwa kusuka kokuthunyelwe ka Igor Jakovljevic ikhanda. Zazithi mlando ukusinda ngamabomu ngokuhlanganyela "baseNtshonalanga nezihlakaniphi ovulekile."

Froyanov Igor Yakovlevich iziNyathelo

Igor Froyanov wabhala imisebenzi eminingi. Sizokwenza uhlu kuphela ayinhloko: "Kievan Rus. Tindzaba ngomlando izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho "," Kievan Rus. Tindzaba ngomlando setepolitiki "," Kievan Rus. Imidwebo ye historiography Russian "," Kievan Rus. Izici eziyinhloko ohlelweni izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho "," Okthoba nesikhombisa, "" Ekuqaleni kobuKristu eRussia "," Imfihlakalo umbhaphathizo Rus "nabanye.

samanje

Kuze kube manje, uProfesa Froyanov Igor Yakovlevich usebenza njengoba uthisha nomsebenzi oqinile zesayensi kanye nomphakathi. Ngo-2013, ngoba wasekela umbono wokuthi Repin isithombe akufanele kube igalari: kwakudingekile ukuze uthumele kulesi sikhwama jikelele. Kukholakala ukuthi ifilimu kuqinisa falsity yomlando Russian futhi ithumba nokunyundela. Nokho, Lebedev (umqondisi igalari) akazange ayisekele lokhu ezinyakazayo, esishoyo ukuthi ifilimu "Ivan Grozny ..." Uzoqhubeka the gallery.

Kufinyeta isihloko, kufanele kusho ukuthi Froyanova umsebenzi ijaji mlando kungaba onguchwepheshe. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi uzizwa kanjani imibono yakhe, ngokwanele ukufunda imisebenzi esemqoka kwi ukwakheka oda ngokomthetho eRussia lasendulo. Khona-ke uba lweli imibono Igor Jakovljevic noma wenqabe ngokuphelele umqondo wakhe. Kunoma ikuphi, ngokombono wakhe, elisekelwa amaqiniso nokuphikisana, unelungelo eligcwele khona. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukugxeka kungadalwa hhayi kuphela ukulahlwa abukhali kolwazi, kodwa futhi ukuze aphuphuthekise iqiniso ukuthi bambalwa abantu ziyaneliswa.