Imvelo kanye izimbangela nokwehlukaniswa Rus '

Izizathu nokwehlukaniswa Russia (kanye wonke amanye amazwe aseYurophu Ephakathi) kwadingeka preconditions umgomo. Lo mkhuba kwaba yi engokwemvelo ukuthuthukiswa nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana, kwezomnotho nakwezombusazwe ngasekuqaleni uthi ngowezizwe. Empeleni, kwehlukana izinduna lezazi yesimanje ngokuthi buthakathaka kuhulumeni nge oluqinisayo okucishe kufane nalokhu izigwili lesifunda kuleli lizwe. Umbusi wayesalokhu abaphezulu esigabeni sabaphathi, kodwa asikwazanga ukulawula ngokuphelele yonke indawo yakwa-isimo. Futhi kwezinye izimo Akakwazanga ngisho ukuvikela esihlalweni sakhe sobukhosi amabutho empi akhonze ngaphansi kwabo siqu noma tinhlangano tabo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama elithi ngokwayo singasetshenziswa kuphela izwe laseYurophu. Lenchazelo efanayo ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa ubheke kwamazinyo, ezifana Golden zidlamlilo noma sompristi Arabhu. Nokho, kungenzeka ukuqhathanisa okunjalo avunyelwe kuphela ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, kusukela akukho okwahlula ukukhuluma sina ngobuhlobo suzerain-ezikhonza ngaphansi emiphakathini non-European.

Izizathu nokwehlukaniswa ERussia yasendulo

Russian isimo yangeNkathi Ephakathi yayiwukuphela akuyona into ephawulekayo sihluke emazweni pan-European. Futhi lapha nalaphaya eziningi izinqubo okufanayo okwenzeka. Izizathu nokwehlukaniswa eRussia nabo walala iqiniso lokuthi akhonze e izigodi zabo siqu sasivunyelwa ukuzimela enkulu ezimaphakathi nedolobha, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, imizamo kuzo zonke izici. Stolny okuzisholo umbusi waseRussia kwaba iSikhulu Kiev, futhi akhonze yakhe - izikhulu ezihlukahlukene iyunithi (Chernihiv, naseVolyn, Suzdal nezinye). Nokho, ngesikhathi XII - XIII eminyaka ukwandisa ngokushesha ubukhulu komhlaba Holdings boyars, kanye nenani abalimi engaphansi, boyars. Ngokwemvelo lokhu wabenza qinile bancishwa zonke kunesidingo ukubambelela ukusekelwa iSikhulu Kiev. Kulokhu, ubungane isikhulu endawo kubhekwe ukuba abe wusizo kakhulu.

landscape okunjalo singeyona ingxenye encane ephelezelwa uxhumano ababuthakathaka kwezomnotho phakathi izifunda ezehlukene zezwe kanye ukungabikho Okubaluleke kakhulu futhi isidingo ubudlelwane ukuhweba. I nokwahlukana izinduna wayebuye ngenxa ubukhulu abalulekile isimo. Izwe kwakunzima kakhulu ukuba uyigcine igunya olulodwa. Phakathi nale nkathi, esakhula nomuzi uya wakhuthaza ukunwetshwa uhulumeni kanye nokunciphisa ukuncika izakhiwo kwesikhulu. Ngakho, izizathu wukwehlukana eRussia ayehlaselwa ikakhulu yobudlelwane ababuthakathaka kwezomnotho phakathi izifunda, kanye nokufuna kugunyazwe ugqozi zemvelo zamabutho yesifundazwe sokuzibusa. Isikhulu lokugcina Kiev, ababesenethonya wakwazi ukugcina umhlaba Russian ngobunye, wayeyindodana Vladimira Monomaha - Mstislav. Nokho, ngemva kokufa kwakhe, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-1132, izwe yahlukana yaba eziningana principalities cishe ezizimele.

Kiev isikhathi eside wahlala ohlonishwa kakhulu Russian izikhulu isikhungo, kodwa indima yayo wayengaselona juqu. Kanye Amathrendi eYurophu, izizathu wukwehlukana Rus 'futhi kakhulu ubunjalo lesi simanga babe futhi izici kohlelo endawo ngokulandelana. Iqiniso liwukuthi eNtshonalanga kwakukhona kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi umthetho Salic, sidinga ukuthi indlalifa kungaba indodana ka-King (ngokuvamile uyena owayemdala kunabo bonke eziphilayo). Kulokhu, abazalwane abasebasha ekuhlaleni kwenkosi esihlalweni sobukhosi futhi izingane zabo amalungelo ezisemthethweni isihlalo sobukhosi sasinovulanda cha. ERussia okufanayo, ngokwemfundiso yesiko, isihlalo sobukhosi esikhulu labetibambile eyizibulo, nabafowabo abancane babe emazweni angaphandle, kodwa ngemva kokufa isikhulu Kiev wayenelungelo lokwenqaba ukuba ngimemezele izimangalo zabo sobukhosi esingenalutho. Ngemva izizukulwane ambalwa nje tangle wayedidekile, futhi isishiya izingxabano eziningi phakathi kwamalungu omkhaya, abazala, abashana nomalume Rurik lwamakhosi. Ngakho wokuzakhela wokugoqa zezombusazwe tembuso kantsi izizathu izimfanelo sobala.

Futhi ngemiphumela nokwehlukaniswa Rus '

ezweni Eastern amaSlav kule nkathi ngizile ukumela inombolo enkulu principalities ezimele. Ukuqinisa izinkantolo isinqumo wendawo kanye nemindeni yizicukuthwane wanikeza ezweni Russian Novgorod Republic, Galicia-naseVolyn futhi uVladimir-Suzdal ubukhulu, ukuvela ukuvelela eMoscow. Njengoba e lonke elaseYurophu, kwehlukana izinduna eRussia emva namakhulu eminyaka amaningana wakhala uyakhulula eyodwa futhi kamuva emandleni obukhosi.