Maximilian Voloshin. Russian imbongi kanye landscape umdwebi nomcusumbuli etemibhalo

Omunye abameleli eziphawuleka kakhulu Isiliva Ubudala kwaba onekhono yehlukene kaningi okubalwa futhi original kakhulu (yayibizwa ngokuthi ome njengeqanda kakhulu Russian ekuqaleni XX leminyaka.) Abantu - Maximilian Voloshin (1877-1932). Ubizwa organically kakhulu angena naleso sikhathi elimangalisayo izincwadi Russian, okuyinto ngakho kuhambisana amazwi imbongi Anna Akhmatova: "Isiliva ngenyanga eliqhakazile Silver Ubudala eba yiqhwa ...", nakuba Voloshin akazange kwelinye izinkomba ke evelele ngesiRashiya ubuciko.

Umuntu abanamakhono kuyinto unekhono konke

Ngo-May 1877, e Kiev, emndenini kumeluleki Collegiate (VI ekilasini isikhundla ihambelana sezempi) AM Kirienko-Voloshin no E. O. Glazer indodana. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa unina womntwana, ithathe nasimilo kwaleso sikhathi, wamshiya umyeni wakhe, ngubani washona ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, futhi ungalokothi ngaye zikhunjulwe. Little Max, yena wakhulela njengokuthanda kwawo siqu frenzy. Futhi, mhlawumbe, ukuthi kwakulungile lapho uvele Russia ngenxa abekhuliswe wesichazamazwi Maximilian Voloshin, umhumushi abaqeqeshiwe futhi abanamakhono, emangalisayo, uhlobo imbongi kanye umculi emangalisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba i umhlaziyi ezithakazelisayo etemibhalo. Futhi isiqinisekiso obekushiwo, sengathi Imvelo uqobo lwayo idale Karadag iphrofayela ye Indoda enentshebe, owagcina emangalisayo efanayo Maximilian Voloshin.

isiphetho engavamile

Futhi Isiphelo sakhe waba nenhlanhla. Lo muntu onamileyo hoaxer oyisiwula, isimiso, kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe aphila ngayo, kanjani futhi kuphi bafuna, wabhala ukuthi, Nokho wayefuna, alishicilelwanga. Futhi kamuva kuphela isitoreji izinkondlo zakhe ukuthi abantu ingashabalala benganakwa muntu. Ngisho negama lakhe ehlanganisa ezimbili Villas 2 storey balale ivulekile, amaBolshevik azikhethiwe. Futhi ekhatsi Koktebel, kuze kube nokufa kwalo Mkhululi "shaggy KaZeyusi 'e abantu ehlobo weza amakhulu abangani babangani bakhe. Bezindlu Voloshin okwakubaluleke we khulula ekhaya lasebekhulile, ekhaya lokusungula izimbongi, babhali, bahlatiyi, abaculi.

ngonyaka nakangaka

Maximilian Voloshin ukuwo zemidlalo - Theodosia futhi ezimbili eMoscow, eMoscow University (emnyangweni ngokomthetho), futhi bonke wafunda isayensi ndaba. Futhi-ke, ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, wathi iminyaka eyishumi ayichitha imfundo, hhayi ahlanganiswe ke noma imuphi umcabango, futhi yini sadlala iminyaka. Nokho, waya ezinkulumo zakhe ezithakazelisayo eSorbonne futhi waqeqeshwa amashabhu abaculi Paris.

Ngo-1900, obani m. Voloshin wathi ngonyaka ka lasungulwa, wathunyelwa kusuka eMoscow kuya Central Asia ngokubamba iqhaza umfundi izibhelu. Kukulo muzi lapho unquma ukuyisingatha azinikele kwebuciko nelitheretja, okuyinto, ngokombono wakhe, kwakudingeka 'ukuya eNtshonalanga. "

Of ukushiya - e encyclopedic

Maximilian Voloshin, ogama biography kuze 1912 uzobe ihlobene eduze Paris, uhambo kulo lonke elaseYurophu futhi wavakashela Egypt. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, umfundi dropout baba isazi - ke bazulazula lo muzi, sichitha isikhathi esiningi emitatsheni, iyavuleka like isiponji, isiko yamandulo futhi ephakathi. Wayelethwa imatasa ukuhumusha, kuvulwa French yezimbongi Russian futhi bezwe - French. izihloko yakhe ezibucayi eshicilelwe kakhulu izincwadi Russian ethandwa, futhi esikhathini ukubuya Koktebel wayesenalo kakade igama etemibhalo.

hoaxer abanamakhono

Kodwa ngo-1913, lokhu ngokuphelele indoda khulula, ogama ukubukwa zihlale azisafani ezungezile (credo kanye mama lwase isiqubulo esithi: zikhule lutho kodwa singafani nabanye) wenza izenzo ezimbili, okuholele bazoyiduba ezamenyezelwa kuye. Indaba yokuqala kwakuyicebo lokukhohlisa poetess abanamakhono Elizabeth Dmitrieva. Banyathelisa uchungechunge izinkondlo ngaphansi mbumbulu Cherubina de Gabriac. Izinkondlo kwaba ukushayelwa athandwa. Kodwa ukuchayeka sasinzima, ngenxa yalokho, sivikele ilungelo abesifazane, M. Voloshin, esingu yena duel nge Gumilev. Imizuzwana Maximilian Alexandrovich kwaba Bala UTolstoy.

Ngokuphambene nemibono yomphakathi

Indaba yesibili Voloshin bawa nabangane abaningi etemibhalo. Yena-ngenyanga ngo-February enikeza inkulumo ngesikhathi Polytechnic Museum, okuyinto nesibindi ukuveza yakhe, kuzo zonke imibono ehlukene ngezimbangela zokuziphendukela kuhlaselwa Maniac isithombe Repin "Ivan Grozny ubulala indodana yakhe." Ngo-1914 wanyathelisa incwadi ka-eseyi yakhe "ethi Faces of Art", okuyinto kwaduma kakhulu. Futhi ngo-1910, wadedelwa iqoqo lokuqala izinkondlo zakhe, izinkondlo zakhe kuze kube yileso sikhathi akazange ukushicilela yimuphi Gorky noma Ivanov.

uhlela Crimean

Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ezinsukwini zethu azange baziswa izinga iyiphi ngazinye, noma ifa okudala umculi, imbongi kanye umhlaziyi etemibhalo okuthiwa Voloshin Maksimilian. Koktebel kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa igama lakhe. Umqondo ukuzinza kule ndawo kwakungekaNkulunkulu unina. Emuva ngonyaka v1893 (Max Ngaleso sikhathi ngangineminyaka engu-16 ubudala) ke omunye wathenga lapha ezweni lokuqala ezivela olwandle, bekholelwa ukuthi umoya kuphela, imvelo kanye nomlando eminyaka ubudala eCrimea, okuyinto kwashiya izibazi amasiko amaningi kakhulu ahlukile, lisondela Maximilian wakhe olukhulu, lapho elixutshwe Bloodlines eziningi ezahlukene.

ikhaya edume

Kusukela ebuyele ezivela kwamanye amazwe, imbongi kanye umculi cishe njalo bahlala indawo yakhe, okuyinto liya ngokuya uhlobo isikhungo samasiko yokucabanga Russian. Nakuba, ngokusho amahemuhemu, sisuke nje wacabanga. Eminyakeni enzima kulwiwa endlini Maksimiliana Voloshina kwaba litheku bonke abangane bakhe, kungakhathaliseki "umbala" yabo - abomvu wabasindisa kusukela ezimhlophe nomhlophe on red. Akazange iye ekudingisweni, ngesikhathi umngani wakhe AK UTolstoy ngo-1918 (ngo-1923 wabuyela Soviet Russia) bamncenga ukuba abalekele kwelinye izwe. Voloshin akazange adikibale ezweni lenkaba yawo.

umculi Cimmeria

Nakuba ekhatsi Koktebel Voloshin zaveza okuningi - ngokuvumelana besikhathi, watercolors amabili ngosuku. Abaningi imisebenzi yakhe ephelezelwa izinkondlo amahle. Wayekhona uthando nge Cimmeria (amaGreki asendulo - "emazweni Nordic") sakhe, wabhala ngayo futhi zaveza ke. Maximilian Voloshin wabhala isithombe sakhe imijikelezo. Ezinye zazo wathatha ingxenye kulo mbukiso abaculi "World of Art". Kodwa kukhona isikhathi eside babengakujwayele ababukeli, nakuba kuba okukhethiwe kakhulu, ephelezelwa izinkondlo, kungatholakala butholakale. Egcinwe imisebenzi eminingi okuyinhloko emnyuziyamu egameni lakhe futhi Feodosia, Aivazovsky Museum.

Umgcini ifa

Maximilian Voloshin Museum endlini yakhe ekhatsi Koktebel wavula ngo-1984. ukhona ke kumele umfelokazi Maximilian Alexandrovich M. S. Voloshinoy (nee Zabolotskaya), okuyinto kuze 1976 akuyona nje babehlala mansion sangaphambili, ngokucophelela walondoloza futhi eqoqwe konke okuhlobene umyeni wakhe amthandayo. Wayazi ukuthi ngolunye usuku izakhamizi Russian bayokwazisa igalelo umculi omkhulu futhi imbongi baziswa.

Esikhathini Museum kukhona kokwethula Maksimiliana Voloshina yonyaka International Prize for the best izinkondlo izincwadi, zaphelela izinsuku zakhe kwezidingo okuthiwa Voloshin Septhemba. Wembelwa eceleni imbongi kanye umculi - eNtabeni Kuchuk Yanyshar. Ngaphansi ipuleti eyodwa oba naye nomkakhe.