Engemuva Admiral: Indaba le isihloko. Famous Russian Umkhuzi ezingemuva

yesimanje Russian ezinhlwini Iningi lempi uvele ekhulwini XVIII, lapho kumiswa ibutho lokuqala njalo. Kwenqwaba mayelana nokuthi wayeqinisile yini ukudalwa bayibutho lwahlangana kanti futhi ukuvela yokwehlayo esiqinile bezigaba lempi kungokwalabo wezinguquko enkulu - uMbusi Peter I.

Engemuva Admiral - lesi sihloko ziqine exhunywe ne umlando ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano Navy Russian. Njengoba liye lavela, yini imisebenzi ayezenza, umkhuzi wamabutho asolwandle, ethwele isikhundla kwezempi - lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni sethu.

Umlando okuvela isihloko

Ngokuvamile, Navy Russian kanye Army babengenalo ubuholi enobunye, futhi kuncike zindawo ezimbili ezahlukene. Navy wahola yokuqala Admiralty Board (XVIII leminyaka), futhi ngekhulu XIX, Ministry Naval. Imikhumbi Russian kwadingeka yayo, ezahlukene ezivela kwamanye amazwe, uhlelo bezigaba lempi.

Emazweni European, aphakeme lempi isikhundla lemikhumbi yempi uvele ekhulwini XVII, kanti eRussia ngemva kwekhulu leminyaka. Lawa kwakungamadodana: Admiral, okwathi ran amabutho eyinhloko ngoxhaxha, Vice Admiral, okuyinto oluthatha sezingeni leliphasi e sabaphathi wezempi, futhi engemuva Admiral - ephansi ka ezinhlwini ubuholi Navy. Ngokuvamile, wayala rearguard.

Lezi ziqu esikhundleni Umkhuzi ephelelwe yisikhathi (imikhumbi umkhuzi eGrisi lasendulo) kanye droungarios (inhloko yalawa imperial imikhumbi WaseByzantium).

Peter mina futhi Uhlu Amazinga

Isihloko "Umkhuzi engemuva" livela Netherlands. Peter mina, ngokuvakashela Amsterdam, hhayi kuphela wafunda indlela yokwakha imikhumbi, kodwa futhi wacosha uhlelo YaseYurophu lempi ezinhlwini asolwandle. Isiqalo contra kwakusho ukuthi impi eyayiholwa Admiral yemikhumbi, futhi engemuva Admiral wathatha isikhundla ezingemuva.

Esikhathini esithile ngekhulu XVIII isihloko lashintsha erenki Schout-bij-Nacht, kodwa ke kwaphinde wabuya.

ERussia, ngokuvumelana uPeter Omkhulu wadala etafuleni bezigaba, elisezingeni engemuva Admiral umdlalo Army uMajor General. Namuhla kuba Admiralty eyinhloko isasekhona ngamabutho eziningi zomhlaba.

Manje Navy ezingemuva Umkhuzi kungaba ayale a isigaba noma yinduna oyiphini weqembu lemikhumbi.

Ngo-USSR elisezingeni Umkhuzi ezingemuva Yaqalwa ngonyaka ka 1940.

decals

Izibonakaliso eyinhloko umehluko Admirals isikhathi eside kwaba nenani izinkinobho phezu cuffs umfaniswano wakhe.

Engemuva Admiral liphakama inkinobho eyodwa, bese konke kwaba kuyanda: Iphini Umkhuzi kwadingeka ezimbili, futhi u-Admiral - ezintathu.

Ngenxa umhlobiso, kanye kanye izimpawu umehluko babe emapheshana yemigoqo ethile eminyangweni kahulumeni anemibala ehlukene ukuthi uhambe ngokuphambeneyo iyunifomu. Igolide efekethisiwe kwi cuffs kanye collar futhi lihlukanisa phakathi isihloko izikhulu asolwandle.

Khona-ke, ngo-1807, ngesimo amabheji kwangena epaulets ngegolide izinyanda esiliva elisontiwe.

Ngemva Revolution futhi ngesikhathi kulwiwa, le timphawu kanye ukuma kokubili Army kanye Navy ukuba iye yashintsha kaningi. Amapeshi Kwasetshenziswa valve ngemivimbo futhi kwamagoda.

timphawu Modern - timphawu - kukhona phakathi nempi, ngo-1943. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wasungula igama elithi "isikhulu."

Famous Russian Umkhuzi ezingemuva

Ezivelele Russian umkhuzi wamabutho asolwandle kwaba uVladimir Ivanovich Istomin.

Phakathi neMpi YaseCrimea, wazehlukanisa e Battle of Sinop, kuyilapho iphansi kwesandla sika-edumile Admiral Nakhimov. Ukuze isibindi wathola isikhundla engemuva Admiral. Bekanye Kornilov futhi Nakhimov kwaba omunye abaholi ukuvikela osindayo Sevastopol. Phakathi Ukuvikelwa edolobheni ayizange ukushiya isikhundla ukuzivikela futhi wahlala khona isikebhe. Wabulawa ngesikhathi amabhomu, futhi ungcwatshwa Crypt nezinye abavikeli nobuqhawe edolobheni.

Kusukela Sevastopol exhunywe ne igama lomunye Umkhuzi brilliant ezingemuva - Mikhail Nikolayevich Kumani. Lesikhulu sombutho ezimpini ekumeleleni Sevastopol phakathi neMpi YaseCrimea. Wakhonza Baltic Sea, yoLwandle iCaspian kanye ePacific Ocean. Wakhushulelwa engemuva Admiral futhi ngokushesha waqokwa imeya yedolobha lakhe lokuzalwa Sevastopol. Kulesi isikhundla Kumani isikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, wakwazi ukukwenza kakhulu: yaqedwa Primorsky Boulevard, ngokusekelwe yacht club, wavula indawo abantu abakhubazekile, kabusha Cathedral of St uPetru noPawulu, yabhidlika kabana ngesikhathi ukuzivikela, yaqala ukunyathelisa iphephandaba lendawo ..

Abesifazane ku Navy

I ubulili buthaka Sekuyisikhathi eside bahileleke izimpi. Ngamabutho yesimanje amasosha esifazane - ngempela evamile. Kodwa kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi izikhundla eziphakeme banamathela ezingavamile. Ngakho-ke, it is isibonelo American Grays Hopper, ngubani lase linyuke izinga US Navy engemuva Admiral owaziwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, eneminyaka engu-sesayensi esele ku ukuthuthukisa izilimi izinhlelo. Umhlalaphansi, wathi bafaka eneminyaka engu-engu-79 futhi kwaba ngaleso sikhathi wesikhulu esiphakeme US, umkhuzi wamabutho asolwandle.

It lethiwa inani elikhulu lezinto ezingafaniko. Igama Grays Hopper kuyinto emgwaqweni, ipaki, isakhiwo. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-4 ngemva walishiya leli zwe, amanzi yehliselwa entsha missile frigate "Hopper", yaqanjwa "umusa omangalisayo." Isibonelo salokhu owesifazane emangalisayo ebonisa ukuthi amadoda hhayi kuphela ongakhonza ngempumelelo Navy futhi sifinyelele phezulu gaba kanye nenhlonipho.