Ukuvikela Sevastopol

Esikhathini 1853 impi phakathi Russia nase Turkey kwamenyezelwa. Elokuqala Novemba ngawo lowo nyaka Russia asekelwe isinyathelo iqale impi ngo-Turkey.

Ukuqala ubutha kwaba yimpumelelo ngoba ohlangothini Russian. On the iDanube Theatre yebutho Russian wacasulwa ngempumelelo ukuhlaselwa abaseTurkey, bese ewela iDanube wayivimbetela inqaba Silistra. Ngesikhathi esifanayo eCaucasus ke egqilazwe ibutho Turkish.

umbimbi eTurkey babe eFrance naseNgilandi. Lezi iinkhathi besaba nokuqinisa ithonya isiRashiya, ngakho 1 Mashi umbimbi ngibeké phambili imfuneko ukuthi amabutho Russian kwakumelwe ikhishwe principalities Danubian. Russia wenqabile, ngemva kwalokho eFrance naseNgilandi iqale impi ngo-wakhe. Umcimbi omkhulu, okuholele neMpi YaseCrimea - ekumeleleni Sevastopol - kuvela lapha.

Ngo-1854, kwaba umdlalo yemikhumbi aseBrithani oLwandle iBaltic futhi White Sea kokwehla eCrimea. Septhemba 12 izinkulungwane eziningi amasosha Anglo-French efika eCrimea amabombo Sevastopol.

amabutho Okokuqala wabhekana ngo-September 8 eduze Alma emfuleni. Lapha impi isiRashiya, ngemuva isitha izinombolo, wanqoba futhi kwadingeka ukuba ashona. Isitha wafika Sevastopol futhi ngokudlula edolobheni evela empumalanga, wathatha yisiphephelo ukhululekile. Ukuvinjezelwa kanye ukuvikela Sevastopol.

Defense Qala

Ulwela Sevastopol yayithatha izinsuku 349. Sevastopol laliwumuzi kahle enezivikelo eziqinile ezivela olwandle, ngoba kukhona kusekelwe Black Sea Fleet. Kodwa kusukela nezivikelo umhlaba cishe lapho. Ngo-1854, base basanda kuqala saphansi. Ulwela Sevastopol kwakuhlelwa Umkhuzi P. S. Nahimovym, VA Kornilov V I. Istominym.

imikhumbi Anglo-French ivinjiwe edolobheni osuka olwandle. Ukuze abaphuca indlela umkhumbi isitha sekunqunyiwe mayelana kucwila imikhumbi emikhulu eyisikhombisa. Kamuva yacwila amahlanu ngaphezulu.

Lapho ekumeleleni Sevastopol waqala, nomuzi wawungowegolide ikhanda abantu abayizinkulungwane 17. Ngo-October, iSikhulu kufika amasosha Sevastopol A. S. Menshikova. Ukuvikela muzi manje abantu abayizinkulungwane 35.

Defense Stroke

abavikeli komuzi - izinkulungwane amasosha kanye amatilosi, izakhamuzi zedolobha, abesifazane nezingane - ngikudalile 8 km izinqaba, okuyinto zakhiwa ukuvikela engxenyeni eseningizimu yaleli dolobha. Lapha ezibekwe zintaba, lunettes, redoubts, lodgements. NeMpi YaseCrimea, ekumeleleni Sevastopol izakhamuzi zaphoqeleka ukuba unike bonke abanabo: ezinqoleni, izinto amahhashi. imisebenzi Ukuqinisa abayekanga ngisho ebusuku. Okthoba 16, lomuzi lwalunezisekelo kakade 20 amabhethri kabili izikhali esindayo. Engineering Guide ukuzivikela walala uColonel EI Totleben. imingcele Land abangu evikelwe wezikhali zasolwandle kusukela imikhumbi Black Sea Fleet. Ulwela Sevastopol ngo-1854 waqhubeka.

ukushaya esisheshayo umuzi wawuyigolide disadvantageous nesitha. Ngesikhathi evimbezela Sevastopol kasithupha ngamabhomu. Juni 6 umzamo Umkhumbi party lokushaya senziwa, kodwa singashi ngempela uyanengwa abavikeli komuzi.

Ngomzamo ukubhubhisa ukuzivikela isitha Sebastopol bemba 1280 amamitha zemibukiso komhlaba lapho kukhiqizwa ukuqhuma 120. Kodwa abavikeli ka ngaphambi okubhekenwe impi okwami edolobheni: bemba 6889 amamitha zemibukiso. impi Imayini lwenziwe ngaphansi kweso A. isikhulu V Melnikova.

Umzabalazo olunegazi nebabayo yokulawula Malakoff. Agasti 27, 1855, amaFulentshi matasa isikhundla, futhi ngosuku olulandelayo, amabutho Russian kwesokunxele ohlangothini lokunene Sevastopol. Bashaya up izinqaba, wabe esekhipha ibhuloho elintantayo yonkana bay, elakhiwa ngesikhathi somkhankaso ukuze wuhlangothi olusenyakatho. Ngenxa yalokho lezi zinyathelo nabaphikisi ahlukaniswa le Sevastopol bay.

Ngo-1856, izinkulumo yayiqhutshelwa khona. Ngokwe isivumelwano sokuthula, imikhumbi-Russian e woLwandle Olumnyama, kanye izinqaba empi kwavala. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ezayo, Sevastopol ungaphakathi ukwehla.