Latecomer empini - yempi "Yamato"

amatilosi Japanese bathi emlandweni waso, abantu baye bakha izinto ezintathu ngobukhulu futhi engenamsebenzi kakhulu kanyekanye: imibhoshongo ecijile Giza, iGreat Wall kanye yempi "Yamato". Yini wathola isimo kuyindida mkhumbi wempi ngokubabazekayo, ukuziqhenya Japanese umkhakha yemikhumbi yempi Flagship lasolwandle yayo?

Umqondo yokudala

Battleship "Yamato" kwaba umkhiqizo isipiliyoni izimpi zasolwandle we kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Khona-ke, hhayi kuphela e-Japan kodwa futhi lonke izwe bakholelwa ukuthi izikhali esindayo kuphela nezikhali ka yempi ukunikeza yokudlondlobala kolwandle. On the wave ngokuphumelela Russian-Japanese War Admiralty Japan wayekholelwa ukuthi imikhumbi Japanese ukwazi ukubhekana nanoma yisiphi isitha, ngisho imidondoshiya yizimboni njenge-US. Nokho, kwaba ukugcwaliseka ukuthi umkhakha yalesi siqhingi abasoze bakwazi ukuncintisana US futhi ke ukuphakama zezinombolo ngokusobala aliwona esivuna Imperial Navy. Ukuze iwukudambisa ukuphakama kwamanani ka isitha, kwanqunywa ukuba ugxile bokuphakama qualitative. Ngokusho Japanese bezempi komkhawulokudonsa amakhono ka iPanama Canal kungagcini displacement lwemikhumbi edabula ke. Ngakho, lo yempi US asikwazanga abe displacement engaphezu kwengu-63 000 wamathani, ngesilinganiso engaphezu kwengu-23 ifindo nezikhali ezinamandla kakhulu ubengase aqukethe izibhamu eziyishumi esingeqile 406 mm. Ekholelwa ukuthi ngesikhathi alinganayo izindleko kwenyuswa tonnage emkhunjini ngeke ukwandisa amandla ayo ukulwa, futhi ngaleyo ndlela isinxephezelo bokuphakama zezinombolo lesitha, amaJapane sahlela superlinkorov chungechunge, inhloko eyayizoba yempi "Yamato".

izinhlelo ezinkulu

Ukwakhiwa yempi entsha Kwakudingeka baqale kungakapheli 1936. Sekukonke, uchungechunge lokuqala kuhlelwe imikhumbi eziyisikhombisa, ayehlome ayisishiyagalolunye 460 mm izibhamu ne zempi uyakwazi withstanding 406 mm igobolondo hit kusuka ibanga 20 km kanye nesivinini Cruising ezingaphezu kuka-30 ifindo. Ngu 1941, kwakuhlelwe ukuze uthumele imikhumbi yabo. Lokhu kwalandelwa ukwakhiwa lwemidondoshiya ezine ngaphezulu, kodwa bephethe izibhamu 20-intshi (~ 508 mm). Babefanele emgqeni ngo-1946, futhi kuze kube 1951 eyakhelwe ngaphambilini yempi ibe ithuluzi elisha elinamandla. I kohlelo, ngokusho kongoti Japanese, ikuvumela ukuba ugcine okungenani silinganiso nge US Navy elwandle eliKhulu iPacific. Kodwa iqiniso sabekwa ngemikhumbi emine kuphela yochungechunge, futhi lakhiwa emibili kuphela - yempi "Yamato" kanye yempi "Musashi", umzimba sidle yesithathu izindiza yenethiwekhi iguqulwe ibe "Shinano", kanti owesine akuyona behlakaniphe igama. Bobabili imikhumbi safinyelela seyisebenza ngokugcwele by 1942.

lokulwa umsebenzi

Lapho yempi "Yamato" isibe iwuhlelo we-Imperial Navy, empini zasePacific, isivele ifinyelele Selilonke. Futhi bonke ukunqoba kwakhe ezinkulu ngoxhaxha Japanese safinyelela ngenxa zezindiza oluhle ngemikhumbi yempi, futhi hhayi nokudutshulwa yempi iza kukholamu wake. Superlinkoram umane akunandawo impi entsha, futhi isiphetho sabo kusobala edabukisayo. Njengoba iqhaza eziningana imisebenzi ukulwa imikhumbi, "Yamato" (Battleship) ungalokothi wakwazi ukubonisa izimfanelo zakhe futhi indlunkulu cishe kuphela dorogushchim elintantayo.

Ukufa yempi "Yamato"

April 7, 1945 umkhumbi wasuka umkhankaso wakhe wokugcina. Wahlaselwa izindiza 200 futhi amaMelika ngesikhathi impi eyadonsa amahora amabili wayethola 12 amabhomu esindayo futhi cishe eyishumi izindiza torpedoes. Khona-ke wacwila 2498 amatilosi kwamasosha umkhuzi wawo.