I-Central Bank: imisebenzi, indima, incazelo

Ibhange eliyinhloko liyisixhumanisi esibaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwebhange kanye nabaphathi balo kunoma yiliphi izwe. Imisebenzi yalesi sikhungo ihlukile futhi iyathakazelisa kakhulu, ngoba izinkinga azisebenzisayo namanga ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zomnotho wezwe. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwemali kazwelonke ngaphakathi ezweni nokugcina izinga lokushintshanisa emakethe angaphandle.

Ezimweni eziningi, umzimba wezezimali awuthumele ngqo kuhulumeni. Ngokuvamile ngokomthetho, umnini wendawo yebhange ungumzimba wombuso, kodwa ngokuvamile abanikazi bamasheya bangabantu abazimele. Imisebenzi esemqoka yebhange eliphakathi lelizwe libaluleke kakhulu futhi lifanayo cishe cishe wonke amazwe:

• Okokuqala, iBhange Elikhulu likhishwa ngamanothi asebhange asebenza ezweni, okungukuthi, ukukhuluma ngokushelela, ukushintsha imali;
• Okwesibili, lisebenza njenge "ibhange lamabhange", likhonza izidingo zezikhungo zezezimali zezokuhweba futhi libheke ukuzinza kwesistimu yonke, ukugcina ukulondolozwa kwemithombo yokugcina;
• Okwesithathu, likhonza njengomqhubi wenqubomgomo yemali kanye nenkokhelo yombuso, ngokuphathelene nokuthi isebenza kanjani ekusebenziseni izinyathelo eziningi.

Ngakho-ke, yilokho noma yiliphi ibhange eliphakathi elisebenzayo ngokujwayelekile. Imisebenzi ayisebenzisayo mayelana nokuziphatha kwemigomo yemali kanye nenkokhelo nayo iyafaneleka ukunakekelwa futhi inesithakazelo, ivumelana nobudlelwano bayo namabhange ezentengiselwano. I-Central Bank ilawula ukukhuphuka kwemali kanye nenani lokushintshanisa lwemali kazwelonke, futhi lenza lokhu ngosizo lwezinsimbi ezintathu zezimali:

1. Ukuphathwa kwemali. Imali eningi ngokweqile iyanciphisa isidingo kubo futhi inciphisa izindleko zabo. Ngenxa yalokho, imali emakethe yangaphandle ishibhile, futhi izinga lokukhuphuka kwemali lihamba ngokushesha. Ithuluzi elinamandla elimaza kakhulu izinqubo emnothweni wemakethe.
2. Ukuphathwa kwezinga lesithakazelo esisezingeni kanye nenani lezinqolobane eziphoqelekile. Ngokunciphisa nokwandisa lezi zinkomba, iBhange Elikhulu lilawula futhi "intengo" yemali futhi lilawula ukusebenza kwe-banking system, ngokuthinta ukuthengwa nokufunwa ezimakethe zemali nezokuthengwa.
3. Ukungenelela kwemali. Ithuluzi elisetshenziswe kakhulu, elinomthelela obalulekile kakhulu ekukhuleni kwamandla emali, kodwa kusiza ukulawula izinga lokushintshanisa lwemali kazwelonke. Ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa imali noma imali yesizwe ezimakethe ezivulekile, iBhange Elikhulu lingathonya umthamo walo emnothweni futhi ngenxa yalokho, intengo yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angakwazi ukubhekana nokuthengwa nokudayiswa kwezimpahla ezikhishwe nguhulumeni.

Ibhange eliphakathi, okuyinto imisebenzi yalo, ngokuya kwezwe, ingaba yinkimbinkimbi noma ebanzi, yebo, iyisici esibalulekile esimisweni sikahulumeni sezimali nezezikweletu . Ngaphandle kwamabhange ajwayelekile, ubolekisa uhulumeni, abhekane nokubolekwa kwemali yasekhaya kanye nokuthengisa izibopho zikahulumeni ezikhishwe uMnyango Wezezimali noma umzimba ofanayo. Imisebenzi yeBhange Elikhulu, futhi mhlawumbe nakwamanye amazwe, ayipheli lapho. Iningi leBhange eliPhakathi liqoqa futhi lishicilele imininingwane yezibalo ezinkomba zezomnotho, ukusungulwa kwezingcaphuno zemali ezisemthethweni kanye neminye imisebenzi eyengeziwe.

Esikhathini sohlelo lwezomnotho kwanoma yiliphi izwe, kunzima ukuthola igunya elibhekene nezinto ezibalulekile njengebhange eliphakathi. Imisebenzi ayenzayo, nemisebenzi ayiphathayo, ibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngaphandle kwabo, mhlawumbe, emnothweni wemakethe umbuso awukwazi nje ukukhona.