Hlala ukulala, Bogatyr! Ukuhlaziywa kwezindaba zikaSaltykov-Shchedrin

Inhlobo enjengaleyo inganekwane ijwayele wonke umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni. Njengoba sikhula ngokwedlulele, siqala ukuqonda ukuthi izikhathi eziningi kulezi zindaba zemilingo azikwazi ukungaqondakali ngendlela esicabanga ngayo ebusheni bethu. Iningi lezinganekwane, ikakhulukazi umbhali, hhayi amathekisthi abantu, babe nengqondo ecacile. Ababhali bevame ukuphendukela kuloluhlobo ukuze bakwazi ukuveza izethameli imicabango nemibono ukuthi, ngokuchazwa ngokucacile, kungase kubonakale kuhlambalaza. Isibonelo salunye lwalezi zenzo yizindaba zeSaltykov-Shchedrin "Bogatyr", ebhalwe ngo-1886. Njengeminye imisebenzi yakhe, lokhu kuqondiswa kubantwana "beminyaka yobuhle" - ngamanye amazwi, abantu abadala bazofika enhliziyweni yendaba. Ngisho nokuhlaziywa ngokweqile kwe-Saltykov-Shchedrin inganekwane kusivumela ukuba siqonde ukuthi ngaphansi koqweqwe oluphezulu "oludumile-abantu", incazelo ejulile nangokwengeziwe yombhali ifihliwe. Umlobi ngendlela ekhethekile, kunokuba acindezeleke futhi ngobuqili, wayehleka usulu izenzo ezimbi zomphakathi ngaleso sikhathi kanye nokungaphumeleli kwayo.

Ngaphambi kokuhlaziya indaba kaSaltykov-Shchedrin, kudingeke ukuba sikhumbule ukuthi umbhali wayehlala futhi wasebenza eRussia ngekhulu le-19, wavela emndenini ohloniphekile wezikhulu. UMikhail Evgrafovich uSalkovkov-Shchedrin (1826-1889) isikhathi eside ebhala ngokubambisana nensizakalo kahulumeni, esebenza njengesikhulu. Kamuva, wayengumhleli owaziwayo futhi owayengummeli wezincwadi ezihlukahlukene.

Yona kanye umsebenzi "Bogatyr" inomsindo omncane. Ngakho-ke, kungase kubonakale ukuthi ukuhlaziya indaba kaSaltykov-Shchedrin kuyoba umsebenzi olula. Kodwa, njengeminye imisebenzi yomlobi, lokhu akulula nakancane. Ngaphandle kungumlando ngomuntu onamandla olele impilo yakhe yonke emgodini, esikhundleni sokuvikela abantu bakhe ekubhubhiseni kwabantu bezinye izizwe. Kodwa ngaphansi kwesimo seB Bogatyr, owesaba wonke umuntu esifundeni nge-snoring yakhe, omunye umqondo obanjwe umlobi ubonakala. Lapha, ukubonakala okuncane kwesigaba esilawulayo kubonakala, ukungafani phakathi kwezenzo zobuholi kanye nokulindela nezidingo zabantu abavamile.

Njengoba iqalile ukuhlaziywa kwenganekwane kaSaltykov-Shchedrin, umfundi wokuqala kokuqala ubona ukuthi ukufana kwangaphandle nabantu abahlanjwe yi-byliny kunkulu kakhulu. Lapha sizohlangana neziqhwaga ezijwayele inganekwane - uBabu Yaga nendodana yakhe - uBotatyr, umnikazi we-silice ehloniphekile, izinkuni ze-oak ze-crusher yehlathi. Siyaqaphela izisusa zomuntu ezaziwayo, umoya nomlomo we-Russian Old. Ukuqashelwa nakho kuyinkomba kanye nezenzo ze "ezakhe", abesaba ngisho nokuqabula amaqhawe, kodwa kuphela ukuyivikela nokuthembela. Kuyaqondakala futhi "izitha", ezizwakala zihlaselwa phansi, futhi omakhelwane abaphangi iminyaka eyinkulungwane abazange balinde, kuyilapho lo mvikeli elele. Ezweni elihle kakhulu, ngenkathi uBotatyr elele, "uqobo" ngokwabo behlukunyezwa kangangokuthi ngeke "baphuphe". Lapho ibutho lezitha lihlasele izwe lapho u-strongman ehlala khona ekuphumuleni okungenalutho, kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe, futhi izinyoka zadla isidumbu sakhe emgodini lapho ayelele khona. Amathemba abantu ngokumelene hero engaziwa azimise. Akekho oyosindisa abantu abavamile kusuka kubahlaseli, njengoba bengathembeli kubalandeli bezinganekwane.

Ngakho-ke, ngisho nokuhlaziywa ngokweqile kwezindaba ezithi "The Bogatyr" nguSaltykov-Shchedrin ubonisa isimo sengqondo somlobi esimweni esasiyi-Russia ngaleso sikhathi. Isimo esichazwe enkulumweni sibonisa lo mbono: ukuthembela ezithembisweni eziphezulu zokuzivikela eziphezulu, abantu bazakhohlisa. Akusivikelo, kodwa ukuphanga kubamba kuphela umkhakha ophezulu womphakathi kubantu abavamile. Futhi ulibolile, empandeni. Futhi awukwazi ukuyikhohlwa ngakho, ngakho-ke ezinsukwini zenhlekelele awukwazi ukulungele noma ukubuthakathaka ngababusi bakho.

Ezinsukwini zokucwaninga okukhulu, okwenza noma yikuphi umsebenzi okufanele udluliselwe ukuze ushicilelwe, lezi zindaba zibonakala zikhudlwana kunezitatimende ezingapheliyo zengqapheli zanamuhla ezigxeka iziphathimandla zamanje. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bezibuza ukuthi ukusebenza kukaSaltykov-Shchedrin yini kulahlekile namuhla, siyokwazi yini ukunikeza impendulo enhle, ngaphandle kokukhohlisa umphefumulo?