Hlela "Dropshot": ukuthi i-US yayifuna ukubhubhisa i-USSR

Eminyakeni elandela ukuphela kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, ubudlelwane phakathi kwababengumlingani ekulwa nokubuswa kwe-fascism kuye kwancipha kakhulu ngenxa yokuphikisana okuningi kwezomqondo. Ngo-1949, lo mbango wawunzima kakhulu kangangokuthi umyalo wamabutho aseMelika ahlomile wakha uhlelo lokuhlasela lwe-USSR olunikezwa ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali zenuzi.

Ukungqubuzana kwama-allies izolo

Lezi zintuthuko, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-Dropshot plan, ziwumphumela wempi ebandayo phakathi kweSoviet Union kanye nezwe lezwe-capitalist. Ukuphikiswa kwakuyizindlela eziningi ezicasula imizamo ebonakalayo ye-USSR yokwandisa ithonya layo kuyo yonke indawo yaseNtshonalanga Yurophu.

Uhlelo lokubhujiswa kwe-USSR lwaqala ukuthuthukiswa ekupheleni kuka-1945, lapho ubuholi baseSoviet besabela ngenqaba ukucela umphakathi womhlaba ukuba uhoxise amasosha ayo okusebenza ezweni lase-Iran futhi wamisa uhulumeni wezintambo lapho. Ngemva kokucindezelwa okuvela e-United States nase-Great Britain, uStalin wakhulula izindawo ezazithathwe ngaphambili, isongo sokuhlasela amabutho aseSoviet eTurkey.

Ukungqubuzana kwabangelwa yizindawo zaseTranscaucasia, ezayingxenye yoMbuso WaseRussia ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kodwa ngo-1921 bahamba baya eTurkey. Ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti 1946, emva kokushiwo kuhulumeni waseTurkey ngabameleli boMnyango Wezezizwe WaseSoviet, ukuqubuka kwempi kwakubonakala kungenakugwemeka, futhi ukungenelela kwamanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga kwavimbela ukuchithwa kwegazi.

Ukungqubuzana kwezombusazwe phakathi kwekamu lezenhlalo kanye nabamelene neNtshonalanga kwakunzima kakhulu ngemva kwemizamo kaMoscow yokumisa ngo-1948-1949. Ukuvinjelwa kweWest Berlin. Lesi silinganiso, esiphikisana nemikhuba yamazwe omhlaba jikelele esamukelwe, senzelwe ukuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kweJalimane nokuqinisekisa ukulawula kukaStalin phezu kwendawo yayo yonke.

Izimbangela zokwesaba kwezwe laseNtshonalanga

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imibuso ye-pro-Soviet yasungulwa ensimini yeMpumalanga Yurophu. Kwaphela ngo-1955 ngokusayinwa kwePikamenti yeWarsaw, nokudala ibutho lempi elinamandla elibhekiswe emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ngaleso sikhathi okwakubhekene nokuqinisa ukunyakaza okunamandla kwamaKommistani.

Wonke la maqiniso aphakamisa ukwesaba phakathi kwabaholi bamazwe amaningana iSoviet Union, enamandla okwanele ezempi, izama ukuzama ukunqotshwa okungalindelekile nokukhulu kwezwe laseNtshonalanga Yurophu. Kulesi simo, yi-United States kuphela, ngaleso sikhathi eyayinezikhali zenuzi, ingaba yinto enamandla. Ukwesaba okunjalo kwakha uhlelo lwe "Dropshot" olwakhiwa ochwepheshe bezempi base-US.

Imiqondo yokuqala eyayiqalile inkambo yempi ekhona ne-USSR

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlelo lwe-nyukliya lonyaka we-1949 lwe-USSR (Dropshot) aluyena owokuqala phakathi kwamaphrojekthi anjalo. Ngo-1945, ngenkathi ingxabano yase-Iranian iba nzima kakhulu, abasebenzi baka-Eisenhower bahlakulela umqondo wempi ekhona neSoviet Union, eya phansi emlandweni ngaphansi kwegama lekhodi. Eminyakeni emine kamuva, ukuvinjelwa kweWest Berlin kwakushukumisela ukudala elinye icebo lokulwa nokuhlukunyezwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-Charioteer, okuyinto, njengalokhu eyandulele, yahlala ephepheni.

Futhi, ekugcineni, ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu kunawo wonke, okulindeleke ukuthi kwenziwe uhlelo olubi kakhulu lwe-"Dropshot", kwakuyimemorandamu eyakhiwe nguMkhandlu wezokuPhepha ngaphansi komongameli we-US, owamisa imisebenzi ebhekene nohulumeni nezikhali ezilwa ne-USSR.

Izinhlinzeko eziyinhloko zememorandamu

Le dokhumenti yayihlose ukuhlukaniswa kwayo yonke imisebenzi ezayo ibe ngamaqembu amabili - ukuthula nokulwa. Isigaba sokuqala sasihlanganisa izinyathelo ezivimbela ukucindezelwa kwemibono yeSoviet Union, okwakwenza ngokumelene namazwe omphakathi wezenhlalakahle. Ingxenye yesibili yememorandamu yabheka izindlela ezingenzeka zokushintsha uhlelo lwezepolitiki kulo lonke i-USSR nokushintsha uhulumeni.

Naphezu kokuthi umqondo oyisisekelo ochazwe kuwo awuzange usho ukuthi umsebenzi omude wezwe kanye nokugxilwa kokuphoqeleka kwemigomo yentando yeningi kuwo, wawufezekisa imigomo efinyelele kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo kwakunciphisa amandla angasempi we-USSR, ukusungulwa kokuthembela kwezomnotho ezweni laseNtshonalanga, ukususwa kweSikhwama seSimpe nokunikezela kokuzimela kubantu abancane abayingxenye yabo.

Izinjongo zabadali bezinhlelo zempi

Le memorandamu yaba yisisekelo esiyisisekelo sezinhlelo eziningi ezilandelayo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-United States. Uhlelo "Dropshot" lufakwe kwinombolo yabo. Abadali bemiklamo babona indlela yokufeza imigomo yabo ekufezeni amabhomu amaningi enuzi ye-Soviet Union. Umphumela wabo kwakuwukwehlisa amandla emnothweni wezwe futhi kudala izinto ezidingekayo ukuze kuvele ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo phakathi kwabantu.

Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwalabo abathuthukisi babengaqondakali abajwayele ukucwaninga kwengqondo yabantu baseSoviet futhi bathi ukuqhuma kwamabhomu kungase kubangele ukuba bahlangane eduze kweqembu lamaKhomanisi kanye nohulumeni. Ithuba lokuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zahlulelo zilungile kangakanani, ngenhlanhla, azange zenziwe.

Uhlelo olubi kakhulu lokubhujiswa kweSoviet Union

Ngo-December 1949, umyalo we-US Army Forces wavuma lokho okuthiwa "i-Dropshot". Njengombana i-US ifuna ukubhubhisa i-USSR, itjengiswe kuyo ngokukhululekile. Abadali balo baqala ngokuthi abaholi bezombangazwe beSoviet Union, balwela ukubuswa kwezwe, benza ingozi yangempela hhayi kuphela ekuvikelekeni kweMelika, kodwa kuyo yonke impucuko yonke. Naphezu kokuthi imboni yezempi yaseSoviet ngaleso sikhathi ayitholanga amandla okwanele ngemva kwempi, isongo sokudalwa kwayo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze sezikhali zenuzi sasiphezulu kakhulu.

Phakathi kwezinsongo ezivela emazweni ekamu lezenhlalakahle, ukuhlaselwa okungenzeka okubandakanya izikhali zenuzi, amakhemikhali kanye nezikhali ze-bacteriological kwakucatshangelwa. Kwakungenxa yesiteleka esandulela phambili uma kwenzeka ukungavinjelwa kokuqhamuka kweMpi Yezwe III ukuthi uhlelo lwe "Dropshot" lwakhiwe. Uhlu lwamadolobha luboniswe kuwo njengoba imigomo eyinhloko yokunqotshwa kwahlanganiswa ngokubaluleka kokubaluleka kwazo.

Izinhlinzeko eziyinhloko zalolu hlelo

Ngokusho kwabadali bepulani, amathuba amakhulu okugqashuka kwempi kungenzeka ukuthi kwakhiwa ekuqaleni kuka-1957. Amazwe ekamu lezenhlalakahle , kanye namazwe amaningi ayekanye naye ekubambisaneni kwezomnotho, ayezokwenza eceleni kwe-USSR. Phakathi kwabo, okokuqala, kwakukhona ingxenye yeChina elawulwa amaKhomanisi, kanye neManchuria, iFinland neKorea.

Njengabaphikisana nabo, uhlelo lwe "Dropshot" lucabanga, ngaphezu kwe-United States, wonke amazwe ayingxenye yebhokisi le -NATO, kanye namazwe aseBrithani Commonwealth kanye nengxenye engeyona yamaKhomanisi eChina. Labo abafisa ukugcina ukungathathi hlangothi kufanele banikeze ukufinyelela kwe-NATO kwimithombo yabo. Phakathi kwazo kungaba amazwe aseLatin America naseMpumalanga Ephakathi.

Lapho amabutho aseSoviet ehlaselwa, uhlelo olufanayo ludinga ukudala umugqa onamandla wokuzivikela emgqeni we-Rhine-Alps-Piave. Lapho kwenzeka ukuhlasela kwesitha kwesifunda saseMiddle East, kwakufanele ayeke amaqembu amaningi aseTurkey nase-Iran. Kuzo zonke izingosi zokusebenza kwezempi, ukushaya komoya okunamandla, ukuqiniswa kwempi yezomnotho nengokwengqondo kwakucatshangelwe. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kwakuwukuqhuma okukhulu eYurophu, okuhlose ukubhujiswa kwamabutho aseSoviet kanye nokusebenza ngokugcwele kwensimu yase-USSR.

Izinyathelo zokuphendula ezithathwe yi-USSR

Ephendula, imboni yezempi yaseSoviet yenza konke okusemandleni ukukhiqiza izinhlelo zokulwa nezikhali ezikwazi ukuhlanganisa izwe laseNtshonalanga ngezifiso zalo zokulwa nezikhali. Okokuqala, kufanele kubhekiswe ekwakheni isihlangu esinamandla esiphezu kwamandla amakhulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinhlobo eziningi zanamuhla zezikhali ezihlaselayo ezingavumeli abaphikisana nathi ukuba bathembele ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla ekuxazululeni izingxabano.