I-Atomic submarine "Battle Mole". Ukuthuthukiswa okuyimfihlo kwe-USSR

Umuntu uye wakhulelwa phansi, wabe esenyuka emoyeni, aze afinyelele khona phakathi kweMhlaba. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuye kwenzeka isikhathi esithile kuphela kumanoveli amafantasy namatheksthi. Esikhathini sethu, isikebhe esingaphansi komhlaba asisona nje isifiso. Ukuthuthukiswa nokuphumelela okuphumelelayo kule nsimu kwenziwa. Ngemuva kokufunda isihloko sethu, uzofunda izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ngezixhobo ezinjengesikebhe esingaphansi komhlaba.

Izikebhe ezingaphansi komhlaba ezincwadini

Konke kwaqala nge-flight of fantasy. Ngo-1864, uJules Verne washicilela inkulumo edumile ebizwa ngokuthi "Uhambo oluya esikhungweni seMhlaba." Amaqhawe akhe awela phakathi kweplanethi yethu ngomlomo we-volcano. Ngo-1883, incwadi ethi "Underground Fire" kaShusi yanyatheliswa. Kulo, amaqhawe, esebenza njengama-pickaxes, avule umshini emkhathini womhlaba. Yiqiniso, le ncwadi ishilo kakade ukuthi umongo weplanethi uyashisa. U-Alexei Tolstoy, umbhali waseRussia, waphumelela ngokwengeziwe. Ngo-1927 wabhala Injini ye-Hyperboloid Garin. Iqhawe lomsebenzi laphuka cishe phakathi nobukhulu bomhlaba, nsuku zonke ngisho nangokwesaba.

Bonke laba abalobi bakha izizathu ezingenakulungiswa. Le ndaba yahlala kubaqashi nabanjiniyela, abaphathi bemibono yabantu ekupheleni kwe-19 kanye nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kodwa-ke, kulawo "Abanqobi bembilini" eshicilelwe ngo-1937, uGrigory Adamov wehliswa ekufinyeleleni okuvamile kweziphathimandla zaseSoviet inkinga yokushaya ingaphakathi lomhlaba. Umklamo owawuphethe encwadini yakhe, njengokungathi ubhalwe phansi kwimidwebo ye-design design secret. Ingabe lokhu kwenzeka ngengozi?

Intuthuko yokuqala

Manje akekho ongayiphendula umbuzo mayelana nokuthi yini eyakha isisekelo sokuqagela ngesibindi sikaGrigory Adamov. Kodwa-ke, ukwahlulela ngemininingwane encane, kwakukhona izizathu kubo. I-engineer yokuqala okuthiwa wadala imidwebo yamapayipi angaphansi komhlaba nguPeter Rasskazov. Lo injini ngo-1918 wabulawa yi-agent ye-intelligence yaseJalimane, owaba yonke imibhalo evela kuye. Nokho, baseMelika bakholelwa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kokuqala kwaqala nguThomas Edison. Kodwa-ke, kuqinisekile ukuthi ngasekupheleni kuka-1920s no-1930 onjiniyela base-USSR A. Treblev, A. Baskin no-A. Kirilov benza lokho. Baye bahlakulela umklamo wesikebhe sokuqala komhlaba.

Kodwa-ke, kwakuhloswe kuphela ngezinhloso ze-utilitarian ezihlobene nokukhiqizwa kwamafutha, ukuze kulungiswe le nqubo futhi kuhlangabezane nezidingo zombuso wezenhlalo. Njengesizathu, bathatha imvukuzane yangempela noma ukuthuthukiswa kwangaphambili kule nsimu yezinjini zaseRashiya noma zangaphandle - manje kunzima ukusho. Kodwa-ke, kwaziwa ukuthi emigodini yase-Ural, esekelwe ngaphansi kwentaba kaGrace, isilingo "sokubhukuda" esikebheni senziwa. Yiqiniso, isampula yabhekana nakho, kunalokho ikhophi encishisiwe, kunokuba idivayisi esebenza ngokugcwele. Kusobala ukuthi lalifana nalabo abavuna kamuva amalahle. Ukuba khona kokungapheleli, injini enokwethenjelwa, isilinganiso esincane sokungenelela kwakungokwemvelo kwendlela yokuqala. Kunqunywe ukuvimbela umsebenzi kwi-podzemnoo.

I-Strakhov iqala kabusha iphrojekthi

Ngemva kwesikhashana isikhathi sokuqala kwesibindi saqala. Ochwepheshe abaningi abahlanganyele kule phrojekthi badutshulwa. Kodwa-ke, ekupheleni kwempi, bavele bakhumbula "uMoleki Wensimbi". I-submarine iphinde isithakazelo kubameleli beziphathimandla. E-Kremlin, uPI Strakhov, isazi esihamba phambili ensimini, wabizwa. Ngaleso sikhathi wasebenza njengomphathi ekwakhiweni komasipala waseMoscow. Usosayensi, engxoxweni noD. F. Ustinov, owayephethe i-Commissariat of Armaments, uqinisekisile umbono mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-submariner. Wafundiswa ukuba athuthukise, ngokusho imidwebo eqhubekayo, imodeli yokuhlola ethuthukisiwe.

Impi iphazamisa umsebenzi

Kwabiwa abantu ngokuphuthumayo, kusho, imishini edingekayo. Umkhumbi wamanzi waseRussia kwakufanele ulungele ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ukuqala kweMpi Enkulu yePatriotic, ngokusobala, yanciphisa umsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ikhomishana kahulumeni akakaze yamukele imodeli yokuhlola. Wayekulungele ukuphela kweminye imiklamo eminingi - isampula yayisetshenziswe ensimbi. Ngaleso sikhathi, izindiza eziningi, amathangi kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba kwakudingeka ukuzivikela. Futhi uScakhov akazange abuyele emkhunjini ongaphansi komhlaba. Wathunyelwa ukwakha amabhunu.

Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba aseJalimane

Ama-designs afanayo, eqinisweni, nawo ayebhekwa nawo eJalimane. Noma iyiphi i-superweapon eyokwazi ukuletha ukubuswa kwezwe le- Third Reich kwakudingekile ebuholi. Ku-fascist Germany, ngokusho kolwazi oluthola ngemva kwempi, kwakukhona ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zempi zasemhlabeni. Igama lekhodi leyokuqala kulawa yi-Subterrine (iphrojekthi kaR. R. Trebeletsky noHv von Vern). Ngendlela, abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uR. Trebeletsky ngu-A. Treblev, onjiniyela owabalekela i-USSR. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesibili yi-Midgardschlange, okusho ukuthi "Inyoka kaMidgard". Lona iphrojekthi ye-Ritter.

Ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe Elikhulu, amaSoviet athola eduze komuzi waseKoenigsberg umthombo ongaziwa womhubhe, eduze kwalapho kwakukhona izinsalela zesakhiwo esiphezulu. Kuphakanyisiwe ukuthi lena yinsali ye "Midgard Snake".

Iphrojekthi engekho emangalisayo yayiyi-Sea Lion (elinye igama layo lingu-Subterrine). Ngonyaka ka-1933 uHercer von Werner, unjiniyela waseJalimane, wayemnikezele ilungelo lobunikazi. Ngokusho komqondo wakhe, le divayisi ingathuthukisa ijubane elifika ku-7 m / h. Esigodini sawo singaba abantu abangu-5, futhi isisindo se-warhead sasingaba ngu-300 kg. Le divayisi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikwazi ukuhambisa phansi komhlaba kuphela, kodwa futhi ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lomkhumbi wamanzi wangaphansi komhlaba wahlushwa ngokushesha. Le phrojekthi yayise-archive yezempi.

Mayelana naye, cishe, akekho owayengakhumbula, uma impi ingakaqali. Imiklamo yezempi ephikisiwe, u-Count von Stauffenberg, yakhipha ku-archive. Wamema uHitler ukuba asebenzise umkhumbi wamanzi ukuze ahlasele iBritish Isles. Kwakudingeka awele ngesinye isiNgisi IsiNgisi futhi adlule ngasese ngaphansi komhlaba endaweni efanele.

Kodwa-ke, la macebo akufanele agcwaliseke. UHermann Goering uqinisekisile u-Adolf Hitler ukuthi iNgilandi yaphoqeleka ukuba ibeke imali engabizi futhi isheshe ibhebhetheke. Ngakho-ke, lo msebenzi awukwenziwanga, nakuba uGerering engakwazanga ukufeza isithembiso sakhe.

Ukutadisha iphrojekthi "Sea Lion"

Ngemva kokunqoba iJalimane ngo-1945 ensimini yaleli zwe, ukulwa okungazibandakanyi kwaqala. Owayekade esebenzisana nabo baqala ukuncintisana ngokuba nemfihlo yezempi yaseJalimane. Phakathi kwezinye izinto ezenzekayo, umsebenzi waseJalimane womkhumbi ongaphansi komhlaba okuthiwa iLwandle Lion waba ngaphansi kukaBakumov, uGeneral Smersh. Leli qembu, eliholwa uProfesa GI Pokrovsky noGI Babat, bahlanganyela ekutadisheni amakhono ale divaysi. Ngenxa yocwaningo, lesi sigwebo esilandelayo sidluliwe: i-submariner ingasetshenziswa amaRussia ngezinjongo zempi.

Ukuthuthukiswa kukaMnu Tsiferov

I-projectile yakhe yangaphansi komhlaba ngesikhathi esifanayo (ngo-1948) yenziwa ngumjiniyela M. Tsiferov. Wanikezwa ngisho nesitifiketi somlobi we-USSR sokuthuthukiswa kwe-torpedo engaphansi komhlaba. Le divayisi ingahamba ngokuzimela ebusweni bomhlaba, ithuthuke ngesivinini esifanayo kufika ku-1 m / s!

Ukwakhiwa kwefektri eyimfihlo

E-USSR, okwamanje, uKushushchev waba namandla. Amakhadi amacilongo, amasosha nezombusazwe, ayedingekile e- Cold War . Abanjiniyela kanye nososayensi, abaye babhekana nale nkinga, bahlongozwa isisombululo esathuthukisa iphrojekthi yokudala isikebhe esingaphansi komhlaba ukuya ezingeni elisha lentuthuko. Kwakufanele kwenziwe nge injini ye-athomu, uhlobo lwemikhumbi yamanzi yokuqala eyayine-reactor atomic. Ngesikhathi esifushane sokukhiqizwa komshayeli kwakudingeka ukwakha esinye isitshalo semfihlo. Ngokwe-Khrushchev ekuqaleni kwawo-1962 eduze komuzi waseGromovka (Ukraine) waqala ukwakhiwa. Ngokushesha uKhrushchev wamemezela esidlangalaleni ukuthi kwakudingeka ukuthi abashisekeli be-imperialists bavele ngaphandle kwesikhala, kodwa futhi basuke emhlabathini.

Ukuthuthukiswa "KweMpi YaseMpi"

Eminyakeni emibili kamuva lesi sitshalo sakha umkhumbi wokuqala weSoviet ngaphansi komhlaba. Wayephethe i-atomic reactor. Umkhumbi wamanzi we-nyukliya ongaphansi komhlaba wabizwa ngokuthi "i-Battle Mole". Idizayini yayine-titanium icala. I-drill kanye nekhala zazikhonjisiwe. Isikebhe esingaphansi komhlaba "iMpi Mole" ububanzi sifike ku-3.8 m, ubude bayo babuyizingamamitha angu-35. Kwabantu abayisihlanu kwakuyiqembu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhumbi wamanzi "i-Battle Mole" ukwazi ukufaka ibhomu lamabhomu, kanye namanye ama-paratroopers angu-15. I-reactor yenukliya ethi "Battle Mole" yavumela isikebhe ukuba sifinyelele ngesivinini esingama-7 m / h.

Kungani i-"M Mole Mole" yombutho wempi yamanzi?

Umsebenzi wokulwa, owawubekwa phambi kwawo, ukubhujiswa kwemigodi yamasisi kanye nomyalo ongaphansi komhlaba we-bunkers wesitha. I-General Staff ihlele ukuletha "ama-subterin" anjalo e-US esebenzisa amamitha angaphansi kwe-atomic ngokukhethekile oklanyelwe le njongo. Njengendawo eya kuyo, iCalifornia yakhethwa, lapho umsebenzi ophezulu wokuzamazama komhlaba wawugcinwa khona ngokuphathelene nokuzamazama komhlaba okuvamile. Angayifihla ukuhamba komkhumbi wamanzi waseRussia. Umkhumbi wamanzi we-USSR, ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasungula inkokhelo yenukliya futhi, ngokuyilahlekisa kude, kubangela ngaleyo ndlela ukuzamazama komhlaba okungenzi lutho. Imiphumela yayo ingabonakala ngenxa yenhlekelele yemvelo evamile. Lokhu kungahlehlise amandla Amandla aseMelika ngokwezimali nangokwenyama.

Uvivinyo lomkhumbi omusha ongaphansi komhlaba

Ngo-1964, ekwindla ngasekuqaleni, izivivinyo ze "Battle Mole" zenziwa. Imiphumela emihle yaboniswa yi-submariner. Wakwazi ukunqoba indawo ehlukahlukene, futhi wabhubhisa umnikazi wezansi ngaphansi komyalo owawuyisitha esivamile. Izikhathi eziningana lo mboniso waboniswa kumalungu kahulumeni omasipala esifundeni saseRostov, e-Urials naseNakhabino ngaphandle kweMoscow. Ngemva kwalokho, izenzakalo ezimangalisayo zaqala. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuhleliwe, umkhumbi wamandla enyukliya kuthiwa waqhuma eMfuleni yase-Ural. Iqembu, eliholwa nguColonel Semyon Budnikov (mhlawumbe lelo yigama elikhohlisayo), wafa ngesibindi ngale ndlela. Isizathu salokhu - kusolakala ukuthi ukuchithwa okungazelelwe, ngenxa yalokho "imvukuzane" yachotshozwa ngamadwala. Ngokwezinye izinguqulo, kwakukhona ukuhlaselwa kwamasevisi akhethekile angaphandle noma ukuthola idivayisi ibe yindawo engavamile.

Ukunciphisa izinhlelo

Ngemuva kokuthi uKrushchev asuswe ekuthunyelwe okuholayo, izinhlelo eziningi zapheliswa, kufaka phakathi le phrojekthi. Isikebhe esingaphansi komhlaba saphinda sasiba nesithakazelo eziphathimandla. Umnotho weSoviet Union wawuqhekeka emaceleni. Ngakho-ke, le phrojekthi, njengezinye izinto eziningi, ezifana ne-Soviet screen-izindiza ezindizayo ezindiza ngama-1960s no-1970 phezu kweCaspian, zashiywe. ISoviet Union ingakwazi ukuncintisana ne-United States empini yempi, kodwa yalahlekelwa kakhulu emncintiswaneni wezandla. Kwakudingeka ukuthi ulondoloze ngokoqobo konke. Lokhu kwakuboniswa ngabantu abalula futhi bezwakala yiBrzhnev. Ukube khona kukahulumeni kwafakwa engozini, ngakho-ke, amaphrojekthi akhuthele ayengakagcinwa imfihlo futhi anciphise isikhathi eside.

Ingabe imisebenzi iyaqhubeka?

Ngomnyaka we-1976, lo mshini wezindaba wawunolwazi olumayelana nemikhumbi ye-nyukliya engaphansi komhlaba yeSoviet Union. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenjongo yokungazi kahle kwezempi nezombusazwe. AmaMelika awela le nhlanzi futhi aqala ukwakha amadivaysi anjalo. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi ngabe imishini enjalo ithuthukiswa eNtshonalanga nase-United States. Ingabe kukhona umuntu odinga isikebhe samanzi namuhla? Izithombe ezinikezwe ngenhla, kanye namaqiniso omlando, ziyizizathu zokuthi lokhu akuyona nje iphutha, kodwa kuyiqiniso langempela. Singazi kangakanani ngezwe lanamuhla? Mhlawumbe, manje, ngilima umhlaba ngamabhubhe angaphansi komhlaba. Ukuthuthukiswa okuyimfihlo eRussia, njengoba, nakwamanye amazwe, akekho ozokhangisa.