Battle of Leipzig (1813)

Battle of Leipzig - enye yezimpi ezinkulu phakathi kaNapoleon Izimpi. Yenzeka ezulwini Saxony 4 - 7 Okthoba 1813 Olwa e empini ayengu amabutho yempi sikaNapoleon eyesithupha sokusebenzisana anti-French.

INGEMUVA impi

umkhankaso Russian of Napoleon e 1812, kushabalele ephelele. Lokhu kwaholela ekusungulweni we abaphikisi kombusi lesithupha sokusebenzisana anti-French. It yakhiwa iRussia, eNgilandi, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Sweden.

Impi yokuqala enkulu senzeka phakathi izimbangi ngesikhathi Bautzen, owawina elafika ibutho French. Amasosha lesithupha sokusebenzisana anti-French zaphumelela ukufaka ngesinyelela kokunqoba Napoleon at Grosberenom, Katzbach, futhi Dennewitz Kulm. Ngo-1813, amabutho oMfelandawonye lasungula okuhlaselayo ku Dresden futhi Saxony futhi ngokushesha wathatha impi edumile of Leipzig.

Isimo ngosuku olwandulela impi

Ukuze uqonde izimbangela ukubaleka sikaNapoleon futhi ukunqoba impi yakhe, kufanele ucabangele isimo lapho impi of Leipzig. 1813 yaba nzima ngokwanele ukuba Saxony. Ekwindla zaleyo nsimu 3 ethuthuka wamabutho ahlangene: North (iphansi kwesandla sika-IsiSwidi Umqhele Prince Jean Bernadotte), eBohemia (Austria Field Marshal K. Shvartserber) g kanye Silesian (Prussian Jikelele G. Blucher). Futhi beza empini; amaPolish Army (Gen. L. Benningsen) okwesikhashana labetibambile zigciniwe.

Napoleon ekuqaleni ayenethemba lokuthi ushaye unqamule amasosha, kodwa imvelo oguqukayo, ukungabi isikhathi nomzamo kwamphoqa ukulahla izinhloso zakhe. UMbusi yebutho French yafakwa esifundeni Leipzig.

Ukwakheka kanye namandla izimbangi

Umuntu engayazi umlando le mpi, kungase kuphakame umbuzo: "Kungani impi of Leipzig ngokuthi impi yezizwe?". Iqiniso lokuthi uhlangothi sikaNapoleon kulokhu kubulalana abathintekayo isiFulentshi, nabasePoland, Dutch, amaNtaliyane, le baseBelgium lithanda kanye Saxons. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njengengxenye amabutho azihlanganisa babe Austrians, abaseSweden, nezizwe zala Empire isiRashiya, le Prussians, Bavarians.

Ibutho French lalinabashumayeli amadoda 200,000 futhi 700 izibhamu bangenwe umoya. ZamaBohemia alwa amasosha acishe abe yizinkulungwane 133, okwadingeka 578 izinhlamvu. Silezkaya ibutho lalinabashumayeli amadoda 60,000, futhi iNorth - 58 000, esemgwaqweni 315 izibhamu 256, ngokulandelana. Amabutho Polish babe yizinkulungwane 54 amasosha futhi 186 izinhlamvu.

Imicimbi Okthoba 4

Battle of the Nations ngo-1813 eduze Leipzig eqale ngo- isayithi lapho kwakukhona impi yama wayemi eBohemia. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba impi kwathiwa zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu. Ukuhlaselwa oyinhloko French wayefake Ingxenye yokuqala iphansi kwesandla sika-M. B. Barklaya de Tolly. Phakathi okuhlaselayo, Ekuseni ngo-October 4, leli qembu ashaqe eziningi amadolobha. Kodwa Austrians wenqaba MB Barclay de Tolly ukusekela futhi baphoqeleka ashona.
SikaNapoleon abakhwele amahhashi amabutho iphansi kwesandla sika-Murat waqala intuthuko kule ndawo nge. Wachau. Nge Cossack ibutho ephethwe IE Efrayimi, kwaba yingxenye yempi u-Alexander I, ibutho French isifakwe emuva indawo yokuqala.
Okunye Napoleon kwawona ekuhlaseleni izitha endaweni futhi Viderits Möckern. Ngezinye ilanga lishona, ekulweni wayeka kuzo zonke izindawo. Enemy izikhundla ekupheleni impi akusho kushintsha ngokoqobo. Phakathi izimpi izimbangi abalahlekelwe ababecishe babe izinkulungwane 30. Wonke umuntu.

Imiphumela ngosuku lokuqala

Ngosuku lokuqala impi of Leipzig eseqede a draw. Zombili izinhlangothi wathola ukunqoba ngokwengxenye (ibutho sikaNapoleon at Lidenau futhi Wachau, Allied - ngaphansi Mekerne), okuyinto akazange kuthinte isimo jikelele. Kodwa yokuma sokusebenzisana anti-French kwakubangelwa kangcono yokuthi bafika kosizo Bennigsen futhi Bernadotte. Napoleon ubengase sibalela ebiyelwe elincane Rhine.

Imicimbi Okthoba 5

Ngalolusuku imisebenzini yezempi kwakungenziwanga zigcinwe. Kuphela enyakatho ibutho Blucher liyobamba nasemizaneni Oytritssh Golis wafika eduze Leipzig. Ebusuku Napoleon obekwe kabusha ngamaqembu ibutho ukuze usiyise kulowo muzi. Ngenxa yalokho, ibutho French ubekwe arc ukuzivikela eduze Leipzig. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ibutho umbimbi sikaNapoleon lizungezwe umkhumbi ka Silesian - enyakatho, North kanye Polish - empumalanga Bohemia - eningizimu.

Imicimbi Okthoba 6

Battle of Leipzig kwaqhubeka ekuseni mhlaka-6 Okthoba. Ngalolu suku, ibutho French wathatha isikhundla ukuzivikela, futhi nokulahlekelwa amaphuzu ebalulekile yimpumelelo esiphikisayo kuhlasela. Isimo ngokwengqondo amabutho sikaNapoleon wabetha shift okungazelelwe we Saxon Cavalry Division Württemberg ohlangothini Allied. ukuwakhaphela kwaholela ekubeni depopulation isikhundla central, kodwa lo mbusi owakwazi ngokushesha aphonse ukuze ubhuke nokusimamisa isimo. Army kuhlasela sokusebenzisana anti-isiFulentshi, futhi, asiphumeleli kakhulu. Lokhu kwakubangelwa izikhathi ezahlukene futhi zihlasela lingahambisani ngesikhathi sokungasebenzi ka esiqiwini amayunithi.
Izimpi main ngalolusuku labetibambile ngaphansi Probstgeyde, Tsukelgauzenom, Goltsgauzenom, Dozenom, Paunsdorf futhi Losnigom. Lwathi luphela usuku French wakwazi ubambe isikhundla cishe zonke ezinhlangothini, ngaphandle isikhungo. Kodwa baye balahlekelwa cishe wonke ukulwa layo ikhithi futhi Napoleon wayazi ukuthi lesi simo ngeke kuholele futhi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe ibutho.

Imicimbi ngo-October 7,

Ekuseni ngo-October 7, ibutho sikaNapoleon waqala ashona. I oMfelandawonye akazange ahlose baphule ibutho French phezu izindlela kuya Elster, bathumela amabutho awo ukuba ahlasele Leipzig. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinhlu ezintathu ziye zadalwa, okuyinto ngokushesha sathuthela edolobheni. Abantu bendawo ayecelile hhayi ukuqala impi, kodwa umfelandawonye anti-French yafuna umaluju ingqikithi Napoleon. Ngezinye kwasemini the umbimbi bahlasela izindonga zomuzi.
umyalo French kwenziwa ngamabomu kuqhunyiswa kwebhuloho phezu Elster, ukusika ibutho laso yi Allied futhi silivumele ukubaleka. Kodwa kwathiwa abatshalwé phambili umoya isikhathi futhi Kwezinye izingxenye ababesele edolobheni. Babefanele ukukubalekela ukubhukuda. amasosha amaningi abulawa khona kanye emanzini. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka Marshal J. Poniatowski. Ntambama ibutho umfelandawonye anti-French wakwazi Leipzig.

imiphumela impi

ukulahlekelwa Jikelele sikaNapoleon zaba angaba yizinkulungwane 60. Amasosha, mayelana inani elifanayo amasosha lost sokusebenzisana anti-French. amabutho Imperial lakwazi ukugwema ukunqotshwa Imininingwane kubangelwe yokuthi izenzo umbimbi awazange esihlelwe kahle nababusi European ngokuvamile ayikwazanga kufinyelelwe esivumelwaneni.

Ingabe nemiphumela ebalulekile kwezombangazwe obaholela impi of Leipzig. Unyaka 1813 kwenzakala ngempela nzima Napoleon. behluliwe Battle of Leipzig Ngemva kwalandelwa ngokuwa Confederation of Rhine. Ngemva ukukhululwa kuka-German isinyathelo sezempi lasakazekela endaweni yaseFrance. Ngo-March, le umbimbi ayekuthathile Paris nasemaphandleni kwakukhona sokubuyiselwa yokubusa kwamakhosi.

Imemori ye-Battle of Leipzig

Battle of Leipzig (impi yezizwe), omunye izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu emlandweni izimpi kaNapoleon. Sibizwa nangokuthi ngokuthi "Battle of the-Emperors amathathu"
Ikhumbule le mpi eJalimane ngo 1814 kwenziwa ukunqoba omangalisayo.
Ngo-1913, kwamiswa itshe lesikhumbuzo grand "Isikhumbuzo ukuze Battle of Nations" wavulwa e Leipzig.

Budebuduze ke nayo yakhelwe St Aleksievsky nasethempelini, lapho namuhla wangcwatshwa amasosha awile. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi GDR babehlele ukubhubhisa lesikhumbuzo, njengoba kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso ukukhazinyuliswa ubuzwe German. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Yaqala kubonakale njengendlela uphawu ubungane nge Russia nase iziphathimandla ziye wanquma ngisindise lesikhumbuzo.
Futhi, 100th umgubho weminyaka eyi impi uhlamvu lwemali esiyisikhumbuzo (3 emamaki) ukhululiwe.
Namuhla, Leipzig itholakala iminyuziyamu ambalwa esizinikezele umlando empini enkulu.