Zempi amathangi eyohlobo yesimanje: amandla, rikoshetosposobnost

Zempi - okokusebenza zokuzivikela, okuyinto libhekene ukuzinza okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye ukumelana izici zangaphandle okusongela ukusonteka futhi esephule ubuqotho bayo. Hhayi buzo babe hlobo of ukuvikelwa okukhulunywa ngalo: noma ngabe zempi knightly noma enamathela osindayo ukulwa izimoto zanamuhla, umgomo uhlala eyodwa - ukuvikela ekulimaleni futhi uthathe umthwalo.

. Zempi eyohlobo - ungqimba zokuzivikela sisetshenziselwa izinto eyohlobo esesikhundleni namandla anda futhi ingxenye engu- iyunifomu phakathi kwengoma zamakhemikhali ezifanayo kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kuyinto ngalolu hlobo Ukuvikelwa kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni.

Umlando nesenzakalo zempi

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala zempi atholakala emithonjeni ephakathi, sikhuluma kakhulu yezembatho zethu futhi izihlangu zamaqhawe. injongo yabo eyinhloko ukuvikela izitho zomzimba izinkemba, sabres, izimbazo, yimikhonto, imicibisholo nezinye izikhali.

Njengoba sekunama-nezibhamu sadingeka ukuphika ukusetshenziswa izinto kuqhathaniswa esithambile enkulu ekwakhekeni zempi futhi ukuya okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi ukumelana ukusonteka, hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi Alloys imvelo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imihlobiso ukusebenziswa izihlangu kanye zempi ukuze afanekisele isimo uhloniphe kwamadoda asebukhosini, Wamkhohlwa esikhathini esidlule. Ifomu zempi nezihlangu ukuqala lula, yadedela usizo.

Empeleni, wonke intuthuko emhlabeni svolsya ubuhlanga igijimisa kokusungulwa izikhali ezintsha bese ukuvikelwa ukuthi. Ngenxa yalokho, yokuncishiswa ukuma kakhulu yezembatho zethu kwaholela abiza ukunciphisa (ngenxa yokuntuleka ubucwebe), kodwa yanyuka usizo. Ngenxa yalokho, le zempi isibe kufinyeleleke kalula.

Insimbi steel ziye zasetshenziswa futhi eminye lapho engela ikhanda uvukile izinga ukushuba zempi. Phenomenon eyathinta boat- futhi isiqoqi sama-softwe, kanye nokuqinisa phansi izindawo kanye ezihamba kancane ukulwa units like izihlilingi kanye ballista.

izinhlobo zempi

With ukuthuthukiswa umkhakha ngokomlando waphawula ngcono amagobolondo ukujiya ukuthi zenza ukuba kancane kancane ukuvela izinhlobo yesimanje zempi (ithangi, umkhumbi, indiza kanye nokunye okufana nalokho. D.).

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla emncintiswaneni izingalo akagcini nangokuphazima kweso nje ukuthi kuholela ukuvela kohlobo olusha Ukuvikelwa njengendlela yokuthola countering izikhali ezikhona.

Ngokuya ngezici design ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zempi:

• eyohlobo;
• armored;
• sehlisiwe;
• esilinganayo.

Ngokusekelwe izindlela kwesicelo:

• nebhulukwe - yimuphi amasudi zempi sokuvikelwa umzimba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini - a ephakathi iqhawe zempi noma zesibhamu isosha yesimanje;
• ezokuthutha - metal Alloys ngesimo amabhodi kanye ichashazi-ubufakazi ingilazi, injongo okuyinto ukuvikela nabagibeli abangu ubuciko;
• umkhumbi - zempi ukuze kuvikeleke imikhumbi (kwamanzi kanye ngenhla kwamanzi ingxenye);
• ukwakhiwa - osetshe- Ukuvikelwa bunkers, bunkers futhi emplacements ugcwalise ugodo (bunkers);
• isikhala - zonke izinhlobo zesikrini ukushaqeka-ubufakazi nezibuko ukuvikela sasemkhathini kusuka doti esemkhathini futhi emiphumeleni elimazayo kwelanga emkhathini;
• Ikhebula - eyenzelwe ukuvikela ngwenya izintambo ekulimaleni futhi ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside ezindaweni nobutha.

Zempi eyohlobo futhi heterogeneous

Izinto ezisetshenziselwa womshini zempi, kubonise ukuthuthukiswa oluvelele ubunjiniyela design umcabango. Ukutholakala amaminerali ezifana chromium, molybdenum noma tungsten evumela ukuthuthukisa amasampula ephezulu amandla; ukungabikho yabo kudala isidingo zokwakheka kugxilwe kancane. Ngokwesibonelo, zempi amapuleti, yiziphi kulula kuhambisana nemigomo yentengo-izinga isilinganiso.

Ngu aphoyintimenti zempi sehlukaniswe inhlamvu, protivosnaryadnym takhi. Zempi eyohlobo (ukwaziswa okufanayo ezweni cross kwesigaba endaweni) noma heterogeneous (izingoma ezahlukene) isetshenziselwe ukudala ezinengilazi like inhlamvu futhi protivosnaryadnym. Kodwa akugcini lapho.

zempi eyohlobo onabo bobabili efanayo amakhemikhali ukwakheka kuyo yonke indawo cross-Sectional, futhi amakhemikhali ezifanayo futhi izakhiwo lokukhanda. Heterogeneous Ungase futhi ube izakhiwo mechanical ezahlukene (steel lukhuni kulolu hlangothi, isibonelo).

Asongwe zempi eyohlobo

Ngo indlela yokukhiqiza yezembatho zethu (kungakhathaliseki yokubhuka eyohlobo noma heterogeneous) enamathela zihlukaniswe zibe:

• Asongwe. Lolu hlobo zempi yabalingisi, olufuthwe nge umshini ugingqe. Ngenxa kokucindezelwa endaweni cindezela i-molecule indlela nomunye, futhi uphawu impahla kwenzeka. Lolu hlobo ephezulu amandla zempi has eyodwa ethile: hhayi amenable ukuba ekusakazeni. Isetshenziswa ku amathangi, kodwa kuphela ngesimo izingqimba flat. Esikhathini turret ithangi, isibonelo, kudinga oyindilinga.
• Sakaza. Ngakho, ukusebenza okuncane njengoba amaphesenti, kuka samuntu odlule. Nokho, kungenzeka enamathela enjalo esetshenziselwa amathangi umbhoshongo. Sakaza zempi eyohlobo Yiqiniso, liyoba namandla kunelinye heterogeneous. Kodwa njengoba besho, ingabe spoon ezinhle eyodla.

phetho

Uma sicabangela Ukuvikelwa inhlamvu esuka amachashazi ezivamile futhi udibi Ukubhoboza futhi okuseceleni okubukhali umthelela elincane amabhomu neziqhumane, surface enjalo ingase inikezwe izinguqulo ezimbili: iphuma eyohlobo noma heterogeneous ephezulu amandla zempi waqinisa ngamandla okusezingeni eliphezulu zombili front futhi bakhulise.

Protivosnaryadnym (zivikela amagobolondo elikhulu) enamathela nayo emelelwa izinhlobo eziningana. Okuvame kakhulu wabo - iphuma zempi eyohlobo bese waphonsa izigaba eziningana amandla: phakeme, futhi ongaphakeme.

Olunye uhlobo - iphuma heterogeneous. Kuyinto lwaqinisa eqeda enamathela ngolunye uhlangothi, okuyinto kunciphisa amandla "ukujula".

I ukushuba we zempi maqondana ubulukhuni kulokhu isilinganiso 25:15:60 (yangaphandle, yangaphakathi, izingqimba ezingemuva ngokulandelana).

isicelo

amathangi Russian, kanye nemikhumbi, manje embozwe-chrome nickel noma steel nickel-kuhlinzwa. Uma ngesikhathi kwakhiwa le mikhumbi esetshenziswa bronepoyas steel nge ukuqina isothermal, amathangi esiyinhlanganisela igcwele emgodleni zokuzivikela, esakhiwa izingqimba eziningana izinto.

Ngokwesibonelo, engaphelele zempi ukulwa jikelele "armata" platform emelelwa ungqimba esiyinhlanganisela, abangenakudlula kuwo yesimanje anti-osezingeni amagobolondo 150 mm kanye ishanelwe subcaliber projectile ubukhulu 120 mm.

Futhi esetshenziswa Spaced Zempi. Hard ukusho, nemvunulo yempi kukanye nani engcono noma cha. amathangi Russian ayathuthuka, kanye nokwenza ngcono futhi abavikele.

Zempi vs igobolondo

Yiqiniso, akunakwenzeka ukuba amalungu ukubala ithangi khumbula izimfanelo enemininingwane Tactical futhi technical wemoto ukulwa, okubonisa ukuthi ukushuba we ungqimba ukuvikela negobolondo lapho uzoqhubeka milimitha, kanye yini eyohlobo zempi ukulwa imoto esetshenziswa noma cha.

Izakhiwo zempi Modern ayikwazi esachazwa ithemu yinye kuphela "ukushuba". Ngesizathu nje ukuthi usongo yezikhali ezicitshwayo eziphambili, ngokumelene okuyilokho, eqinisweni, eklanyelwe lokhu containment livela kinetic namakhemikhali amandla projectiles.

energy kinetic

Ngaphansi energy kinetic (kungcono uthi "usongo kinetic") lisho ikhono flash ingenalutho igobolondo zempi. Ngokwesibonelo, negobolondo mpilo-uranium noma i-tungsten Carbide ushaya ngayinye se ngokusebenzisa. Homogenous steel zempi engenamsebenzi ngokumelene kokuthola nanoma yiziphi. Azikho nenqubo ngalo kungenziwa wagomela ukuthi mm 200 mm kuya ku-1300 okulingana heterogeneous eyohlobo.

Imfihlo esiphikisayo zempi projectile itholakala ilungiselelo, okuholela ushintsho vector lomthelela walokhu projectile ku ukushuba enamathela.

projectile ezuziwe

Chemical usongo emelelwa izinhlobo ezinjalo projectiles njengoba zempi anti-eziyiziqhumane (ngokuvumelana ngesilwane esifuywayo zomhlaba eyabizwa ngokuthi HESH) kanye ezuziwe (UKUSHISA).

projectile Okunqwabelanayo (ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile nethonya umdlalo World Of Tanks) ongaqhubeki ukugxusha oluvuthayo. isenzo sayo sisekelwe amandla umthelela useyakwazi ibe jet mncane okuyinto, ngenxa umfutho ophakeme, hhayi lokushisa, ephula ungqimba zokuzivikela.

Ukuvikelwa projectiles ukugcwala ezinjalo kuba okuthiwa zempi ezingamanga ezingcolisa eqala amandla nomthelela. Isibonelo elula processing by ithangi anezikhala-inetha embhedeni ubudala phakathi neMpi Yezwe II amasosha aseSoviet.

Israyeli ukuvikela izindlu zabo, "Mercan" nangokunamathela amabhola sikebhe steel uhlanganyela emaketangeni.

Enye ukwakha zempi ashukumisayo. Esikhathini ukushayisana ka Jets iqondiswe projectile ezuziwe Unamekwe ongqongqozayo kwenzeka zempi enamathela. Explosion, iqondiswe njengoba kuqhathaniswa jet ezuziwe, kuholela ukushabalalisa lakamuva.

kwamabhomu agqitshwayo

Isenzo udibi Ukubhoboza projectile alufakwa kunciphisa umongozima esidlule zempi umzimba engozini bese bedlulisela ezinkulukazi ukushaqeka ishayela ngokusebenzisa ungqimba metal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba izikhonkwane e bowling, zempi izingqimba baphokophelele nomunye, okuholela ukusonteka. Ngakho, plate zempi ubhujiswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho zempi ungqimba zafinyelela ngaphandle, ilimale ukuba amatilosi.

amagobolondo Anti-eziyiziqhumane kungase kufane ukuthi we ezuziwe.

isiphetho

Omunye izimo emlandweni olubhaliwe engavamile chemical izingoma ukuze kuvikeleke ethangini kuyinto ikhava eJalimane isinyathelo tsimmeritom imiklamo. Lokhu kwakwenzelwa ukuzivikela izakhiwo "Tigers" futhi "Panthers" ezimayini kazibuthe.

Ukwakheka tsimmeritovoy ingxube kuhlanganisiwe izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi barium yombala sulfate, zinc sulfide, sawdust, ocher sombala futhi yokuhlanganisa esekelwe polyvinyl acetate.

Ukusebenzisa ingxube waqala ngo-1943 yaphela ngo-1944, lokhu ngesizathu sokuthi bathi omiswe kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi eJalimane ngaleso sikhathi wayeseGibithe isikhundla ohlangothini wokulahlekelwa.

Ngo umkhuba olunye le ngxube ndawo wathola impendulo ngenxa yokuhluleka ukusetshenziswa kazibuthe elihamba antitank kwezimayini ukubukeka izikhali ezinamandla kakhulu - amabhomu antitank.