Yinto evamile ukukhuluma cholesterol egazini babantu. Izinkomba of cholesterol egazini

Kaningi udokotela umndeni (noma ezinye udokotela okukhethekile) uqoka ukuhlolwa igazi for cholesterol. Le nkomba, kanye ezingeni ushukela i-serum igazi kuqondene kakhulu neziguli ezingoFakazi 45 ubudala. Nokho, akuwona wonke siqonde ukuthi cholesterol nokuthi kuyinto emzimbeni. Kulesi sihloko, sizama ukuqonda: Ikuphi ukuhlobana okukhona okuyinto kufanele kube yinto evamile ukukhuluma cholesterol egazini.

Kuyini cholesterol

Cholesterol, noma njengoba ilungile ngaphezulu ukubiza, cholesterol kuyinto lipid (amafutha) odlala kubalulekile ukusebenza emzimbeni. Okunjalo indima ebalulekile ngenxa entry lwalo ulwelwesi cell. Kuyinto kwakwakhe eziyisisekelo kuyiphi kwemiqondo steroid futhi ubulili hormone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima ebalulekile cholesterol abutholakali umzimba womuntu, kodwa futhi ukuze izilwane ezinye izitshalo.

Ngokwezwi nezwi, igama lalo kwakwakhe linamagama ezimbili: «Chole» - Bile futhi «steros» - kanzima. Leli gama ngenxa emakamu eziphakeme ketshezi Bile, kanye nekhono kalula akha kwenze, okuyinto ukubonakaliswa kokuqala isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.

Inani cholesterol emzimbeni

Okokuqala, kuyafaneleka indima ebalulekile cholesterol njengoba isakhi isakhi cell ulwelwesi. Linikeza ukuzinza kanye ukhetho the permeability we ulwelwesi iseli ezahlukene, kokubili ewusizo futhi izinto eziyingozi. Cholesterol kuyisisekelo zokungabi steroid futhi ubulili hormone (cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone, testosterone). Cholesterol kuyinto ingxenye Bile futhi ehilelekile okunamafutha acid zokuhamba eziya isibindi ehlanganisa chylomicrons. Vitamin D kwavusa kumiswa elangeni, kanye isamba elanele cholesterol egazini. Yezinzwa, futhi kwakwakhe ikakhulukazi - sphingomyelin, kwemiqondo emzimbeni in imali eyanele nokuba khona cholesterol.

ifomu Ezokuthutha

Ukusakazwa cholesterol igazi kungenziwa sakhiwa 3 izinhlobo lipoproteins. Esilula ngokwezwi nezwi ehunyushwa ngokuthi njengoba "amaprotheni amanoni", kuba ezokuthutha ingxenye ekhethekile, okuyinto kuhlelwe esibindini.

ephansi kakhulu kwabantu lipoproteins (VLDL) idluliswe-fatty acid, glycerine, cholesterol nezicubu adipose kuzo zonke izinhlaka. Leli gama kungenxa iphesenti elincane ukudluliswa cholesterol amaprotheni Ukwakheka nge predominance of lipids nje elula. Ngemva kokufinyelela lipoproteins wathi izindwangu umklomelo fatty acid, nama okwandisa ingxenye isihlobo cholesterol yokwakheka yenethiwekhi. Ngakho-ke, it is uqambe Esilula ukuminyana ongaphakeme (LDL), kusukela isisindo yamangqamuzana kuba "ezisinda" kangaka. Leli fomu ayingozi kakhulu futhi ubizwa ngokuthi "cholesterol embi". On zenani ukusakazwa kwalo isikhathi egazini incike izinga amakhulu Ukulandelana atherosclerosis nazo zonke yezinkinga isikhonzi. Peculiar amaprotheni sinqobe kukhona okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuminyana lipoproteins (HDL), aqukethe zezakhi ethize, siyivumele ukuba liyobamba cholesterol. Bathwala cholesterol emuva isibindi, lapho axoshwe njengengxenye Bile.

Enye ingxenye ebalulekile kukhona triglyceride noma ama-fatty acid sekushiwo. ingqondo kodwa hhayi kakhulu ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, kodwa kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukubhalwa lipomatosis (lipid ukonakala kwezitho zangaphakathi).

Kuyini izinga cholesterol egazini

Emuva kokuhlolwa, udokotela lesiguli ngokuvamile unikeza isiqondiso sephrofayela lipid. Lokhu inhlolovo kuhlanganisa izinkomba futhi ivumela ukucacisa okungenzeka futhi lesichubekako ukuthuthukiswa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.

Isiguli Rents test ngokuzila ukudla igazi. cholesterol izinga kwabesifazane labesilisa, futhi amanani alinganayo kusukela 3.6 kuya 6.2 mmol / l. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ematfuba ukuthuthukiswa qwembe atherosclerotic incane. Ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa esinembile cholesterol ephansi egazini iqukethe itafula elikuvumela ukuba udabule iyehla iyenyuka elincane le nkomba, kuye ngokuthi yobudala.

Uma igazi cholesterol yakho ezingeni mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 6.2 mmol / L, ngenkathi ukhuluma ngani cholesterol ngokulinganisela eliphezulu. Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa 7.8 mmol / L, nokuningi - lena ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.

Kuyini izinga igazi cholesterol ngoba ezigulini eziye yisifo senhliziyo noma unhlangothi? Umphakathi European elwa atherosclerosis Kunconywa ukunciphisa mkhawulo kuya 5.2 mmol / L.

lipidogram izinkomba kufakwe ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali futhi ubonise ezingeni cholesterol egazini. amaprotheni cholesterol ezokuthutha Norm-equkethe kuboniswe ngezansi.

Norma igazi cholesterol amadoda - inkomba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi odinga ukukwazi futhi silondoloze ngaphakathi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo ngenjongo zokuvimbela unhlangothi noma isilethikusebenza.

Izimbangela cholesterol aphezulu

Ukukhulisa bar igazi cholesterol can izici eziningana:

• ongenakulinganisela Ukudla aqukethe ukudla okunothe cholesterol (nokunamanoni, inyama ebomvu, ushizi kanzima, ubhekeni, ehla, njll);
• ukungawuvivinyi umzimba noma ukuhamba elinganiselwe kunomthelela ekuqongeleleni fat and cholesterol egazini nezicubu. Ukwandisa noma umsebenzi ngokomzimba nengxenye 'evuthayo "fat futhi ukunciphisa amazinga cholesterol;
• ukhuluphele akuyona nje provocateur izifo eziningi, kodwa futhi kunomthelela LDL ne-triglyceride egazini;
• eziluthayo (ukubhema kanye notshwala) neqhaza ushintsho odongeni semithambo, okuyinto engcono kakhulu ebucayi ekwakhekeni zingcwecwe atherosclerotic;
• ezinye izifo. Leli qembu kuzomele sifake ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sezinso futhi hypothyroidism;
• yofuzo. Medicine 4 eyaziwa Umumo pathologies of lipid umzimba, okuyinto okuthiwa dyslipoproteinemia. Nge semfene enjalo kukhona ukuntuleka synthesis HDL futhi LDL kumiswa ngokweqile ukuthi kuphakamisa amazinga cholesterol kakhudlwana;
• umphumela yobudala nobulili. Abesilisa kunamathuba amaningi okuthi babe ephakeme igazi cholesterol. Norma Inkomba inyuka kancane ngeminyaka.

Kanjani cholesterol ukwanda

izimpawu ezithile noma othile ejwayelekile in iziguli esinjalo ningagcini. Ukuze afeze nesilinganiso cholesterol egazini ngizodabula igazi umthambo kule ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali. cholesterol eziphakeme izinkomba igazi kungase kubonise ukuthuthukiswa angina, okuvela kuyo isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, okuvela kuyo ischemic sokuphazamiseka okuthile ebuchosheni, ukubukeka kanye nesanda xanthomas xanthelasma nosayizi, okuyinto abathathi hlangothi amafutha ezifakwa ezindaweni ezithile zesikhumba.

Izingozi cholesterol aphezulu

Ubungozi enkulu lihlotshaniswa yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. amazinga cholesterol aphezulu abangele ukwakheka zingcwecwe atherosclerotic phezu kwangaphakathi imithambo yegazi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zokwakheka zikhulisa ngobukhulu futhi ungakwazi ukuvimba inesikhala imithambo yegazi. Khona-ke kukhona isithombe basemtholampilo atherosclerosis, ngokuvamile kuthinta odongeni kwemithambo yegazi we ephansi emikhawulweni, ingqondo nenhliziyo. Lapho isifo occlusive ne kwasendaweni in wemikhawulo aphansi, weziguli wabika coldness nokudungeka zezinyawo, ukunciphisa ubude ibanga, ukubukeka izinguquko isikhumba trophic. Izinga asekelwe wegazi cholesterol amadoda kuvimbela nesenzakalo yalesi sifo. Uma inhliziyo abathintekayo, angina eba ekuqaleni, futhi kungenzeka kamuva zenzeka isilethikusebenza. Lapho kunqotshwa izitsha ubuchopho kwandisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi, okuyinto okunzima ngempela ukuba aphathe.

Siphatha izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu cholesterol

Imithi yendabuko ihlukanisa amaqembu amaningana izidakamizwa ukuthi zibhekiswe ngesikhathi okusithiyayo cholesterol zamagama kanye ukugaya. Le mithi eyakhe ngezinga elikhulu statin. Lezi zinto zehlela ukuvimba enzyme ethile - HMG-CoA reductase, edlala indima enkulu synthesis cholesterol. Izidakamizwa angathengwa at iyiphi ekhemisi futhi ngamanani ahlukene, kuye ngokuthi umenzi. Okuvame kakhulu simvastatin futhi atorvastatin. Ama-aspirin at umthamo 75-100 mg unekhono mncane igazi futhi ngenxa yalokho kunciphisa kungenzeka kumiswa zingcwecwe. Ukwakhiwa ukwehlisa triglyceride ziqondiswe okusithiyayo of ukumuncwa amafutha esiswini noma neqhaza ukususwa kwabo kusuka emzimbeni. Mancane ngempumelelo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-statin, futhi asetshenziselwa njengoba izindlela ezengeziwe (fibrates, Guar acid). Niacin (noma elinye igama Vitamin B3) kusiza ukunciphisa lokuhlushwa LDL egazini futhi sithuthukise ithoni semithambo kancane.

Amalungiselelo ekwelapheni nomfutho wegazi ophezulu babaluleke futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukwehlukana zingcwecwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa eziyingozi - yisifo senhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi, okuyinto ebaluleke ikakhulukazi nengxenye enamandla lesintu. cholesterol sivamile amadoda ukusiza ukuvimbela okuvela kuyo ngenxa yezinkinga ngenhla.

ukudla

Iziguli ezinjalo udokotela uncoma №10s Ukudla by Pevsner. Uhlinzeka ukunciphisa carbohydrate kalula digestible futhi ezilwane, ukulinganisela usawoti extractives nitrogen. Ncoma ahlanganiswe Ukudla kangaka okuthiwa lipotropic compounds futhi kubalulekile fatty acid, fibre, imikhiqizo ulwandle. Thatha ukudla izikhathi 5-6 ngosuku. Kuyadingeka ukuba aluqede ngokuphelele imikhiqizo khekhe, amakhekhe, nokunamanoni, ayi, okusemathinini, ngabhema. Engathandeki futhi izinhlanzi okunamafutha, amaqanda izikhupha, irayisi, ubhontshisi kanye nesobho. abathandi Sweet kufanele kakhulu ukhawule ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo eyenziwe ukhilimu, u-ice cream, ushokoledi.

Izitshalo ukuba alwe cholesterol

Umsebenzi enkulu ngokumelene "cholesterol embi" has Dioscorea Caucasian. Umuthi kwezindlu kusekelwe kuyo - "Polispanin" kunomthelela ukuzinza bohlu lipid wegazi ukudla. Futhi sinciphise cholesterol egazini kungaba: elderberry abamnyama, cinquefoil silvery, yimani niqonde futhi ihansi, inadi a hawthorn, motherwort, ifulege amnandi. Amalungiselelo esekelwe garlic futhi nemiphumela anti-atherogenic. Ngokuvamile ungathola Pharmacy "Alistat" okuyinto thatha 1 ithebhulethi izikhathi 2 ngosuku. Jwayelekile igazi cholesterol kwabesilisa zigcinwe ukudla futhi abe munye noma bebabili yemifino amalungiselelo banezimfanelo umphumela antiatherogenic.