Vordsvort Uilyam, Imbongi eyiNgisi: Biography, lokusungula

Uilyam Vordsvort, biography kanye lokusungula ayisihloko yalokhu kubukezwa, kwaba omele elikhulu romanticism bebheke ezincwadini nasemasikweni amaNgisi. Umsebenzi wakhe buvezwa aphuma classicism ukuze romanticism. landscape Kwalo zefilosofi isosha esihlatshelelwayo yindlela engcono yefa olusankondlo emhlabeni.

izici Jikelele

Vordsvort Uilyam kwaba omele okhazimulayo isikhathi kwakhe, umsebenzi wakhe kufanele umongo ubonisa kwenkathi. Ngekhulu le-18 lo mkhuba ovelele kule ezincwadini nasemasikweni amaNgisi kwaba Classicism. Nokho, ekupheleni kwekhulu sekube ukuthambekela ukudlulela isihawu futhi romantic isosha esihlatshelelwayo. Lokhu buvezwa izitayela linqoba kwenkathi, okungukuthi yokuthi ukubaluleka e umcabango kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe kanye izincwadi emisebenzini jikelele ukudlalwa of Rousseau. Kwawenza yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi nemvelo futhi umfanekiso sinemizwa, imizwa, ubuntu Psychology eye yaba nethonya elikhulu endleleni lezi ziyingi elifundile isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kakade ezincwadini nasemasikweni amaNgisi ibonile kwendalo sonnets, imvelo izithombe kanye esihle isosha esihlatshelelwayo. Imisebenzi uWilliam Shakespeare, Chaucer D., D. Milton yaba nethonya elikhulu ku-umsebenzi wezinkondlo.

, Ubusha kanye uhambo

Vordsvort Uilyam wazalwa ngo-1770 e Cumberland County. Wayeyindodana ejenti ukuphathwa ingcebo. Umfana wathunyelwa esikoleni eNorth Lancashire, lapho athola imfundo enhle: watadisha izincwadi zasendulo nesiNgisi, izibalo. Kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu kwaba iqiniso lokuthi ingane wakhulela nemvelo, okuye kwaba phezu ekubumbeni okunomthelela omkhulu. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke ukuthi wathandana namathafa, kamuva elaba indlela eyinhloko emisebenzini yakhe lyrical. Vordsvort Uilyam wabe eseya eCambridge University, lapho wabusa umoya nangombango, okuyinto asikafiki ngendlela ethandwa nguye.

Nokho, kwaba phakathi neminyaka yakhe umfundi isenzakalo esibaluleke kakhulu: eholidini insizwa nomngane wakhe waya kwelinye ngezinyawo laseFrance lapho nje kwenzekile izinxushunxushu wamavukelambuso. Benza okuvelayo ku imbongi. Ndawonye nomngane wakhe efika emaphethelweni echibini e-Italy. Lolu hambo lwaba olubaluleke kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe: bacabanga kusukela kuye Vordsvort Uilyam wabhala umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala omkhulu ( "Hamba"). It kakade ayembule izimiso eyinhloko zokudala izinkondlo Umbhali: inhlanganisela izincazelo ngokwemvelo futhi eyifilosofi. Singasho ukuthi le nkondlo isibe omunye imisebenzi yakhe izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu. Wayesebenza eningi kuwo, nakwesilandelayo, iminyaka yakhe avuthiwe, ukuma, kubuyeketa, futhi ufaka izingxenye ezintsha kuwo.

inguqulelo

Vordsvort Uilyam ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu wazinikela lokusungula senkondlo. Nokho, 1790s babekhona isikhathi esinzima kuye, ngoba kwakuyinkathi yokululama ukudumazeka French Revolution. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is kubuhlungu ziqondakala yokuthi izwe lakhe walwa France. Konke lokhu kuye kwaholela ukucindezeleka, ngakho-ke kuba izinkondlo kwesikhathi okukhulunywa ngaso ngokunyenyeza amnyama. Kodwa, ngenhlanhla, akuhlalanga isikhathi eside, ngoba ngokushesha kakhulu, Uilyam Vordsvort, ogama izinkondlo namanje kwahluka melancholy nokudabuka, ngajwayelana Coleridge, futhi owayengumphathi imbongi. Lokhu isingeniso nje ngonyaka ikhule ibe ubungani eqinile, okuyinto yayikhiqiza kakhulu ukuba abe namandla enani yokubambisana kwawo, futhi ikakhulukazi ngesasasa okudala umlobi.

"Eyishumi Omkhulu"

Yilokho ibizwa ngokuthi inkathi kusukela 1797 kuya 1808 ngo Biography of the imbongi. Vordsvort Uilyam, omisebenzi yakhe manje abe umsindo ezahlukene ngokuphelele, langena isikhathi nomdlandla zokudala. Abangane wakhulelwa ukuthatha uhambo eJalimane futhi ngaphambi Ukuthumela unqume ukukhipha iqoqo imisebenzi olusankondlo okwakufanele ukubonisa imibono yabo izincwadi wesimanje. Coleridge kwakudingeka babhale inkondlo ngendlela evamile, futhi umngane wakhe - enesihawu yothando isosha esihlatshelelwayo. Nokho, okokuqala kufakwe ukuqoqwa ingqikithi ezinhlanu imisebenzi, nalo lonke okungewakho Umhleli yakhe. Isizathu kufanele itholwe e yokuthi Coleridge wathatha ukubhala ballads emoyeni IsiZulu bendabuko, t. E. Esikhathini iziza eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ilunga sina. Nakuba izinkondlo ngolimi lwesiNgisi komngane wakhe kwahluka akhululeke lula. izinhlamvu wakhe wakhuluma kuyaqondakala futhi kufinyeleleke yonke inkulumo, okwakuwuphawu emisha eliyisisekelo ngokokuqala.

izimiso okudala

Leli qoqo Kuyathakazelisa nokuthi edition yayo yesibili esanduleleni Wordsworth wenza isingeniso, elikhombisa imithetho ukuthi ukuqondiswa lapho ebhalela izinkondlo zabo. Wathi ballads yakhe lyrical nezindaba esekelwe ngokoqobo ukuthi akubona futhi kuchazwe indlela kwakubonakala kuye. Futhi ukuphila, imvelo kanye nokuphila imbongi wabona njengoba kubonisa yemvelo yendawo yonke. Wordsworth ukuthi isidingo azibonayo ziveza eziyizungezile ulimi elula, ecacile futhi plain. Wayekholelwa ukuthi akufanele izinkinga lutho uma udala umsebenzi wokubhala njengoba imithetho yemvelo ngokwemvelo, kufanele kuthathwe ngokushesha, ngaphandle philosophizing ezingadingekile. Kulesi isethaphu siqonde kwethonya Rousseau, naye wahlabelela ngezindumiso lokuphila komuntu ithanga bemvelo wagcizelela artificiality zokuphila ezisemadolobheni.

izithombe Key

izinkondlo IsiZulu Wordsworth kuhluke Ukwakheka ayinzima, kodwa sici alandisa inhlanganisela yesithombe bemvelo, nakho okungokomoya ngokucabanga ngokujulile zefilosofi. Sasisisha ezincwadini nasemasikweni amaNgisi yesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsunguli wenze iqhawe kumuntu ovamile yemisebenzi yakhe: emakhasini izinkondlo zakhe kukhona vagrants, ondingasithebeni, iziphanzi, abahwebi abajikelezayo. Lolu hlobo lwe-uhlamvu kwakukusha ezindlebeni ezincwadini nasemasikweni amaNgisi, futhi akubona bonke ngesikhathi esisodwa wayezazisa ukutholakala imbongi. Esikhathini esithile ngisho abahlaziyi bemibhalo ababemgxeka lokuqamba kabusha enjalo.

Esinye isici besithombe izinkondlo zakhe - indoda, isisulu zokungabi nabulungisa emphakathini. Wordsworth ngokucijile kakhulu ukugxekile lokhu impi futhi wabhala idrama ethi "Abantu Frontier," okuyinto ukuboniswa ezethusayo kanye nezisulu zobudlova. Ekugcineni, ingxenye enkulu yefa akhe okudala uthatha isithombe yena. Imbongi ebhala ibhuku ngempilo yakhe ngesimo izinkondlo, ngokuthi "Prelude". It is zihlukaniswa isithombe esinembile kwengqondo nomuntu kanye nesipiliyoni ngokomzwelo yomdlali, ngubani bahlolisisa ngokucophelela indlela yentuthuko akhe okudala njengoba imbongi. Ukubona kombhali Kubalulekile ukuqonda zonke izinkondlo zakhe.

eminye imisebenzi

Izibonelo best of nombhali isosha esihlatshelelwayo yizinkondlo ngemvelo kanye human umphefumulo nakho. Kuyinto uhlobo ikakhulukazi umfanekiso imvelo. Uilyam Vordsvort, "Daffodils" okuyinto ingenye izibonelo best of izinkondlo zakhe lyrical, omkhulu futhi ujabulele ubuhle bomhlaba ezizungezile. Kulesi inkondlo yena sung ubuhle izimbali, in a sonorous ifomu kushisa kakhulu omnandi. Lo msebenzi kuyahluka melodiousness kokuvamile Ukungena.

Omunye wemisebenzi yakhe edumile ibizwa ngokuthi "On iWestminster Bridge." Uilyam Vordsvort ukusungulwa Nokho, i-panorama yaseLondon, yabhekisela hhayi kuphela esezithuthukiswe, kodwa ezintweni zemvelo. Ngokuvamile, umuzi ngokwawo cishe alikho ngemisebenzi imbongi. Ukuyiphi ngokuphelele kuleyo ndawo, emzaneni nendalo.

isikhathi kamuva

Emashumini amabili eminyaka adlule zokuphila imbongi sika zaziphawuleka ngokungabi wokudamba kancane kancane ugqozi lwakhe senkondlo. Ezifundweni etemibhalo ukuhlukanisa phakathi "ekuqaleni" futhi "sekwephuzile" Wordsworth. Futhi uma Esigabeni sokuqala umsebenzi wakhe kwaphawulwa ube nombono ocacile nobunye, isikhathi kamuva libhekene nesimo esindayo kwengqondo. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabikho umonakalo siqu umbhali: wacasuka kakhulu ngokufa udade yakhe ethandekayo, ayehlala nabo ekuphileni zonke zakhe, futhi ukufa kwezingane zakhe ezimbili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, walahlekelwa umfowabo, omuke ngesikhathi omunye izindiza, kanye nomngani wakhe Coleridge. Nokho, ngalesi sikhathi, wadala uchungechunge sonnets enhle nemisebenzi elegiac ukuthi igcwele ukudabuka, usizi nobuhlungu. Lezi bakhe kamuva umsebenzi umthwalo ube mkhulu zefilosofi kunomsebenzi ngaphambili lapho wanqoba ukucatshangelwa elijabulisayo indawo. Imbongi washona ngo-1850 esifundeni efanayo lapho engazalelwa kulo.

nokubaluleka indalo

I izinkondlo of Wordsworth kwaba igxathu esiyingqopha kumiswa IsiZulu Romanticism. Esikhathini ukugxekwa yesimanje etemibhalo ngayo Coleridge kungokwalabo Abadala romantics. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi izinkondlo kombhali akuyona ngokushesha baqashelwa. Kuphela 1830s, impumelelo yakhe ezincwadini ziye umvuzo. Izethameli baba konke kwakhuluma kahle imibhalo yakhe, kanye Queen pha him isihloko imbongi Prize. Wayaziwa eRussia. Ngakho, Pushkin e yakhe kugujwa "Sonnet" okukhulunywa igama imbongi isiZulu njengoba umlobi oqavile.