I-diesel fuel injectors: ukuxilongwa nokulungisa

Inani elikhulu labashayeli libhekene nokuphazamiseka nokusebenza kahle kwezingxenye zamandla kagesi ezitshalo zamandla edizili. Lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla, izici ze-traction, ukusebenza ngeziphazamiso. Imbangela yalokhu konke kungaba yi-injection fuel diesel engafanele noma izingxenye zabo ezimele.

Inqubo yokudlulisa umjovo

Ukunikezwa kwamandla kwe-injini kuvela e-tank, kusukela lapho uphethiloli uthathwa yi-pump high pressure. Emva kwalokho, lihamba ngesistimu yokudonsa ngokuhlanganyela eceleni kombhobho ngamunye kanye namakamelo okushisa ama-cylinders.

Lapho ukucindezeleka okudingekayo kufinyelelwe, inaliti ye-plunger inqoba amandla okuphuma entwasahlobo futhi ikhuphuke, okwenza kube nomjovo. Kubalulekile ukuthi imvamisa yomsebenzi igcinwe - i-plunger kumele ivule futhi ivaliwe ngesikhathi. Endabeni yokungavali, ukuzinza kwezimoto ngeke kwenzeke ngenxa yokungabikho kokuphalaza.

Ukugxekwa kwenzeka ngenxa yokushisa okucindezelayo - i-fuel kufanele ihanjiswe ku-cylinder ngesimo sezinhlayiyana ezincane kakhulu ze-hygroscopic. Ingxenye yendilinga ayihlonywanga nge-sealant, ngakho-ke, ngezinye ze-backlashes, ingxube ingangena ekamelweni lendlela yokwenziwa kwentwasahlobo enomshini wokubamba iqhaza.

Ukuze kususwe amafutha, isiteshi sokubuyiselwa sinikezwa ukuze ipuler ingavaliwe. Kukhona amantongomane engxenyeni okusetshenziselwa ukulawula ukucindezelwa komjovo. Umzimba onamakhemikhali wendlela uhlanganiswe isherher clamping.

Izakhi ezikhona

Ama-injection ye-fuel injini ye-diesel ane-hull, izinhlelo zokuhamba kwe-diesel, i- plunger pair (inaliti, i-pusher, i-spring), ukuhlinzeka ngamapetroli nokukhishwa kwamagumbi, nesihlalo sendilinga ye-plunger.

Iziteshi zenzelwe ukuletha amandla kusuka epompo. Intwasahlobo kumele isebenze ekucindezelekeni okuthile, ukuze inaliti ikhishwe ngesikhathi, ukwakhiwa kwe-flare yokuphalaza kwenziwa, futhi igumbi lokushisa lamasilinda enjini linikezwa. Awekho futhi ama-gaskets okufaka uphawu - konke kuqinisekiswa ngokucacile kwezakhi zokukhiqiza.

Yini engavimbela ukupunga okuvamile

Ukwakhiwa kwenqubo yokuqothula okuxubile kuncike esimweni esihle sempilo yasentwasahlobo, i-pusher kanye nokuba khona kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yezingxenye ezivimbela ukuvalwa kwesistimu. Ngaphansi kwethonya lamandla athile, i-plunger inaliti igxiliwe emzimbeni, ivimbela ukuvalwa okugcwele.

Ukuze uvikele emiphumeleni enjalo, isakhiwo sinikezwe umgqugquzeli, sithatha imithwalo yemithwalo yangaphambili, ebangelwa ukuvuthwa kwentwasahlobo. Kodwa kungase kungenzi imisebenzi yayo njengomphumela wokubonakala kwensimbi. Khona-ke udinga ukufaka esikhundleni se-pusher noma inqubo yokwasahlobo. Isidingo sokushintsha icala sivela ngokweqile kakhulu.

Indlela yokuqeda ama-injection fuel diesel

Wonke umsebenzi wenziwa nge-nonoperative plant plant ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokuphepha.

Ekuqaleni, kufanele uhlole isayithi ngokungcola nezinye izinhlayiya ezidlulayo.

Ngemuva kwalokhu, udinga ukuhlanza ngokuphelele indawo yokufika, usule ngamagundane bese uwashaya emoyeni ocindezelekile, usebenzisa umshini wokuhlanza ovuthayo osebenzayo noma i-compressor. Kuzodinga isethi yokuthola isikrini ukuze uvule ukudonsa okuyisisekelo nokubuyisela.

Ukususwa kanye nokushintshwa kwama-atomizer ophethiloli kwenziwa yinhloko noma i-pipe wrench. Ukusebenzisa (ukuphikisa le ngxenye) amathuluzi we-carob ayithandeki kakhulu - kukhona ingozi yokuguqulwa kobuso. Futhi lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ngesikhathi sokususwa noma ukuphoqeleka ukushintsha ingxenye yecala.

Ngemuva kokukhipha umbukiso, hlaziya kahle ukufakwa kahle kanye nazo zonke izixhumi zokuxhuma. Ukutholakala kwezinhlayiya ze-weeding emcimbini kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ekubambeni kwabantu kanye nombuso wonke ohlangene.

Ngemuva kokuhlanza, sibeka ama-washers kanye nokufaka izigxobo zokufakelwa ama-injection ezenziwe ngethusi. Indawo yokutshala kumele iphathwe nge-graphite lubricant. Isimo esihle sokuxhumeka sizovumela ukuthi ingxenye iguquke kuze kube sekupheleni, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma yimiphi imizamo. Isihluthulelo kufanele sithinteke ngokulinganisela futhi siqhubeke nokuxhumeka kwamapayipi amapayipi.

Iziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa abaphamuzi

Ingxenye ebalulekile yabathanda imoto kaningi iphazamisa inkinga yokuqala kwenjini.

Kulesi simo, kunomphumela womsebenzi wokuqala, kodwa esikhathini esifushane ukusebenza okungaqiniseki kuboniswa. Isizathu singase sibe isimo esinganelisayo noma ukusebenza okungalungile kwe-nebulizers.

Kukhona amacala lapho inani elingafani elingafeli lika-diesel linikezwa kuma-cylinders futhi lokhu kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwalo. Noma ngabe ukuhlinzeka kuncane kakhulu ukuze isithuthuthu sisebenze ngendlela evamile. Kungenzeka futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ukupompela izinga eliphezulu.

Uma ungaphenduli isikhathi ngesikhathi sezimpawu ezinjalo, ungadinga ukufaka esikhundleni sezinjectject. Ukusebenza kwezingxenye zamandla kunquma ukusebenza okuqinile kwesitshalo samandla.

Ungashintsha kanjani isibhamu se-spray

Ukuqalisa isisombululo senkinga yokubeka izakhi ezintsha, ukuthenga kwabo kuyodingeka. Futhi lapho kukhona izakhi, kuyadingeka ukuba uqede ama-injection fuel diesel, ngokulandela izincomo zokuqaliswa okufanele kulezi zenzo.

Okulandelayo, udinga ukuhlukanisa izingxenye, ukufaka esikhundleni se-spray unit bese uhlangana ngokulandelana okulandelanayo. Kubalulekile ukukhipha ithuba lokungena ngaphakathi kwedivaysi kanye nendawo yokuxubha izinhlayiya zokungcola kanye nama-mechanical abrasive. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni okusheshayo kwezingxenye ezintsha noma ukusebenza kwabo okunganeliseki. Zonke izakhi kufanele zigezwe eziqukathi ngephethilili ehlanzekile.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi phakathi nayo yonke imisebenzi, kuyadingeka ukumboza ukuvuleka kanye nezitolo zamapayipi amapayipi anezikhwama zokuzivikela.

Ukubeka injini ngaphandle kokuhlola ukusebenza kwezinxenye ngeke kulethe umphumela oyifunayo. Ukuma ukuhlola ama-injection kuzosiza ekunqumeni nokulungisa imingcele edingekayo.

Iyini i-algorithm yokubeka imingcele yemigomo

Uma ukuqhutshwa komsebenzi kwenziwa, okwenza kube khona izingxenye noma izingxenye zomuntu ngamunye, kuzodingeka ukuthi unqume futhi ulawule ukusebenza. Ekhaya, kunzima kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi enzima kangaka ngaphandle kokusebenza kahle.

Imishini yokuhlola ibhethri yezimoto iyabiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukuvakashela i-workshop ekhethekile lapho kukhona ukuma kokuhlolwa kwabajectject. Amawindi azohlola futhi alungise izinkomba ezilandelayo:

• Ilinganiswe ukucindezela ukusebenza komjovo;
• Ukulungiswa kwe-spray flare: ngaphambi kwenaliti ye-plunger isebenza ezimisweni zokucindezela ezisethiwe, noma yikuphi ukuvuza noma ama-jets of fuel akuvunyelwe;
• Ukuhlola i-conray ye-spray, okumele ibe nemingcele ecacile futhi isebenze ekuqondeni kusuka emgodini ngaphandle kokuhamba endaweni ngayiphi indlela;
• Ukulungiswa kwenqubo yomsebenzi.

Ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo nalabo lapho izibhamu ziphakanyiswa khona. Ukuqinisekiswa kwenzeka ngokulayishwa komsebenzi wangempela.

Ezimweni ze-SRT, kungenzeka ukwenza ukuhlanzwa kwe-ultrasonic kwezakhi zesistimu yamandla.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwehlisa izingxenye zokunikezela kukafutha

I-diesel fuel injectors ivame ukungabi nhlobo noma ukuvala ingqikithi. Inkinga ukubunjwa kwamafutha. Iqukethe izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlayiya. Kunezindlela ezinjalo zokususa ukhula:

1. Ungasusi izakhi kusuka injini, ngokungeza izithasiselo zamakhemikhali ezikhethekile ze-tank refueling. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukungcoliswa kuzosulwa futhi kususwe ohlelweni.
2. Ukuhlanzwa ngamadivayisi we-ultrasonic. Izingxenye zitholakala ngaphakathi ekamelweni lokusebenza ledivayisi, futhi ngaphansi kwethonya lamagagasi aphansi, ama-deposit ahlukahlukene asusiwe. Le nqubo ayithathi isikhathi esiningi nemali, kodwa inikeza imiphumela emihle.
3. Ukuzihlanza ngamathangi nge diesel ehlanzekile noma uphethiloli. Kungabanjwa ekhaya noma egaraji, lokhu ngeke kubangele ubunzima.
4. Ukuhlanza ama-deposit resinous ngosizo lwamathuluzi akhethekile emasimini.

Uma izinkinga zingatholakali ngesikhathi futhi isevisi yenziwe, ama-injection angadinga ukushintshwa.

Iyini izindleko zezingxenye zesistimu yamandla

Ukuthengwa kwamadivayisi anikezela ugesi ekamelweni lokushisa lamandla kagesi e-diesel akuyona ibhizinisi elishibhile.

Kuye ngokuthi umkhiqizo, imodeli yemoto nomkhiqizi, amanani edizili kagesi ama-nozzle agcinwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele ye-ruble eyi-10 kuya ku-25, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho nangaphezulu. Ukukhishwa okukhulu kwezingxenye ezinjalo eziteshini zesevisi kuzobiza kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-9 000 i-ruble ngayinye.

Ubukhulu bomshini wamashubhu amasistimu okuhambisa amabhomu

Ngokuklama kanye nemigomo yokusebenza, lezi zinhlobo zombukiso zilandelayo:

• Imishini. Lezi zakhi zifakiwe emotweni yamabhayisikobho zakuqala kanye namatrakta. Banobunjwa obuqondakalayo kanye ne-algorithm elula yokusebenza okuhlanganiswa;
• I-Electromechanical. Zikhona ezimotweni zangaphandle zesikhathi esiphakathi;
• I-piezoelectric. Intuthuko yakamuva, ekhona kulabo abakhiqizi bezimoto ezakhiwe kamuva. Zihlukile ekwakheni okuyinkimbinkimbi nezindleko eziphakeme.

Izinto zokwenza izibhamu zinezinhlobo eziningi. Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe eziyinhloko zethusi, titanium alloys, i-silicon carbide, kanye nama-alloys akhethekile amashayeli angenasinhla aqinile.

Ukuphila kwemisebenzi yezici ezinjalo kuxhomeke kumamoya okusebenza kanye nemithonya eyingozi futhi ingaba ngamashumi eminyaka eminyaka yomsebenzi ojulile. Kuzodingeka kuphela ukufaka izingxenye esikhundleni.