Umlando Okugcwele Stepana Bandery

January 1, 1909 edolobhaneni elidala Ugryniv Galicia wazalwa UStepan Andreevich Bandera - ideologue futhi omunye wabasunguli be-ukunyakaza ubuzwe e-Ukraine. umsebenzi wayo namanje kuyindaba yokukhathalelwa impikiswano enkulu, yize kusukela inqubomgomo kokubulawa Sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-56. Ukusiza ukuqonda imfihlo sikhalo salo kwabanye imibono yabantu, kwangathi biography Stepana Bandery.

umndeni

Abazali bakhe abantu amakholwa aqotho futhi Ihlobene ngokuseduze lesiGreki Catholic (Uniate) eBandleni. Ubaba UStepan - Andrei Mikhailovich - yayiba umpristi lesifunda futhi imatasa ekugqugquzeleni imibono ubuzwe Ukraine. Ngo-1919 ngisho wakhethwa ukuba National Rada ZUNR, bese wayelwa ibutho Denikin. Ngemva kulwiwa, Andrei Mikhailovich waphindela esigodini lwakubo, futhi baqhubeka bekhonza kumpristi wendawo.

Umama UStepan - Miroslava Vladimirovna - nakho kuvele umpristi emndenini. Yingakho izingane, futhi kukhona Sasiyisithupha abangu wakhulela umoya okunenjongo amagugu umzali nokuzinikela imibono ubuzwe Ukraine.

UStepan Bandera Biography: Childhood

Umndeni wawuhlala endlini encane, okuyinto ayelungiselela ukuhola ebandleni. Ngokusho ofakazi, abangekho biography ajwayelekile Stepana Bandery, yakhulela umfana ozinikele futhi zalalela. Ngakho kakade esikoleni esiphakeme, wazama ukwakha intando eqinile, isibonelo, yisiphepho ngamanzi abandayo ebusika kuka wathola isifo emalungeni phezu konke ukuphila kwakhe.

Ukuya esikoleni, uStepan washiya ikhaya sisebancane impela abazali sathuthela edolobheni Stry nogogo nomkhulu. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi wathola isipiliyoni kuqala izindaba zezombangazwe, futhi owayevelele njengenceku umuntu amakhono esihle yenhlangano. Ngakho, Bandera wathatha indzima emisebentini izinhlangano zezombusazwe ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise i-Union of Ukraine wobandlululo Youth.

Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme, wabuyela Stjepan Ugryniv, waqala ukuhlela isizwe abasha ngisho wadala ikhwaya wendawo.

Ukwakhiwa e njengoba umholi ukunyakaza ubuzwe

Ukubhalisa 1929 Polytechnic School laseLviv, uStepan Bender baqhubeka nemisebenzi yakhe yezombusazwe.

Kwakuyinkathi enzima. Njengoba kule ngxenye ngokuphelele-nomqondo emphakathini liyakhula Ukunganeliseki neziphathimandla Polish, ngokuya kuzibonakalisa Organization Ukrainian isizwe. It ukwenza izenzo zobuphekula, fighters zayo ehlaselwa isitimela imeyli nekugwema betembusave. Futhi, njengoba impendulo ubuphekula kanye nemibhikisho uqale repressions mass iziphathimandla.

Esikhathini 30s of Bandera, ngaphambili wahlanganyela ikakhulu ze, ekubeni omunye wabaholi kunazo asebenzayo we-Oun. Washaywa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphansi ukuboshwa emfushane, ikakhulukazi i-nokusakazwa kwezincwadi anti-Polish. Phela, biography Stepana Bandery kule nkathi iqukethe Amakhasi amnyama eziningi. Ikakhulukazi, ngokusho kwabanye imithombo, ngo-1932 ngaphansi kokuqondisa ochwepheshe German waqeqeshwa ekhethekile intelligence zesikole eDanzig.

Nokho, umsebenzi Bandera abasezikhundleni ebalulekile Oun kwakuhunyushwa ibingaba eyesikhashana ngempela. Ngo-1934, waboshwa futhi ke wagwetshwa alengiswe ukulungiswa Bronisław Peratskogo ukubulala - uNgqongqoshe Polish Wezangaphakathi. Nokho, isigwebo sokufa bese sashintshwa udilikajele.

Imisebenzi phakathi kweJalimane

Ngo-1939, ngemva Poland wahlaselwa eJalimane, Bandera UStepan, ogama biography uhlala kuyindaba nesithakazelo abacwaningi yomlando eziseMpumalanga Yurophu kwekhulu lama-20, ephunyuka ejele. Ufuna ukubuyisela usithonye ubuholi Oun futhi uzoqhubeka elwela izimiso ubuzwe Ukrainian, kodwa ubhekene nezinselele eziningana.

Njengoba, Galicia naseVolyn, ababe ekuqaleni elalaziwa izikhungo umzukuzuku ukudala Ukraine eNgophezukonke ngaleso sikhathi baba yingxenye yesikwati sika-USSR, futhi umsebenzi ubuzwe baba nzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phezulu le Oun kwakungekho ubunye. Abasekeli omunye umholi walo - Andreya Melnika - babe esivuna umfelandawonye eJalimane lobuNazi.

Bandera okunjalo kungenzeka is categorically wamlahla uyaqonda ukuthi buholi betepolitiki abahlaseli ayengeke azamukele sovereignty of Ukraine.

Umehluko ukufinyelela izibhelu evulekile. I udweshu phakathi ngamaqembu we Oun ikhuthaza Bender ukwenza iqoqo amabutho ahlomile. Ethembele kubo, yena ungakwesokunene umhlangano e Lviv, ngo-1941, umemezela ukusungulwa geqe Ukraine.

eJalimane

Ukusabela iziphathimandla umsebenzi Akuzange kwaphela isikhathi eside ukufika. UStepan Bandera, Biography iDemo okuyinto ajwayelekile zonke wesikole Ukrainian, nge uzakwabo Yaroslav Stetsko waboshwa amaGestapo ethunyelwe Berlin. Abasebenzi amasevisi German ekhethekile okunikelwe umholi we Oun nawo futhi bawasekele. Yimbuyiselo yalokhu anakho ukuyeka ukuzimela ze Ukraine. Kodwa akazange azamukele ukuthi isiphakamiso futhi Kwakuthi lapho sezingenile ekamu lokuhlushwa laseSachsenhausen, lapho yahlala khona kuze 1944.

Nokho, uzokwenza kumelwe kuthiwe wayelapho e ngempela ezenza, baba ngisho nethuba lokuhlangana umkakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Bandera, kuyilapho eSachsenhausen, wabhala futhi wathumela ekhaya izihloko nemibhalo Okuqukethwe kwezepolitiki. Ngokwesibonelo, nguye umbhali wencwadi ethi "Umzabalazo kanye nemisebenzi ye-Oun (b) ngesikhathi sempi," egxile indima izenzo zodlame, kuhlanganise yobuhlanga.

Ngokwezinye izazi-mlando, biography Stepana Bandery esikhathini kusuka ngo-1939 kuya ku-1945-ke kudinga icwaningwa kahle. Ikakhulukazi, ngokusho kwabanye imithombo, ngenkuthalo wabambisana ne Abwehr futhi yayilungiselela kwesimo endaweni, ngaphandle, Nokho, enika yizinkolelo zabo ezibheke eceleni.

ngemva kwempi,

Ngemva kokunqotshwa wobushiqela Bandera UStepan, ogama biography yayisiboshwe kaningi ngaphansi "kabusha ngokubhala" esivuna elilodwa noma kwenye amabutho sezombusazwe sasilokhu eNtshonalanga Jalimane, bafike bazinza Munich, lapho kufika nomkakhe nezingane. Waqhubeka nomsebenzi zezombusazwe, njengoba omunye wabaholi Oun, abaningi enamalungu futhi bathuthela eJalimane noma baye bakhululwa emakamu. Abasekeli Bandera waveza isidingo ukukhetha kuye njengenhloko yenhlangano ukuphila. Nokho, lokhu akuzange uyavuma, labo ababekholelwa ukuthi iqondise imisebenzi izinhlangano ubuzwe kufanele kube endaweni ye-Ukraine. I-agumenti main esivuna isikhundla yabo, waveza ukuthi kuphela ngokuba kuyo leyo ndawo, singakwazi soberly ukuhlola isimo, okuyinto eye kwashintsha kakhulu phakathi nempi.

Bezama ukwandisa isibalo abasekeli bayo, uStepan Bandera (biography iDemo ethulwa ngenhla) asungula inhlangano ABN - izizwe Antibolshevistkogo Bloc, eliholwa ngoJarosław Stetsko.

Ngo-1947 wagcina babesuke Oun ungavumelani isikhundla sakhe isizwe, futhi wakhethwa umholi wayo.

ukufa

Sekuyisikhathi akutshele mayelana ikhasi lokugcina, eyaqedwa biography Stepana Bandery. Ngokusho inguqulo evamile, wabulawa yi-NKVD Bogdan Stashinsky. Kwathi ngo-1959, ku-15 Okthoba. Umbulali wayelinde Inqubomgomo ngesikhathi emnyango wendlu, wamdubula ebusweni isibhamu nge isipetu, eyayinekheli cyanide. Bender Washona ngo-ambulensi, kubangelwa omakhelwane, futhi ungalokothi ephaphama.

Ezinye izinguqulo lokubulala

Kodwa kuthiwa UStepan Bandera (biography, izithombe zazo eboniswe ngenhla) wabulawa yiSoviet imfihlo inkonzo ejenti? Kukhona izinguqulo eziningi. Okokuqala, ngosuku lokubulala Bandera ngasizathu simbe wathumela nonogada bakhe. Okwesibili, kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa ukubaluleka zayo ngalesi sikhathi Bandera alinaso ingozi njengoba isibalo zezombusazwe. Okungenani i-USSR. Futhi NKVD kwakungadingeki kwaba ekubulaweni abavelele esidlule ubuzwe. Okwesithathu, Stashinsky wagwetshwa isijeziso sasivumela okuthambile - iminyaka 8 ejele. By the way, kusale ku inkululeko, wavele wanyamalala.

On inguqulo iimsebenzi eyaziwa kancani, Bandera wabulala omunye wozakwabo wangaphambili, noma ummeleli Western amasevisi ukukhalipha, okuyinto kungenzeka.

Isiphetho amalungu omndeni

Stepana Bandery ubaba waboshwa NKVD Meyi 22, 1941 futhi wabulawa emasontweni amabili ngemva kokuba amaNazi enqobe eSoviet Union. komfowabo u-Alexander ahlala isikhathi eside e-Italy. Ngesikhathi kuqala impi, wafika emzini, waboshwa amaGestapo washona ngo -Auschwitz. Omunye umzalwane Stepana Bandery - Basil - wayebuye abe sibalo abakhuthele Ukrainian ukunyakaza ubuzwe. Ngo-1942 wayiswa e-Auschwitz ngamabutho German ayebusa futhi wabulala rangers-nabasePoland.

ubugebengu

Namuhla e-Ukraine kunabantu abaningi ngubani ngihloniphe Stepana Banderu cishe njengoba njengomuntu olungile. I isifiso sokuthola inkululeko yokuzibusa yezwe lenkaba yawo - imbangela esihle, kodwa ubuzwe Akupheli ekudumiseni abantu bakhe. Wayedinga njalo ukuze afakazele ukuphakama yabo ngumakhelwane ezilulazayo, noma okubi nakakhulu, ukumbhubhisa ngokwenyama. Ikakhulukazi, izazi-mlando eziningi European futhi Russian ucabangele namaqiniso efakazelwe ukuhileleka Bandera ukuze naseVolyn lwalesi sibhicongo, lapho kwafa khona izinkulungwane nabasePoland nase-Armenia Katolika babulawa, okuyinto Bandera kwakubhekwa "amaJuda yesibili."

Bandera UStepan, biography, ubugebengu nemisebenzi edinga isifundo esijulile, - ubunikazi kuyadida, kodwa ngokuqinisekile ngeke abavamile. Igama lakhe manje uyaqhubeka abe uphawu ukunyakaza ubuzwe futhi usenza ezinye hot futhi, sizothini, hhayi kakhulu ubuchopho ohlakaniphile ukuba benze okufana izenzo ezinyantisayo njengoba amabhomu izindawo zokuhlala emadolobheni abo.