Ukuzithoba kunomqondo owenzeka, empeleni, ovela enkolweni yesiLatin yomuntu - "umuntu". Ngakho-ke, leli gama lingashintshwa ngokoqobo ngokuthi "humanizing". Futhi ukuthi isebenza kunoma yisiphi isenzo nenqubo, manje sizoqiniseka.
Ukuzalwa komuntu
Lo mqondo uzalwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kabusha. Emakhulwini eminyaka edlule I-scholasticism kanye nemfundiso yobuKristu yayitshela ukuthi isithakazelo esikhulu somuntu kufanele sibe yinkolo. Zonke izifiso kufanele ukuthi zihlotshaniswe nemithandazo yokuthethelelwa kukaNkulunkulu nokufuna ukuhlanzwa komuntu phambi kukaNkulunkulu. Izincwadi, ubuciko kanye nazo zonke ezinye amagatsha zobuciko isikhathi eside zazingaphansi kwesonto kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayezithoba kuzo zonke izici zokuphila komuntu. Izithakazelo zeSonto zachazwa yizinhlangano zempi kanye nezinguquko zaseYurophu, ukuchazwa komlando nemithetho yezwe elizungezile. Indlela yokuphila yamakhosi nabasimilayo yayinqunywe abaholi abangokomoya abaye baphila impilo yomphakathi eYurophu amakhulu eminyaka. Ezimweni ezinjengaleyo, umuntu ubonakala njengothuli olungenasidingo, elingenalutho emhlabeni. ISonto lalibhekene nezindaba eziningi zomhlaba jikelele zomhlaba, okungafani nakho okungajabulisi emhlabeni okungajabuli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babevame ukuphikisana nezinkolo zesonto futhi bekungemthetho. Nge-Renaissance, izibalo ezivelele zamasiko aseYurophu, njengoBoccaccio, Petrarch, Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas More nabanye, abuyisele isithakazelo hhayi kuphela e-Antiquity, kodwa nangomuntu ngokwakhe, umzimba wakhe nobuntu bakhe. Ukudweba kanye nobuciko, obonisa umuntu kuzo zonke izici zakhe nezidumbu zakhe, ziye zaqhakaza. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlenga abantu ukukhula kwenzalo kumuntu nobuntu bakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le nkathi idala izindlela ezintsha zefilosofi, ezenhlalakahle nezomnotho. Ukutholakala okukhulu kwemvelo, inkinga ye-feudalism, ukuqoqwa kokuqala kwezimali kanye nenkinga yokuqhathaniswa komphakathi kubangelwa ukuvela kwemibono ehlobene namalungelo omuntu ngamunye. Kulokhu, ukuhlaziywa kwabantu kuyisimo esisha sezinto ezithandwa umuntu othile ngaphambi komgomo ophakeme, kuqala kunabo bonke abanye. Ngakho-ke, amalungelo omuntu okuphila, inkululeko kanye nempahla yangasese yazalwa. Ilungelo lokukhetha igunya kanye nethuba lokukhethwa njalo njalo. Le nqubo yenza ubuntu buntu bube yinto ephakeme kakhulu futhi kuqala.
Ubuntu neminye imiphakathi
Umfundi oqaphele, mhlawumbe ucatshangelwe kakade: kungani ukungabikho kwemvelo kwazalwa lapho kungekho khona imfundiso eqinile njengokwenkolo yobuKristu? Imiphakathi enezimiso ezinzima kakhulu zokuphila, yebo, yayiyi. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlenga abantu kuseyingane yaseYurophu. Okokuqala, ngoba umqondo wokubaluleka komuntu othile uvela lapha. Ukuzimela komunye umuntu njengento ebalulekile yobuntu akukaze kube khona eChina, ezweni lama-Arab, noma phakathi kwemiphakathi yaseMesoamerican. Futhi wafika kuleli zwekazi kuphela ngekolonialism. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqondene nokuthi wayekujwayele kangakanani, izazi zezenhlalo kanye nezazi-mlando ziphikisa namuhla.
Isimo samanje
Ngokuthuthukiswa kobudlelwano bezenhlalakahle kanye nomcabango womphakathi, ubuntu njengemfundiso Yathuthuka phambili futhi yanda kakhulu imiphakathi yethu. Ezweni lanamuhla, ukuhlaziywa kwabantu kuyilungiselelo lazo zonke izigaba zomsebenzi ezinokuphepha okuphezulu kubantu abathintekayo kulo. Ukuphepha akuyona nje kuphela impilo nokuphila, kodwa namalungelo omuntu siqu. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kwemisebenzi kubonisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuphathwa komsebenzi wezabasebenzi. Umgomo wale nqubo ukuhlinzeka isisebenzi ngamathuba amakhulu kakhulu okuveza amathuba akhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha komsebenzi, ukusabalalisa okuhle kwemiphumela kanye nokuphathwa kwentando yeningi. Futhi, ukuhlaziywa komthetho wezobugebengu kuyinkqubo ende efundwa ngabachwepheshe futhi iqukethe ukunciphisa izijeziso ngokusekelwe ekucatshangweni ukuthi umenzi wobugebengu unamalungelo athile futhi angavuselelwa ngezindlela ezincane. Isibonelo ukuqedwa kwesigwebo sokufa emazweni amaningi emhlabeni.