Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane yengane: izinkathi nezigaba ngesithombe. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane yezinyanga ezinyangeni

Umjikelezo wokuphila komuntu uchungechunge lokunqoba nokuncintisana, injabulo nokudabuka. Futhi esinye sezimpumelelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuzalwa kwengane. Lesi yisikhathi lapho umuntu egqoke imizwelo ejabulayo eqala ukuzizwa efanelekile futhi edingekayo. Izingane ziyizimbali zokuphila, ezenza ingxenye yazo yokuphila kwabazali babo futhi zibenza zikhumbule izinkumbulo zobuntwana babo.

Ukuphila kwengane kuqala kusukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwayo, futhi, ngokuqinisekile, kubaluleke kakhulu kubazali besikhathi esizayo ukuba balandele indlela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine kwengane kwenzeka ngayo. Ukukhulelwa konke kunamasonto angu-40 futhi ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu.

Izinyathelo zokuthuthukiswa

Izinyathelo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine yengane ekusebenzeni kwe-obstetric ngokuvamile zibizwa ngokuthi i-trimester. Lolu uhlobo lokuhlukaniswa kokukhulelwa konke kube yisikhathi esifanayo, ngokuhlola ukuthi ingane ihlolwe kanjani, ukuhlola kanye ne-ultrasound kunqunywe, futhi idatha ye-anthropometric yowesifazane okhulelwe iyalinganiswa. Ukubukeka kwanoma yikuphi ushintsho lwezinto eziphilayo nezengqondo ezithombeni zomama wesikhathi esizayo kuyisici se-trimester ethile, futhi uma kungenayo i-pathological, khona-ke kubhekwa njengesijwayelekile.

I trimester

Iqala ngeviki elilodwa bese liphela ngo-13. Lesi sigaba sibhekwa njengengozi kakhulu, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi iqanda lesisu lihambisana nodonga lwesibindi, uma lokhu kungenzeki, ukukhulelwa akukwenzeka. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi uqala ukwakha ukuqala kwezigungu nezicubu ezizayo, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi ukuqapha ukudla kwakho, ukuphumula ngesikhathi futhi uvame ukuphuma emoyeni omusha. Ngalesi sigaba, owesifazane angathola lesi sibonakaliso esingathandeki njenge-toxicosis. Kulokhu akukho lutho lokukhathazeka ngalo, uma lingenalo uhlamvu oluyimfihlo kakhulu futhi olukhulile, kulokhu kungcono ukubonana nodokotela. Abanye besifazane ku-trimester yokuqala bangathola izinguquko ezinjalo:

• Ukuphulwa kokubona ukunambitheka kokudla;
• Izinguquko ezivamile zemizwelo;
• Ukubonakala kokulala nokukhwabanisa.

Konke lokhu, kaningi, kuhlotshaniswa noshintsho emlandweni we-hormonal kanye nokuqala komzimba wokulungiselela ukubeletha nokuzalwa kwengane.

II trimester

Iqala ngamaviki angu-14 bese iphela ngo-26. Le trimester ibonakala njengenkathi epholile kakhulu futhi enhle yokukhulelwa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane yokuqhubeka kwengane kuqhubeka, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuvela izinzwa ezintsha - lokhu kuyi-stimulant of the baby, umama okhulelwe oqala ukuzwa ngokucacile. Ku-primiparas, lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi samasonto angu-18-24, kanti uma kwenzeka ama-moles, ungabona kusukela eneminyaka engu-13, ngoba sebevele babeletha ngaphambili futhi bazi ukuthi kuyini.

III trimester

Iqala kusukela ngesonto lama-27 futhi iphetha ngokubeletha. Inkathi yokuphepha kwengane ephephile kakhulu yentuthuko yengane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhululekile kakhulu. Ingane isivele isivele isakhiwe futhi esimweni sokuqala komsebenzi isilungele ukuhlala okuzimele. Owesifazane okhulelwe uqala ukuba nomuzwa wokukhathazeka nokwesaba, ukunyakaza okuvamile kwengane kuhluke kakhulu futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ungabona ngisho nokuthi isisu "siyahamba" kanjani. Kunezimbonakaliso ezinjalo ezinjengekuphefumula nokuphefumula ngenxa yokucindezela kwesibeletho esikhulisiwe esiswini nasenxantathu.

Izikhathi zokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine

Inqubo yomzimba yokuthuthukiswa kwengane ihlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezintathu:

1. I-Embryonic (kuze kube amasonto angu-8) iyona ebaluleke kunayo yonke. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umsebenzi osebenza ngokuzikhandla wenzelwa wonke umzimba wesifazane - ukuzalwa kwamaqabunga amathathu, okuzayo esikhathini esizayo okuhlukaniswa ngezindlela ezintathu ezihlukene: iqabunga langaphandle liyi-placenta yesikhathi esizayo nomlenze wesisu, isigaba esiphakamisayo senza ama-skeleton, isikhumba nemisipha, futhi ngaphakathi kungenxa yesisekelo sangaphakathi esizayo Amalungu.
2. I-Fetal (kusukela emavikini ayisishiyagalolunye ngaphambi kokuzalwa) - ngalesi sikhathi ingane ibizwa ngokuthi i-fetus futhi ingozi yokulahlekelwa ingane iyancipha kakhulu. Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesithathu yokukhulelwa, ukubeka izitho nama-tishu sekuphela, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwazo kuqinisiwe. Ukukhula kwekhanda kunciphisa futhi kancane kancane kuqhathanise nomzimba, ngemva kwalokho umzimba uqala ukukhula ngokushesha kunenhloko. Umuntu uqala ukuthola izici zomuntu, futhi ngokuzala okukhulile kunokwenzeka ukunquma ubulili bomntwana. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuze kube sekuzalweni ukuqhubeka kwengane yentuthuko yengane, isithombe ngezansi sibonisa kahle.

I-Ultrasound ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Njengamanje, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe Imisebenzi ebalulekile ye-fetus nokutholakala kwezinkinga zokuzalwa ezingenayo. Ingqikithi yesikhathi sonke sokukhulelwa, le nqubo kufanele igcwaliswe izikhathi ezingu-3-4. Isikhathi sokuqala ngamasonto angu-12, owesibili - 21-24, okwesithathu - amasonto angu-32. Phakathi nale nqubo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi:

• Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine yengane;
• Ukukhula kokukhulelwa;
• Isisindo nokuphakama kwengane;
• Isikhundla saso emgodini wesibeletho;
• Ubukhona bokungalungi okuzalwa;
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona intambo encane yomlomo;
• Isimo se-placenta ne-amniotic fluid, kanye nenombolo yabo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane yezinyanga ezinyangeni

Inyanga eyodwa. Ngenyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa, azikho izinguquko ezikhethekile emzimbeni wesifazane. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukukhulelwa kweqanda ne-sperm kwenzeka kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-zygote, okuzohlukanisa futhi ithunyelwe emgodini wesibindi.

Inyanga engu-2. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane enyangeni yesibili kubonakala ukuthi umntwana usuvele edala imilenze futhi ephethe, futhi kuzo iminwe. Zonke izinhlelo zangaphakathi zithuthuka futhi inhliziyo iqala ukushaya ngevolumu yezingu 140-150 ngomzuzu. Isisindo sesithelo singama-4-5 g, futhi ukuphakama kuyinto 2.4-3 cm.

Inyanga engu-3. Le nyanga iphetha u- 1 trimester wokukhulelwa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane kuqhubeka, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingcingo, ulimi, izinwele nezipikili ziqala ukwakha. Amadayimenti okuqala amazinyo avela emgodini womlomo. Izinqubo zokugaya nokujikeleza ziqala umsebenzi wazo.

Inyanga engu-4. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi ingane iba sikhulu. Zonke izitho zakhe nezinhlelo zisebenza ngentshiseko, futhi ingane ngokwayo isivele iyakwazi ukugoba nokuguqula izitho, imilenze imilenze. Kuzo izinguquko ezikhethekile kungaphawulwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-cortex ye-cerebral, i-auricles nokubonakala kwephethini ngamanye amathiphu weminwe encane, futhi ingane iyaba nezwi emisindeni yangaphandle.

Inyanga engu-5. Zonke izinhlelo nezinhlaka ziyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa. Uma sikhuluma ngentuthuko yengane ngezinyanga, inyanga yesihlanu mhlawumbe iyakhumbula kakhulu okokuqala owesifazane okhulelwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, angazizwa evuselela ingane futhi ezwa ingane ngaphakathi kwayo. Amapayipi asakathuthuki, ngakho kufanele uqaphele kangcono impilo yakho ukuze ugweme ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Inyanga engu-6. Le nyanga yokukhulelwa ithatha izinguquko eziningi ekuthuthukiseni i-fetus. Ngalesi sikhathi, wayefunde ukuvula nokuvala amehlo, lapho kubonakala khona i-cilia, futhi ngaphezulu kwe-crotch. Izitho zobulili zakhiwa, futhi kubhekwe izici zobuntu. Ingane isisindo esingu 750g ngalesi sikhathi, futhi ukuphakama cishe ku-30 cm.

Inyanga engu-7. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ubuchopho nemaphaphu zikhula ngokushesha. I-fat subcutaneous iba yanda, ngakho isikhumba sishiswa futhi kukhona imibimbi embalwa kuso. Ukukhula kwengane kule nyanga kungama-33 cm, futhi isisindo sinama-1-1.2 kg.

Inyanga engu-8. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ingane ikhulisa kakhulu isisindo futhi iyanda ekukhuleni. Isikhumba sakhe sigcwele isikhumba esikhuni, futhi ungqimba lwamafutha luba lukhudlwana. Ingane iqala ukusabela ngokweqile kuyo yonke into engaphandle.

Inyanga engu-9. Isigaba sokugcina sokukhulelwa konke. Ingane ngalesi sikhathi isakhiwe ngokugcwele futhi ilungele ukuhlala okuzimele. Esikhumbeni sakhe sanyamalala ngokuphelele iwego (fluff), futhi yena ngokwakhe waba bushelelezi futhi pink.

Iseluleko kwabesifazane abakhulelwe

Phakathi nazo zonke izinkathi zokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine kwengane kufanele zilandelwe Imithetho eminingi namathiphu:

• Buyekeza ukudla kwakho futhi, uma kunesidingo, engeza kuwo ukudla okunezivithamini ezinothile.
• Ungasebenzi ngokweqile, ukulala nokuphumula kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni okuphelele kwengane.
• Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, i-folic acid kufanele ithathwe ngokwemvelo, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela. Ungasebenzisi ezinye izidakamizwa ngaphandle kwemithi.
• Uma kukhona imikhuba emibi (utshwala, ukubhema), kufanele ubenqabe, ngoba Abenzi ithonya elihle, kodwa kunalokho ngokuphambene nalokho.
• Kuvame ukuhamba emoyeni omusha, kodwa kunoma yikuphi ukungaqhathaniswa ne-supercooled.
• Ukuphila ngokobulili nomlingani kungenziwa kuqhutshwe uma kwenzeka kungekho ukuphikisana.
• Ukuthenga ibhande lokubeletha nokubeletha, kuyasiza kakhulu.
• Izembatho kufanele ziguqulwe, kungekho ndawo yokuphoqa, izicathulo kufanele zibe esithende esincane.

Ukukhulelwa kuyisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yowesifazane nengxenye yesibili, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukukhumbula yonke imizuzu yalesi sikhathi esihle futhi ujabulele nje.