Ukunqunyelwa kusengaphambili - Iyini? Bekhethiwe nokudalelwa kaNkulunkulu

Ukunqunyelwa kusengaphambili - kuyinto ezinkolweni monotheistic (yobuJuda, ubuKristu, ubuSulumane) Umqondo we ngokulayisheka zonke izenzakalo zokuphila kanye nomlando, kuvela kuNkulunkulu. Okungukuthi, konke okuye kwenzeka, kwenzekani okuzokwenzeka esikhathini izimpilo zabo bonke abantu futhi umuntu kunqunywa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, intando kaNkulunkulu, futhi ngakolunye - inkululeko yokuzikhethela ayinike ngamunye. Sikugcizelele ukuthi inkululeko womuntu awuwona esinomkhawulo, kodwa konke kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nentando kaNkulunkulu.

Lokho wakhuluma Nkulunkulu semfundiso yenkolo futhi mlando leonid Matsih

Leonid Alexandrovich e inkulumo yakhe "Izindlela yolwazi yenkolo" ahlinzekwa hhayi ukudida imiqondo emithathu: Nkulunkulu, inkholo, kanye nebandla. UNkulunkulu lichazwa ngokuthi eliphakeme inhlangano yangasese, sihlukile ezweni, wadala izinto. Nkulunkulu, ngokombono wakhe, wadala umhlaba wethu (nabanye abaningi ukuthi nakwazi), yengamela inqubo yokuvela kokuphila emhlabeni, ngezinye izikhathi kuphela kwaphazamiseka inkambo yomlando, kuphela ezimweni lapho abantu bakhuluma kahle ngokuphelele . Yena, ukudala umhlaba wethu, ekubeni 'isivivinyo "ngemiphumela engaqinisekile ngaye ka. Ngakho, singaphetha ngokuthini: ukumiselwa kusengaphambili - ngumbhedesho eziyinkimbinkimbi zenkolo, okuyiwona akukho impendulo eyodwa. Kodwa siyobona ngezansi. Zonke izimfundiso ligcwele kuzo.

Iyini inkolo, ngokuvumelana L. A. Matsiha

Inkolo - isimiso nezimfundiso nezifundiso, ucishe kuyaqondakala. Isikhathi esiningi kucace ngokwanele. It lihlongoza izinto abantu abaningi kude futhi ezama ukuchaza isiqalo nesigcino izenzakalo ezikhona emhlabeni. Ngo umkhuba lokhu akunakwenzeka, ngoba ingqondo yethu emhlabeni liliningi futhi makhulu. Too ososayensi abaningi banamuhla Kusafanele ukuthola.

amagama sidilizwa simnyama futhi zingcolile, futhi igama elithi "ukumiselwa ngaphambili" - kuba predetermined ukuphila kwabantu, insindiso noma ukulahlwa yomuntu uNkulunkulu. wemibhalo yenkolo Basic abakwazi ukuhlanganisa mqondo yakhe kubangelwa ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule, nge okwatholwa njalo abasafufusa nokufeza lobuchwepheshe. Kugcine, kuyafaneleka ukuba bagcizelele ukuthi zonke izinkolo uyazicabangela ngokwayo kuphela iqiniso ezingeguquleke. Yonke enye into - edukisayo.

Hellas neRoma lasendulo

Lo mqondo kakade liye lavela kakhulu ezweni lasendulo. onkulunkulu Olympic nabantu bezithoba ngenakugwemeka, isiphetho sakhe, okuyinto baphotha Moira kwamaGreki namaRoma Parks. Omunye wabo, Clotho, intambo yokuphila, ezinye, Das Lajes, ingozi aluka, yesithathu, Atropos, kunqunywa kwesiphetho okwenzekayo. Bona ubude yokuphila komuntu ngamunye kanye nesikhathi sokufa ukusika ngentambo esifushane ukudalelwa. Ngokusho oSophocles ukumiselwa kusengaphambili - ngxabano kwamandla indoda wonkulunkulu, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwakhe EsiZulwini asinayo. Ngakho, kunengqondo ukuphetha ulandele umqondo ukudalelwa futhi isiphetho.

UbuKristu ngokuvamile

ukumiselwa kusengaphambili ZikaNkulunkulu - lena ifilosofi inkolo ingenye nezindaba ezinzima kakhulu. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso izakhiwo saphezulu essence ukubonakaliswa okubi nokuthi umusa iphathelene inkululeko.

Abantu njengomuntu zokuziphatha futhi mahhala, bangase bakhethe okubi ngokuhle; Ezinye kokuhlala okubi - iqiniso elisobala. Kodwa njengoba konke okukhona senziwa intando kaNkulunkulu, kusho ukuthi abanye abantu futhi uhlale ububi nokufa kwabo okwalandela - futhi ekubonakalisweni intando kaNkulunkulu.

Ukuze ukuxazulula lokhu okubonakala sekube Imikhandlu ezimbalwa zendawo, okuye kuchazwe ngokunembile Orthodox ukufundisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ufuna zonke agciniwe, kodwa akafuni ukuchitha inkululeko yokukhetha indlela yokuziphatha. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kusindiswe zonke uNkulunkulu usebenzisa zonke izimali ngaphandle kwalawo ukuphuca umuntu wenkululeko. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu ngamabomu ukwenqaba ukusizwa umusa ukuthola insindiso, ayikwazi ukulondolozwa futhi Ophila phakade kaNkulunkulu kusengaphambili perdition.

Kufundziswa Umphostoli UPawulu

. St Paul emibhalweni yakhe uthi ukumiselwa kusengaphambili - lena nokuzikhethela ngenkululeko usindiso lomuntu. Ngivumelana ngokugcwele ne imfundiso yobuKristu Umphostoli UPawulu ubhala ngalabo kusengaphambili futhi preordained nguNkulunkulu nenkazimulo yaphakade. St ioann Zlatoust, ekuchazeni lesi sici, ubhala ukuthi sasidalelwe zonke, kodwa hhayi wonke wamlalela. Isazi semfundiso yenkolo Landelayo Feofan zatvornik kuchaza ukuthi imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili saphezulu asisho inkululeko. Akuyena yini uNkulunkulu osinika zonke ngazinye nenkululeko yokuzikhethela futhi landulele ingqikithi zonke izenzo zakhe. Lokhu siyathuthukiswa lahlangana eSt Augustine.

zokuxhumana Life. U-Augustine, Bishop of Hippo

Augustine wazalelwa futhi waphila IV Tagaste eNyakatho Afrika. wabhapathizwa abazali bakhe. yokukhonza okukhethekile kwahluka umama. Ingane Kwakuwumkhuba sikhathi, kuphela yamemezela, kodwa hhayi ukubhapathizwa.

Wafundiswa edolobheni lakubo, futhi wabe eseqhubeka nezifundo zakhe e-lolimi kanye mpendulo e Madavre, bese enhloko-dolobha - iCarthage. Le nsizwa bebephila ukuphila antule ukuzithiba. Wazalwa le ndodana engumlanjwana Adeodat. Kamuva, le indatshana "On the uthisha" bayolotshwa phansi kuye.

Ngalesi sikhathi imisebenzi Avreliy Avgustin unesithakazelo Cicero futhi unesithakazelo nefilosofi. It sishintsha nendawo yokuhlala. Sekuphele iminyaka eyishumi, Augustine babefundisa mpendulo futhi lolimi e Tagaste lwakubo, wathuthela iCarthage ke eRoma.

Futhi manje yena wayengemuva Mediolanum, lapho waba eyiqaphuqaphu olusemthethweni. Lapha watholana kanye nabakhulu semfundiso yenkolo St-Ambrose, ukulalela ezintshumayelweni zakhe namakheli ebuKristwini. Wabhapathizwa futhi kude ukukhanya. Ukunika isonto edorobheni lekhabo konke okwabo, u-Augustine kuziwa austerity. It uqala ukukhula udumo lwakhe njengoba isazi semfundiso yenkolo isazi.

Umphakathi waseHippo, nalapho efike waphelela khona ngengozi odlulayo, wathi ufuna ukungenzela presbyter yakhe sezizonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, afike wasungula khona iSikhungo sezindela kuqala Numidia, kutoliga imiBhalo. Edolobheni Hippo, yena uthola isitulo sombhishobhi, okuyinto ethatha iminyaka engu-35 kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe. Imisebenzi yaso ingahlukaniswa ibe izingxenye ezintathu: i-impikiswano Manichaeans, ukulwa uqhekeko futhi ezimfundisweni Pelagius monk. Njengengxenye polemic aqondiswe imisebenzi Pelagius nabalandeli bakhe, i-St Augustine kudala nemfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili.

Bishop of Hippo nasezimfundisweni zakhe. owawukhona ngesikhathi samaKristu okuqala

Augustine ekhulwini IV e imfundiso yakhe yomusa wawa, njengoba kwenza izazi zemfundiso yenkolo isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwayo, e kuwumbono oyiphutha lowo sina. Ngokubona kwakhe, ukumiselwa - Nkulunkulu uwukuphela kwekhambi lokho kungaba basindiswe, futhi ngubani ngokuqinisekile angafa. Lokhu akunakuphikwa futhi ezingeguquleke. Leli lungiselelo liye kwaholela ezingxoxweni eziningi ezingaphezu kweyodwa leminyaka.

Umqondo yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili kwakuhambisana nezinga indlela umuntu ngokwakhe, intando yakhe, ohilelekile wokutakula, noma ukwazi nje ukwamukela ngomusa weNkosi. Ngokubona kwakhe, isono sokuqala zokuthambekela kobuntu ezonakele ukuze angasakwazi nqoba okubi ngaphandle kosizo lukaNkulunkulu. Insindiso senkululeko yokuzikhethela komuntu ingadlali ephawulekayo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ngokuvamile iyiphi indima. alikho yokuzikhethela abantu ngemva isono sokuqala. Insindiso itholakala kuphela kwabanye - labo uNkulunkulu amkhethileyo, ngubani yanquma ukunikeza ukholo bese ugcine. Enye afe. Lokho uyinsindiso - nje isenzo onguMninimandla onke womusa wesihle kaNkulunkulu.

Kufundziswa Avgustina Blazhennogo senziwa Western Church eMkhandlwini Arossim unyaka 529. Ngenkathi Western Church oye wahlushwa isifundiso indela Pelagius, ophike ifa lesono sokuqala, futhi wakholwa ukuthi umuntu ongayifinyelela yobungcwele ngaphandle kosizo ngomusa kaNkulunkulu. Izimfundiso zakhe kwathiwa uyimbuka.

EsengamaProthestani

INkathi Yezinguquko waqala eJalimane ngaphansi kwethonya udokotela Ifilosofi nemfundiso yenkolo Martina Lyutera. Wafaka phambili imfundiso entsha yenkolo ukuthi embusweni wezwe izimele emasontweni, futhi yilokho umuntu akayidingi abaxhumanisi phakathi kwabo noNkulunkulu.

UMartin Luther ekuqaleni wayengajabule emfundisweni Pelagius, kodwa nabasizi bakhe wayiphikisa kakhulu, futhi uLuther awushintshe umqondo wakhe. Imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili awuzange kufakwe imfundiso wamaLuthela.

Isazi semfundiso yenkolo futhi ummeli Zhan Kalvin kwakhiwa imfundiso yakhe ngesisekelo yamaLuthela ngokwenza izinguquko kuso. Wayekholelwa ukuthi isimo nemandla ayo kufanele ngokuphelele subordinated esontweni. Wabhala nokuthi umuntu yonakele ngokuphelele, futhi wayekholelwa ukuthi umusa kaNkulunkulu - nsuku insindiso yesintu. Futhi bayakholelwa kuNkulunkulu akwanele, kube ngukuthethelelwa kwezono.

Ngokusho Calvin, ukumiselwa - lokhu inscrutable ngokongamela kaNkulunkulu. Waphika khona yokuzikhethela komuntu futhi onikezwe abalandeli bakhe ukuba mass yokuvinjelwa okunethezeka nokuzijabulisa. Calvin babekholelwa imfundiso yakhe ubheka ukuthuthukiswa yombhishobhi Hippo. Wayekholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi uKristu wafa ngenxa yezono kuphela "ukumiselwa ngaphambili ensindisweni," hhayi sonke lwesintu.

bekhethiwe ngokwaziphambili kukaNkulunkulu

Kumele sibaphe abantulayo kodwa ukudida uNkulunkulu wazi izinto kusengaphambili futhi ukumiselwa ngaphambili. Uma uNkulunkulu asibonela kusengaphambili izenzakalo, ngalokho kusengaphambili kubo. Yena wanikeza umuntu inkululeko yokuzikhethela, futhi uma indoda bafika isono, kanjalo empunga ikusasa lakhe. uNkulunkulu wazi izinto kusengaphambili akuyona imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili. Nkulunkulu akwephuli nenkululeko yomuntu, noma Ubengeke ngibe nguNkulunkulu. inkululeko Human - nenkululeko isithombe saphezulu. Silindele uNkulunkulu akusho kusengaphambili. Wavele ubeka umuntu ezimweni ezinjena ukuthi likhombe isiqondiso salo: behlulwa yisono kalula kangako, ukuba omubi, uzokusindisa ukuhambisa noma ukwenza okuhle, ukuze ukukhanya. Kuyinto kokulawulwa indoda phezu kwakhe ezibalulekile.

Ukudalelwa nokudalelwa yayo

Igama elithi "isiphetho" lingasho:

• phetho ZikaNkulunkulu - ezulwini, okungukuthi, ukuvezwa ephelele ngomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu - ukuphila embusweni kaNkulunkulu.
• Ukuqaphela zasemhlabeni lezi kwamandla kaNkulunkulu ngenxa yenkazimulo kaNkulunkulu.
• Ukusebenza noma non-ekugcwalisekeni kwenjongo kaNkulunkulu.
• izimo Life (Laphezulu).
• Rock, zembubhiso. (A confluence okunjalo izimo zokuphila, okuyinto kungagwenywa hhayi).

Ukukholelwa isiphetho njengoba e kwesiphetho, esikhundleni ukuhlanganyela noNkulunkulu, kuphambene imfundiso yobuKristu. Esikhundleni kuvisisa ezifana ukudalelwa kukhona umqondo ukudalelwa njengoba Providence Laphezulu. Hhayi isiphetho izimpumputhe olawula ukuphila komuntu, kanye UMdali ohlakaniphe kakhulu.

Umuntu ngamunye ekhetha ikusasa labo siqu: okuhle - ukuba ipharadesi, noma okubi - ukuze yehlela esihogweni. Ngalo mqondo, wonke umuntu ikusasa labo siqu. Ngakho yini "predetermined Isiphelo '? Njengoba thina wabhala ngenhla, uNkulunkulu ngothando ngaphambi kokusekelwa kwezwe wabona kusengaphambili (kodwa hhayi kusengaphambili!), Obani abayosindiswa, kodwa noma ubani olahlekelwa umphefumulo wakhe. Kodwa uzama wokutshela umuntu endleleni sensindiso. Ukunqunyelwa kusengaphambili umuntu kulesi simo - ukulandela intando kaNkulunkulu.

Islam nokudalelwa

Le mfundiso uthethe eziningi ubuKristu, ukuma imiqondo yayo eziyisisekelo ngendlela yabo. Thola umsebenzi ngokwanele yokuqala Muhammad - Qur'an. It, njengoba uMprofethi yena, wabizela kuye ehlane Allah. Ngakho ukuthi kwakungokomthetho yini noma cha, manje akekho owaziyo. Kodwa wayekhuluma ngethempeli kwale nganekwane.

Ngo isiko Prophet lisitshela ukuthi omunye Israyeli walwa kwezinyanga eziyinkulungwane (uma ubala ematfuba out kumnandi - iminyaka engaphezu kuka-83) ngaphansi banner Allah. Kwaba enkonzweni ngempela olungavamile, njengoba ngalezo zinsuku lokuphila komuntu yayincane. Zonke abangane Muhammad badabuka ukuthi abakwazi ukuphinda feat ezinjalo.

Ngokushesha ngemva umhlangano Israeli kuMprofethi efika Ekulu Jibril. Wamemezela ukuthi ngemva kwesikhathi eside kangaka yesevisi yakwa-Israyeli, unyana ka-Allah unika uMprofethi nabangane bakhe ebusuku, okuyinto ungcono kwezinyanga eziyinkulungwane. Wabe wabizela izahluko 97 ngobunyoninco, okuthiwa "Amandla". Lathi Allah wathumela Prophet yakhe, Qur'an ngobusuku yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili noma ngobukhulu. Lokhu ebusuku kuyinto enhle ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyinkulungwane, okwakubonisa Israel. Ngalobo busuku zonke izingelosi zehlela emhlabeni nokwamukela wonke amakholwa. Allah uthethelela futhi uyazigcwalisa zonke izicelo we ethembekile kulesi holy night. Lokhu ebusuku iza futhi liphindwe izikhathi eziningana kule minyaka eyishumi nobusuku obungamashumi amane ka-Ramadan. Kuyinto ebusuku lingalingani lapho uMphrofethi wathuthukisa ukuzindla namandla ngokukhethekile reflection nikhulekele Allah. Lokho kuphuma kubo - 21 th, 23 th, 25 th, 27 th-29 ebusuku th. Ngumuphi kubo kuyoba nangobukhulu ebusuku?

Ngobunyoninco, konke izinceku ecacile futhi ethembekileyo ukudideka akukho akukho. Nokho, Kodwa, sekube kunenkulumo mpikiswano eqhubekayo phakathi inezindawo ezintathu ezingabalwa njenge nezazi ngale imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, e-Islam kukhona welithi "isiphetho." Omniscient Allah ngisho phambi kwesisekelo somhlaba wayazi ukuthi kwenzekani ngokwemvelo futhi umphakathi, ukuthi uzokwenza okuhle noma okubi umuntu noma isilwane. Umuntu okholelwa Allah, wazi kahle kamhlophe ukuthi ayeyoyivumela, futhi okungase kubangele Ukunganeliseki yayo noma ngisho nolaka. Kodwa indoda ibuthakathaka futhi iphutha endabeni, kodwa ngoba ngemva isenzo esibi kumelwe aphenduke.

ukubukwa yesimanje

Kuvumelana ngalolu daba zemfundiso yenkolo wangafika. Futhi indiza cishe isigamu ngemva kweminyaka eyinkulungwane. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi kancane kancane, hhayi kwakwakhiwa eziphethweni ezinqala, isonto uyeza zezinkolelo zalo, okuyinto okunzima ukuba liqondwe. Cha, uma ubuza isazi semfundiso yenkolo, 'uyomisa imfundiso ngokushelela njengoba oqonda khona. Umbuzo lihlukile: impendulo eyodwa alikho. Kodwa imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili - omunye naletintfo eziyinhloko.

Esihlatshelelwayo F. I. Tyutcheva

Bayithanda kakhulu inkolo imbongi-sefilosofi F. I. Tyutchev, ngokuqinisekile wayazi ukuthi e-Orthodox "ukumiselwa ngaphambili." Tiutchev hhayi zokuphola wanikeza leli gama inkondlo yakhe emfushane futhi okumunyu. Uma ukumiselwa kusengaphambili enikezwa nguNkulunkulu futhi isiphetho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi beysya, Umuntu oyisoni angazenza yibalekele.

Uthando Tyutchev ngeke uvele ngesisekelo shazi besikhashana. Behlakaniphile, bejabule, ubuhle nenhle kancane kancane langena kuqala emzini wakhe ukuvakashela amadodakazi akhe, bese inhliziyo imbongi. Bachaza ncamashi phakathi Juni 1850. Lolu suku F. I. Tyutchev akazange azikhohlwe ngemva Helena esehambile. Lolu suku ngokuthi "ngingayinakile ebulalayo." Ububi Ubuyisé uthando lwakhe abafundi abasha Smolny Institute Elene Denisevoy. Bona wamthanda ngayo yonke inhliziyo yami. Njengoba iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu kamuva wabhala Tiutchev, yena yaphefumulela umphefumulo ke yakhe yonke. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka ubuhlobo abayizoni futhi ukukhanya senqaba futhi abazali bami iminyaka 14 E. A. Deniseva. Inkondlo, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili" Tyutchev wadala ekuqaleni ubungane, iminyaka engu-13 ngaphambi kokufa Elena Alexandrovna. Kodwa drama isimo, lapho umuntu oyedwa othanda, kanye nezinye ivumela yena ukuthanda, ke kubonakala ngokugcwele.

Sesiyaqala afeze umgomo wokuhlaziya inkondlo Tiutchev, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili." Esikhathini kwamashumi amahlanu, izinkondlo zefilosofi Tiutchev simnyama ikakhulukazi futhi ezisindayo. Phakathi ukuxhumana Elenoy Aleksandrovnoy imbongi delves zibe isimo amnyama futhi yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba. Zonke izinkondlo ezakha "denisevsky" umjikelezo, yithemba futhi self-ukulahlwa. Kakade ngo 1851, wavuma ukuthi uyazithanda futhi ebhubhisa ocekayo zonke yigugu kakhulu inhliziyo yakhe. Uthando lwakhe waya wentombi ihlazo ongafanelwe. "Ukunqunyelwa kusengaphambili" Tiutchev wabhala e efanayo 1851, uma ithola obulala owesifazane uyazithanda futhi ngosizo can.

imindeni emibili

Imbongi yayihlukene phakathi. Soul, yena kwakuxhumene abesifazane ababili. Zombili yakhe ezikhulekelwa. On omunye wabo, u-Ernestine Feodorovna, aphila ngayo, njengoba kufanele kube emshadweni. Kwaba efudumele nekhaya lakhe. Ernestine Feodorovna wenze yonke imizamo ukugcina umndeni wawuhlangene ndawonye, ngaphandle ezwakalisa iyiphi isihlamba. Kodwa kwelinye endlini futhi yaklebhula umphefumulo wakhe.

Inkondlo, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili" kwalotshwa ekuqaleni zokuxhumana. Lo mbhalo uthi nokuzwelana wemiphefumulo kanye Duel yabo kwesibhamu. Imbongi nomuzwa wokuthi kungenzeka uthando olukhulu uphazamiseke kuphela uma sowesifazane ubuhlungu inhliziyo iznoet. Siqala ukuhlaziywa senkondlo, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili." Ngabona Fedor ekuqaleni umfelandawonye Elenoy Aleksandrovnoy? Ngokungalingani umzabalazo izinhliziyo, lapho omunye nakanjani uthando futhi ahlupheke. Ngempela, Denisiev yabelana, okuyinto ubheka ngokwayo yangempela, umka Fyodor Ivanovich kweqiniso, weza yedwa kwakhe ngalobo kuphela lakhanya up izingane. Zilotshwe amamethrikhi njengoba Tyutchevs, kodwa izikhulu nabantu abavamile.

Bayingcosana biography E. Denisiev

Elena babevela umkhaya ompofu zasebukhosini. URebheka washeshe walahlekelwa unina, noyise washada. Wakhuliswa ngu-anti wakhe, ubesebenza njengodokotela wezifo uthisha ngesikhathi Smolny Institute. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kusho intombazane ngiyitholile imfundo, bangenwa imikhuba yezwe futhi wayengaba nomdlalo omuhle. Indaba yokuphila ka-Elena Alexandrovna ilindele ukuhlaziywa senkondlo, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili." Tiutchev Hhayi kuphela, kodwa kwaba sobala ukuthi umhlangano elinjalo akupheli ezinhle. Phela, le ntombazane has ukushiya futhi laqala ukukhanya emhlabeni, angivele ngikhohlwe yileyo oshadile futhi kube inkosikazi nomama omuhle. ukumiselwa kusengaphambili Waphezulu ngokuphepha zonke amacebo abantu ukuba nezisusa ezinhle kuphela.

Ukuphinga, ngokuba namahloni umndeni - lezi izitembu yena waphila iminyaka eyishumi nane, itjhubhu konke ngokwami ku imbongi. Inkondlo, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili" ikhombisa ukuphelelwa yithemba mnene nalokhu, okungakwazi ewukuqhutshwa esisemthethweni. Nokho, yena esenamandla futhi alidabukanga. Ezikabani izinhlanga iyafaneleka? Sicabanga ukuthi nowesifazane owayehamba abopha baqaphe ukuze Fyodor Ivanovich. Wayengumuntu ukukhanya kuye ewindini, intambo, ohlanganisa unkom 'idlayodwa nezwe. Khumulani ubudlelwane kwakusho hhayi kuphela konakalise nedumela, kodwa futhi ukubulala unina nezingane zakhe ezintathu.

izindlela wezobuCiko kumbhali

Isihloko senkondlo, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili" (ukuhlaziywa ikubonise) isibe ongenafu, uthando ezingenathemba. eqinile futhi unothando, ukunqoba izinhliziyo zakhe ezimbili abakwazi. Okokuqala, quatrain sokuqala emhlanganweni, ke kwesibhamu ekubumbaneni imiphefumulo kanye Duel yabo kwesibhamu (umvuthwandaba), bese ngemva kokufa imbongi esebona ababuthakathaka futhi ithenda. Sichitha lapho sikhuluma ngekondlo "Ukunqunyelwa kusengaphambili", indaba ephathwayo ukuhlaziywa. Manje ake sixoxe isakhiwo yalelivesi

Yiziphi izindlela kwezobuciko esetshenziswa imbongi lapho ebhala, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili '? Tiutchev vesi ebhaliwe tetrameter iambic. Lena usayizi omkhulu. Kodwa njengoba umphefumulo imbongi idabukile nokukhathazeka isiphithiphithi, engena futhi pyrrhics umshwana. Siyabonga kulezi zindlela ukusebenza, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili" vesi ingane. Imbongi iphinda isebenzise isingathekiso, anaphora, ukuphindaphinda lucebe, kombhala. Inkondlo, "imfundiso yokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili" Tiutchev wabhala ngokuthi ukubonakaliswa ukubukwa yakhe uthando PHETHO ebulalayo. Ifomu amafishane senkondlo, imigqa eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela esikhundleni hhayi emhlanganweni kuphela, kodwa futhi esizayo ayisiprofetho kokufa uthando.

Ngo-May 1864 the Elena nesineke wabeletha indodana. Yena wayevele indodakazi uHelen nendodana uTheodore. Baby nendodakazi uyofa 1865. Fedor kuyinto kabi kakhulu lezi izinto ezizwisa ubuhlungu. Wayenomuzwa wokuthi sengathi inhliziyo yakhe waklebhula futhi waquma ikhanda lakhe, njalo ekhala. INdodana Fyodor zikhule babe induna washonela esibhedlela ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala.

Kamuva, emhlabeni "denisevskom" umjikelezo eyisihluthulelo kuyokwenzeka ukucabanga ngokufa, ukubhujiswa, ukubhujiswa, lapho imbongi ithi yena. Yena kamunyu ngazisola yini ngokungahambi ezikhishwe ngesikhathi impilo Elena Alexandrovna incwadi esizinikezele kuye. Sesihlole le nkondlo "Ukunqunyelwa kusengaphambili" (Tiutchev). Uhlaziyo onikelwa amakhono egcwele.