Ukuhamba okukhokhelwayo ngamaloli angaphezu kwamathani angu-12: imithetho emisha, ukubuyekezwa

Kusukela ekwindla konyaka odlule, iRussia ifake imali ekhokhwayo yamaloli angaphezu kwamathani ayi-12. Kusukela ngoNovemba 1, 2015 ukuhamba emigwaqeni yombuso kukhona ama-ruble angu-3.7 ngekhilomitha ngalinye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iziphathimandla zikamasipala nezifundazo zizozimela ngokuzimela inani lemigwaqo yazo.

Ukuthuthwa okukhokhelwayo kwamaloli emigwaqweni yombuso: umthetho

Usuku lwalo musha ludluliselwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa: okokuqala izinguquko zahlelwa ngo-2013, ngakho-ke ngo-2014. Usuku lokugcina lubekwe ngoNovemba 2015, futhi uhulumeni uqinisekisile ulwazi, ukhuluma ngemali yokuhamba, imithetho kanye nohlangothi lobuchwepheshe. Ukushaja kwamaloli angaphezu kuka-12 amathani kuzokwenziwa ngesilinganiso sama-ruble angu-3.7 ngekhilomitha yendlela edlule. Okokuqala, enye inguqulo yalesi simiso yacatshangelwa, okusho ukukhokhwa kwetoni ngayinye yezimpahla, kodwa itholakala ukuthi ayinakwenzeka, ngoba yayidinga ukuhlelwa kabusha kokulawulwa kwesisindo.

Ibanga elidlula ngamaloli emigwaqeni yezinhlangano lizobalwa ngokusebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile exhunywe ku-GPS noma ku-GLONASS. Thola abashayeli bayo bayoba mahhala ngokuphelele.

UMnyango Wezokuthutha we-Russian Federation wachaza ukufakwa kwezokuthutha okukhokhelwayo ngamaloli ngomonakalo obangela emgwaqweni. Ngokusho kwe-agency, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezigidigidi zama-ruble, futhi intela yokuthutha ekhokhwa unyaka ngamunye yizimoto ezinkulu-tonnage, ayikwazi ukumboza. Umthetho owethulwe uzovumela ukufaka isabelomali sezwe ngaphezulu kwe-ruble eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu, okuzoqondiswa ekwakhiweni kabusha nasekulungiseni imigwaqo kahulumeni.

Shock on carrier

Esikhathini esithi "Rosavtodor" ngaphambili kuthiwa ukukhokha ukuhamba kwamaloli angaphezu kwamathani angu-12 kuzokwehlisa izinzuzo zezinkampani ngamaphesenti angu-0.5%. Ukulindela okunjalo kwakubonakala kungalungile, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nesimo sokuthi kwakuhlelwe ukufaka phakathi kwendilinga yabakhokhi ngisho nezimoto ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani ayi-3.5 bese wandisa umthetho kuwo wonke imigwaqo yaseRussian Federation.

Ukuzuza kwebhizinisi lababathwali kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ngaphezu kuka-20%, ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeke bakhokhe intela yenyanga yokuthutha, inani elingu-4-6 izinkulungwane zemoto ngayinye. Uma sicabanga ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso esisodwa inqola iyadlula okungenani amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10, umnikazi wayo kufanele akhokhe okungenani umholo owodwa womshayeli.

Ukuthutha okukhokhelwayo kwamaloli emigwaqeni yezempi, umthetho wawo owamukelwa ngonyaka odlule, ngokulinganisa, kuzokwenyusa izindleko zezinsizakalo zokuthutha ngo-8-15%, kuye ngokuthi umzila othize wokuthutha impahla.

Uhlelo "Plato"

Ukuthuthwa okukhokhelwayo kwamaloli eRussia kwaqalwa njengeprojekthi ngosizo lwe-"Platon" uhlelo. Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko iyinqwaba: ukuqoqwa, ukucubungula, ukugcinwa nokugcinwa kolwazi mayelana nokuhamba kwezimoto, isisindo sayo esingaphansi kwamathani ayi-12. Uhlelo olunjalo lokukhokha lusebenza kuzo zonke izindlela zomthetho zezwe.

Iyiphi imali eqoqwe "Plato"

Izindleko ezivela kwamaloli ezingaphezu kwamathani angu-12 zizothunyelwa kwi-Road Fund, ukusuka lapho ungena khona amaphrojekthi emgwaqo wesifunda. Inani elilinganiselwe "lokugcwaliswa" okunjalo kuyoba yi-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-40 ngonyaka. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngo-2019 kuhlelwe ukuletha yonke imigwaqo yombuso ukuya esimweni esivamile noma esingaphansi. Indlela enjalo yale nkinga izokwenza ukuthi izimali zomgwaqo zesifunda ziqondise izinsiza zabo ukuxazulula ezinye izinkinga.

Uhlelo luvumela ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ukukhangwa kwezimali ezizimele. Eminyakeni embalwa eyalandela, kunezikhungo eziningana ezihlelwe kakade, ezisezindaweni ezahlukene zezwe.

Indlela yokusebenzisa uhlelo

Inani lokuthutha okukhokhelwayo ngamaloli angaphezu kwamathani angu-12 lizokhokhwa ngokukhishwa kwekhadi lomzila noma ngokufaka idivaysi ekhethekile yamahhala ebhodini. Ukuthengwa kwedivayisi enjalo akuyona into ephoqelekile.

Ukugcwalisa i-akhawunti yomuntu siqu ohlelweni, ungasebenzisa iwebhusayithi esemthethweni, ama-terminals e-QIWI noma i-Platon, noma kwenye yamahhovisi wenkonzo angu-138 ezweni lonke. Ukuze kube lula kwabashayeli, kune-hotline yamahora angu-24. Futhi, amahhovisi asemaselula akhethiwe, okuqapha ukukhokha kwamakhilomitha ahlanganiswe ngamaloli.

Izijeziso kuphrojekthi

Ukwethulwa komthetho omusha kuhlanganisa imithetho ekhethekile yamaloli okukhokhela kanye nenqubo yokukhokha. Kule Mithetho Yokuhlukunyezwa Kwezokuphatha, ezinye izichibiyelo zenziwa, ngokusho ukuthi abanikazi bezimoto ezinamathemikhali amaningi uma kwenzeka kungabikho ukukhokhwa kwemali kuyodingeka bakhokhele ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-5, ngokuphulwa okuphindaphindiwe - izinkulungwane eziyi-10, kodwa abashayeli ngeke bahlawuliswe. Kuzinhlangano ezingokomthetho, inani lezinhlawulo libaluleke nakakhulu: kuze kube yi-rubles ayizinkulungwane ezingu-450 zokuphulwa.

Uhlelo "lwePlato" lusebenza ngalokhu ngokuphelele kwimodi yokuzenzekelayo. Akekho ohlola izimoto emigwaqeni, ukukhokhwa kwekhilomitha kwenziwa ngokukhishwa kwekhadi lomzila, okungekho okudingeka ukuthi ubonise. Enhliziyweni yesistimu ukuzimisela kokutholakala kwedokhumenti engenhla noma idivaysi esebenzayo. Amaloli angaphezu kuka-12 amathani, okungazange akhokhwe imali, azokhokhiswa ngamaphoyisa esitimela esekelwe isithombe nesvidiyo.

Kuze kube manje, uhlelo lokulawula ukudluliselwa kwezimali luhlanganisa izimoto eziyi-100 zokulawulwa kweselula kanye namafremu angaba ngu-12 afakwe endaweni yesifunda saseKaluga naseMoscow. Emigwaqweni yaseRussia esezingeni eliphezulu ngonyaka olandelayo nengxenye, kuhlelwe ukubeka amanye ama-461 ama-frame of control-patient.

Izinketho zesistimu ye "Plato"

• Isikhungo Solawulo Nokuqapha.
• Uhlelo lokukhokha oluzenzakalelayo nesistimu ye-geoinformation.
• Izikhungo zesevisi zabasebenzisi abangu-138.
• Ukuqapha kweselula.
• Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni.
• Uhlaka lokulawulwa okumile, olusezindleleni zombuso.
• Inethiwekhi yokuxhumana yama-terminals e-QIWI.
• Inethiwekhi ye-Terminal ye-self-service.
• Isikhungo socingo.
• Amabalazwe womzila namadivayisi ebhodi.

Ukukhokhisa kuzothinta kanjani inani lezimpahla

Ukuhamba okukhokhelwayo ngamaloli angaphezu kwamathani angu-12 akufanele kuthinte inani lemikhiqizo yokudla, umthengi akufanele aqaphe ukukhuphuka kwentengo yemikhiqizo.

Ngokusho kwabathwali, isilinganiso sezindleko ngamakhilomitha angu-ruble angu-30. Njengoba kunikezwe inani lokugcina lama-ruble angu-3.06, intengo yemikhiqizo izokwanda ngamaphesenti ayishumi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zokuthutha ngokwayo okungenani 4-10% wezindleko zezimpahla. Kulula nje, ngentengo yokugcina, lezi zimali, uma zithintekile, ngakho-ke ngesamba esincane kakhulu - esiphezulu se-1%.

Ukwethulwa kwesistimu enjalo ngeke kuthinte inani lemikhiqizo yokudla. Njengomthetho, izimpahla ezifanayo zikhiqizwa eduze kwamaphuzu okudayiswa, ngakho asikho isidingo sokuthutha imithwalo yamabanga amade. Kulula nje, ngezinqola ezingu-12-tons isinkwa asihambiswanga.

Uma uthembela ekuhlangenwe nakho kwezinkampani zaseBaltic, ungaphetha ngokuthi emva kokufakwa kwezindleko ezifanayo zomgwaqo, imithwalo yempahla ayizange ikhule, kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, yehlelwa ebusweni bomncintiswano omkhulu.

Amaprosesa amaloli

Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba umthetho uhambise amaloli anesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani angu-12, kwamukelwa umkhankaso wokubhikisha kwamaloli. Abashayeli bafuna ukubambezela ukuqaliswa kwesistimu, ukunciphisa izindleko nokuqhuba ukuhlolwa kwe "Plato". Ukhulume ngemibuthano efana nale mpela nje: imigwaqo eminingi yenhlangano yayivinjelwe yizinqola, okwenza ukuthi kwakhiwe amakhilomitha amaningi emigwaqweni yomgwaqo.

Abashayeli bamaloli abaningi babengajabuli ngokufakwa kwemali emisha, njengoba kwakudingeka bakhokhe intela uhulumeni ayethembisa ukuyikhansela eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, badidekile ngesidingo sokubhaliswa ohlelweni, isofthiwe "eluhlaza" yamadivayisi nezinhlawulo zokungahambisani nokulahla ukukhokha.

Ukwethulwa komthetho onjalo, ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, akunakwenzeka ukuholela kunoma yini enhle. Ukukhokhwa okufanelekile kohambo lwezimoto eziningi kungabangela ekubhujisweni kwamabhizinisi amancane njengalokhu futhi kunzima ukushaya emakhoneni abathengi abajwayelekile, naphezu kwazo zonke izibalo zikahulumeni.