"Ukudla" njengoba kubhaliwe? Igama lokuhlola egameni elithi "ukudla"

"Bon appetit" - sifisa abantu, abazodla isidlo sakusihlwa. "Izifiso ezinhle" - sisho kumuntu ofuna konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa yini ukudla? Upelaphi futhi uvelaphi leli gama? Ake sizame ukuqonda.

Kusho ukuthini lokhu?

Igama elithi "isifiso" lafika ngesiRashiya kusuka eFrance, futhi, futhi, laboleka lo mqondo kusuka kwisiLatini. ERoma lasendulo kwakukhona isifiso esinamandla, isifiso sento. Okuvela kulolu gama kwakusho "isifiso sokudla". Kamuva leli qembu laqala ukuveza ukoma wokuthola okuthile.

Ngezilinganiso ezinjalo, ngokushesha usakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu nase-Asia. Futhi maduzane kwaba elinye lamazwi asemhlabeni wonke awaziwayo. Ngendlela eguquliwe kancane kwenzeka kuzo zonke izilimi ezaziwayo zomhlaba:

• Ukudla - IsiNgisi;
• I-Der Appetit - isiJalimane;
• Le appétit - isiFulentshi.

Ngezilimi zaseSlavic, umqondo wokuba "nesifiso" nawo usetshenziselwa ukusebenza. Upelaphi leli gama ngesiRashiya? Manje ake sizame ukuchaza.

"Ukufisa" kwenzeka kanjani?

Enkulumweni yaseRussia, umqondo wokuba "nesifiso" usanda kufaka: ngesikhathi sikaPeter I. Ngokweqhinga, isikhathi seminyaka emithathu - kungekho lutho. Maphakathi nekhulu le-18, igama elithi "ukudla" laqala ukusetshenziswa kabanzi enkantolo nasemasimini ahloniphekile. Kancane kancane yafuduka esuka emahholo okunethezeka nasezindaweni zokudlela kuya ezindlini ezithobekile. Ukubukeka nokubaluleka okubalulekile kwalokhu mqondo - "okuthakazelisayo" kuphenduka isichazamagama sesiphakamiso "sokufisa", "ukuheha", "ukuziqhenya ngokwakho". Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, leli gama laba livamile. Kuze kube manje kuyingxenye yolimi olukhulu lwesiRashiya futhi lisetshenziswe ngokujulile ngencazelo eqondile nengokomfanekiso.

Ukubhala amagama angaphandle

Njengoba ubona, isakhiwo samagama angaphandle sifana kakhulu. Njengemibandela eminingi ebolekiwe, "isifiso" sinezimpande ezimbalwa futhi sathola imigomo. Igama lokuhlola elisho igama elithi "ukudla" ngesiRashiya lishoda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi indawo yokuzalwa yalomqondo ingaphezu kokusakazwa kwenkulumo yeSlavic. Ngakho-ke, ukucabanga ngokuthi igama elithi "ukudla" lilotshiwe kanjani, umuntu kufanele abheke isichazamazwi sokupela. Lapho, zonke izici zesipelingi esifanele nokubiza igama leli zicatshangelwa. Kulesi simo, cabanga ukuthi ekusesheni izichazamazwi okudingayo ukuba ufike emtatsheni wezincwadi bese ugayela ezincwadini ezindala. Ungalungisa konke ngaphandle kokushiya ekhaya. Ngempela, ezinsukwini zethu, izichazamazwi ezinhle zanamuhla nezincwadi zokubhekisela ziyatholakala kwi-intanethi. Emakhasini abo, izimpendulo zemibuzo yonke ephathelene nawe ihlelwe ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngokuphumelelayo.

Ezinye izici

Uma ubhala igama elithi "ukudla", kungenzeka kube nokungabaza ngokuphela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-consonants wokugcina athululiwe enkulumweni yesiRussia. Sithi "prilif", kodwa bhala-"tide", uthi "lenif", futhi ephepheni esikudinga - "uvila." Lesi sici sigcizelele ngokuphelele nguMayakovsky enkondlweni yakhe ethi "Broadway". Kungenxa yalezi zimangaliso zokubiza amagama amagama aseRussia aphikisiwe kakhulu emazweni akhuluma isiNgisi naseFulentshi: ngezilimi zaseJalimane naseRomania, akukho ukuthutha kwamazwi angapheli ekugcineni kwamagama. Ngakho-ke, izigameko ezihlukahlukene ezihlekisayo zivela ngesipelingi samagama aseRussia ngezilimi zakwamanye amazwe. Ngakho kukhona i-Ivanoff esikhundleni sika-Ivanov, Davydoff esikhundleni sikaDavydov.

Ukudideka okunjalo kuvame ukuholela ekuxabaneni ekulungiseleleni ama-passports angaphandle noma amalayisensi okushayela emazweni angaphandle. Ngenhlanhla, maduze nje, imithetho yokupelomagama yamazwe ngamazwe yamukelwe. Ngokwezimiso ezisekelwe, ukuthunyelwa kwamaqoqo aqanjiwe nabantu abayizithulu akuvumelekile. Kodwa amagagasi okuqala namabili abafudukayo ahlala nemibhalo ekhishwe okhokho babo lapho befika kwelinye izwe. Ngakho-ke, eFrance, Great Britain, e-United States, kunabantu abaningi okuthiwa uSteanoff, Petroff, Kuznetsoff njalonjalo. Kodwa abahambi nezakhamuzi zanamuhla bahlala ngamagama omndeni wabo. Cha "i-Ivanov" ngeke isaphinda iqanjwe kabusha ku-Ivanoff - lokhu kuyobe kungavunyelwe imithetho yamazwe omhlaba yokudluliselwa kwamagama.

"Ukudla" noma "isifiso"?

Kodwa nokho, igama elithi "ukudla" lilotshiwe kanjani? Isifiso sokubhala ngokufanele singafaka ngokuzenzekelayo ukungabaza ngesithulu sokugcina esitatimendeni esithi "ukudla". Upela kanjani isiphelo saleli gama? Igama elikhomba isifiso sokudla, ukudla, kunamagama ambalwa kakhulu okuvela kuwo. Omunye wabo yisiphakamiso esithi "sithandeka". Ukuze uthole ukuthi igama elithi "ukudla" libhaliwe, kwanele ukukhumbula isiphakamiso esisodwa esisodwa "esijabulisayo". Kuyo, akunakwenzeka ukufaka le "d" ekupheleni kwempande. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha igama lokuhlolwa egameni elithi "ukudla", kwanele ukukhumbula ukuthi isiphequluli sokukhiqiza sibhaliwe kanjani.

Izichazamazwi kanye "nesifiso"

Yini okufanele uyenze nazo zonke ezinye izinhlamvu zegama elithi "ukudla"? Upela kanjani leli gama langaphandle? Ngeshwa, kulo mqondo, ngokuqondene namanye amagama angaphandle, awekho imithetho. Double "n", "yokuqala" neyezinye izincwadi ozidingayo ukuzikhumbula. Izichazamazwi eziqoshiwe kuphela zingaqinisekisa ukuthi indlela "isifiso" esilungile kahle ifakwe kanjani isipelingi sesiRashiya.

Ake sibe nesidlo ...

IsiRashiya kukhona isifiso esivamile: "isifiso esimnandi." Ngakho bathi, befuna i-interlocutor yakhe ukudla okudliwayo, isidlo sasekuseni noma isidlo sakusihlwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sebenzisa le nkulumo, ukuphatha lo muntu ngolunye uhlobo lokudla okuthakazelisayo. Ephendula "ngiyabonga" noma "ngiyabonga," bafuna "isifiso esimnandi." Sebenzisa le nkulumo kokubili inkulumo yebhizinisi, futhi kufomu elingakahleleki noma lokuxoxa. Leli gama elizinzile lihunyushwe ngokuphelele kwezinye izilimi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kulula ukuba siqonde incazelo yegama uma sizwa enkulumweni yangaphandle:

• IsiNgisi nesiFulentshi BonAppetit ngokwezwi nezwi sihumusha ngokuthi "isifiso esihle."
• Ngokufanayo, leli gama libuye lizwakala ngesiJalimane. Izakhamuzi zaseJalimane zithi GutenAppetit, efuna ukudla okuhle (ngomusa). Ukusabalala okukhulu kwenkulumo kubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni okuvamile kokubhala kwenkulumo.

Upela kanjani "isifiso esimnandi" ngolimi lwesiRashiya? Imithetho ithi inkulumo ethi "isifiso esimnandi" ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yesipho esiphelele. Kulokhu, le nkulumo ihambisana nemithetho ejwayelekile yokulungiselela iziphakamiso zolimi lwesiRussia. Kodwa icala lesiphakamiso esivame ukuvame ukudidanisa izingane zesikole nabafundi. Uphi isihloko kanye nesandulela-ngqangi embhalweni othi "ukudla okuthakazelisayo", lo musho uhanjiswa kanjani, ama-commas adingekayo?

Amazwi-iziphakamiso

Ulimi lwesiRashiya unikeza incazelo ehlukile yemisho emifushane. Lokhu kusebenza kumusho olandelayo "Bon appetit!". Amafomu ezinjalo zamagama noma ukuhlanganiswa okuqinile kwamagama abizwa ngokuthi amagama emisho. Lezi zihlanganisa uhlu lwamagama asetshenziselwa kakhulu inkulumo ekhulunywe futhi ebhaliwe. Isibonelo: "Ukukhishwa okuphezulu!", "Uhambo olujabulisayo!", "Bon appetit!". Amagama okuhumusha ayingxenye ekhethekile yokwakha. Ulimi lwesimanje aluzihlukanisi njengengxenye eyodwa noma imisho emibili. Abazange baziveze ngokwahlukana amalungu okusiphakamiso, azikho amandla, ngoba asho lutho futhi angabizi.

Ngokusobala, umbuzo olula wendlela igama elithi "isifiso" elibhalwa ngayo, liqukethe ama-nuances amaningi, angamazwi ambalwa angakwazi ukuwadalula. Ukuze ubhale kahle, akufanele ukwazi kuphela imithetho, kodwa futhi usebenzise ngokugcwele zonke izinhlobo zezichazamazwi. Abahumushi be-Etymological bayokutshela ngomlando wegama, isipelingi sizokufundisa ukuthi ubhale kanjani kahle. Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa izichazamazwi, funda ulimi lolimi lwesiRussia bese ubhala kahle.