Amabhaktheriya e-Pathogenic abangela izifo zabantu nezilwane. Bangaba nokuhluka okuhlukile, ukubukeka, ukuvuthwa, nokuphikisa izidakamizwa. Amafomu ajwayelekile kakhulu amabhaktheriya ayizinti kanye ne-cocci. Iqembu lokuqala lihlanganisa emathunjini, pseudomonas, izifo ezifuywayo zesifo sofuba. I-Kokki inomumo ohlangene, ingaba nenani elihlukile lamaqoqo we-globular. Isibonelo, i-causative agent ye-gonorrhea ihlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili. I-staphylococci iqukethe ukuqoqwa okuningi kwamaseli ahlangene futhi kufana nesigaba samagilebhisi esimweni. Zaziwa isayensi kusukela ngekhulu le-19 njengenye yebhaktheriya evamile kakhulu. Uma i-staphylococcus ihlotshiswe indlela yeGrama, khona-ke iyobonakala emcimbini, okuwukuthi - okulungile.
Izakhiwo ze-staphylococci
Ingozi yale mabhaktheriya ikhona ekutheni bakwazi ukukhiqiza i-exotoxin - into engayisebenzisayo emzimbeni. I-Staphylococci inezakhiwo ezimbili ezilimazayo:
- Yenza i-hemolysis yamangqamuzana egazi abomvu - ngenxa yalekhono, igazi lilahlekelwa isakhiwo sawo esivamile.
- Thuthukisa i-necrosis yezicubu - ngenxa yalesi senzo samathambo e-staphylococcus womzimba owela ngaphansi kwe-necrosis. Ukutholakala kwendawo kanye nosayizi we-lesion kuxhomeke ekusakazeni amabhaktheriya emzimbeni, amandla omzimba, kanye nokuba khona noma ukungabikho kwezinyathelo zokwelapha.
Izinhlobo ze-Staphylococci
Amabhaktheriya alolu hlobo anemihlobo eminingi, okuyingxenye encane kuphela ekwazi ukusakazeka emzimbeni womuntu. Kuye ngokuthi iyiphi i-causative agent eyabangela lesi sifo, kungenzeka ukuba ahlulele izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa okufanele. Izinhlobo ezivamile kakhulu ze-staphylococci, eziyi-pathogenic kubantu, ziyi: Staphylococcus epidermidis, aureus, saprophyticus, haemolyticus. Ngamunye wabo ubangela ukwephulwa okuhlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye zezilwane ziyingozi kunazo zonke, ezinye - cishe azilimazi futhi azidingi ukwelashwa.
Izifo ezibangelwa yi-staphylococci
Uphawu oluyinhloko lokubonakala emzimbeni wegciwane lesifo se- staphylococcal ukuvuvukala okuphefumulayo. Kulesi simo, umonakalo ungenzeka kunoma yisiphi isitho kanye nezicubu. Ukusuka kwisayithi sokuvuvukala kwendawo, ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo yesifo kuncike, okungafani kakhulu. I-agent ye-causative ingena emzimbeni ngezindawo ezilimazayo esikhumbeni, ngokuzivikela okubuthakathaka (ngezifo ezithathelwanayo). Ngokuvamile, i-staphylococci igxile emthonjeni oyinhloko wesifo, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu isimo somuntu. Lapho ama-pathogens engena emgodleni wegazi nokuzivikela okubuthakathaka, amabhaktheriya kunzima kakhulu ukuwaphatha (ikakhulukazi ezinganeni).
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Into engenabungozi kumuntu ovela kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-pathogens yi-stiphylococcus ye-epidermal . I-Staphylococcus epidermidis ibhekisela ku- microflora yesimo se-pathogenic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-bacterium ihlala emzimbeni womuntu, ngisho noma kungekho isifo. I-staphylococcus ye-Epidermal ihlala emibhalweni yesikhumba, ngokuqondile - esendleleni yabo engenhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pathogen ingatholakala emangqamuzaneni omlomo, ekhaleni nasendlebe yangaphandle. Njengawo wonke amabhaktheriya anengqondo, i-staphylococcus ayibangeli izilonda ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile komzimba. Kodwa uma kukhona ukwephulwa, ngokwesibonelo, amanxeba esikhumbeni, ukuhlukumezeka okuhlukahlukene, nokuvuvukala kwamagundane amancane omzimba wokuphefumula, i-Staphylococcus epidermidis iqala ukwanda ngokushesha futhi isebenza njengokutheleleka kwesibili. Ngaphandle kwalezi zimo, i-pathogenicity ye-microorganism ikhuliswa ngokunciphisa okukhulu emandleni okuvikela omzimba, okubhekwa ngezifo ezingapheliyo, ukucindezeleka, i-hypothermia, i-immunodeficiency states.
Amanani avamile kanye ne-pathological of microorganism
Ngokuvamile bonke abantu bane-Staphylococcus epidermidis ekuhlwanyeni, ethathwe esikhumbeni noma emangqamuzaneni. Noma kunjalo, akuyona yonke inombolo yayo engaphezu kwezindinganiso ezijwayelekile. Lokhu kubangelwa ukutholakala noma ukungabikho kwenqubo esithathelwanayo ebangelwa i-epidermal staphylococcus. Kusuka kulokho okutholakala khona emasikini amabhaktheriya, kuncike ekutheni lesi sifo sibangelwa yini yiStaphylococcus epidermidis. Isimiso se-pathogen ekuhlwanyeleni singaphezulu kwezingu-10 ngezinga lesi-5. Uma inombolo yayo ihamba ngaphezu kwalesi sibalo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-etiological okuhloswe ukulwa ne-epidermal staphylococcus.
Izifo ezibangelwa i-epidermal staphylococcus
Ngaphansi kwethonya lezimo ezingahle futhi zinciphise emsebenzini wesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela omzimba, i-microflora enenzuzo iqala ukwanda futhi ibangele izifo ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni. Ngenxa yokuthi staphylococcus e-epidermal ihlala esikhumbeni nasezikhungwini ezinamaqabunga, izitho eziningi zingabhekana nokukhula. Lapho ama-catheter ama-venous ne-urinary, ama-staphylococcus epidermidis angena ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, okwenza kube nezinkinga eziyingozi. Lezi zihlanganisa izifo ezinjengo-endocarditis - ukuvuvukala kwamagundane enhliziyo, kufaka phakathi izinto zokufakelwa. Izifo zesimiso se-genitourinary ezibangelwa i-epidermal staphylococcus ingahluka kakhulu, isibonelo, i-cystitis, i-pyelonephritis, i-vulvovaginitis, i-urethritis. Njengoba kunezifo ezinamandla ezikhulayo, izifo ezimbi kakhulu zikhula, njenge-endometritis, i-prostatitis, i-nephritis ye-interstitial, njll. Kulimala okuhlangene, i-endoprosthetics ivame ukusetshenziselwa, futhi izinto zokufakelwa zingabangela ukutheleleka nge-epidermal staphylococcus. Ukusabalalisa okunobungozi kakhulu kwe-pathogen ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, njengoba kuvame ukulukhuni nge-sepsis.
Staphylococcus epidermidis ekukhulelwe
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa emzimbeni wesifazane kukhona ukulungiswa komhlaba wonke, okuphathelene nazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo, kuhlanganise nokuzivikela. Amandla okuzivikela ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwengane anciphisa kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukutheleleka nganoma yimaphi ama-microorganisms kuyingozi. Uma owesifazane engasebenzisi amavithamini ngenkathi ekhulelwe, enqotshwa ngokweqile, engaphansi kokucindezeleka, enezifo ezingapheliyo zokutheleleka, khona-ke umthamo we-pathogenic emzimbeni wakhe uqala ukuvuselela futhi ubangele izifo ezihlukahlukene. Ukuba khona ekuhlaziyweni kowesifazane okhulelwe (smear kusuka emphinjeni, impumlo, isisu) Staphylococcus epidermidis 10 * 3 kakade iphoqa umgogodokotela ukuba ahlole ngokucophelela ukugwema izinkinga ezingenzeka.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezibangelwa i-epidermal staphylococcus
Naphezu kokuthi i-staphylococcus ye-epidermal yinkimbinkimbi ye- pathogenic ngokomzimba futhi ivame ukuba khona kubantu abanempilo, ukwanda kwezinga layo kubonisa ukuba khona kwesifo. Izimpawu zixhomeke ekutholeni ukutheleleka nge-Staphylococcus epidermidis, ukwelashwa okuqondile kwezitho ezahlukene nezinhlelo. Noma kunjalo, kuzo zonke izimo, ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kuhloswe ekubhujisweni kwe-agent causative yesifo-epidermal staphylococcus. Ngokuvamile i-S. epidermidis ayinamathele emithini ye-penicillin, ezimweni ezinjalo, abuyele emithini enamandla, iqembu le-fluoroquinolones: i-rifampicin, i-vancomycin, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating agents. Ngokutheleleka kaningi ngamagciwane we-pathogenic ngokomzimba, kubalulekile ukugwema i-hypothermia, ukuxhumana neziguli ezinengculazi, izimo ezicindezelayo, ukulimala esikhumbeni kanye nezimbungulu ezinamaqanda. Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izilonda ezivulekile, kufanele ziphathwe ngokucophelela ngezixazululo ze-antiseptic bese uthintana nodokotela.