ITachycardia. Izimbangela Nezokwelashwa

Isimo, lapho inani lezinhlungu zenhliziyo lilinganiswa kusuka ku-90 ne-beats eliphakeme ngomzuzu, kuthiwa i-tachycardia. Ukwanda kwentengo yenhliziyo ngenxa yokwesaba, injabulo noma umsebenzi owengeziwe womzimba kuyinto evamile yokuphila ngokomzimba. Kodwa kusekhona into enjalo njenge-tachycardia ye-pathological. Izizathu zokuthi kungani le nkinga ibhekwa njengengozi kanje:

• Umsebenzi wenhliziyo uba wusizo, ngoba igazi lezinhlobo ezihlukene kanye nezicubu zomzimba ziyancipha ngenxa yokunciphisa ukucindezela komzimba ngenxa yokugcwaliswa okuphelele kwe-ventricles ngegazi;
• Ngenxa yengozi yokuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo ngenxa yegazi elibi kakhulu enhliziyweni nokuntuleka kwe-oxygen ngenkathi ukwandisa umthwalo kuso.

Lesi simo asibhekwa njengesifo: kuyaziwa ukuthi ngezifo ezihlukahlukene kukhona uphawu olufana ne-tachycardia. Izimbangela ezivame ukuphindaphindiwe zibhekene nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlelwa kwemithi, ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso sokuzimela (ngaphandle kwalokho, vegetative) sezinzwa, ukuphazamiseka kwe-hemodynamic. Bachazwa yisakhiwo nesimiso senhliziyo, esakhiwa ngamagumbi amane: amakamelo amabili angaphezulu (ama-atria) namagumbi amabili aphansi (ama-ventricles). Isigqi senhliziyo ngokuvamile silawulwa yinothi le-sinus elise-atrium elungile (ngokuqondile, edongeni lwayo oluhlangothini), okuyi-pacemaker yemvelo. I-node ye-sinus ikhiqiza imizwa kagesi, ngokuvamile iqala ngokushaya kwenhliziyo ngayinye. Kusukela ku-node ye-sinus, izimpembelelo zikagesi zidlula e-atria, kubangelwa ukuphazamiseka emisipha ye-atria nokunikezwa kwegazi ezingxenyeni ze-ventricles. Uma izimpembelelo zikagesi zifinyelela emisipha ye-ventricles, zenza isivumelwano, ziholela egazini eligeleza emgodini futhi zingene emaphashini nezinye izitho kanye nezicubu zomzimba.

I-node ye-sinus ijabule kumvuthwandaba oxhomeke ekuzweleni (ingxenye yesistimu yezinzwa ezizimele ezazitholakale kude nezitho ezingenakulungiswa) kanye ne-parasympathetic (ingxenye yesimiso se-vegetative noma se-autonomic system esebenza ngesistimu yomzwelo ezwelayo). Uma ukuphulukiswa kokuzwelana noma ukuhlukumezeka kuphulwa, kanye nesifo se-sinus node efanelekile, isasus (noma i- ventricular) tachycardia. Izimbangela zalo zikhona ekusebenziseni okungasebenzi kwe-sinus node ngokwayo noma ezinkingeni zangaphakathi.

Kukhona nezinkinga zangaphandle, isibonelo, ukwehluleka ohlelweni lwezinzwa ezizimele. Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka ohlelweni lomzwelo oluzwelayo (ukukhushulwa okwenyukayo), kuvela i- palpitation, okungukuthi, kukhona i-tachycardia. Izimbangela zokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kwabantu abanempilo zibangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-caffeine. Ukungaphumeleli ohlelweni lwe-endocrine kungase kuhambisane nokwanda komkhiqizo we-adrenaline futhi kuholele ku-tachycardia. Ngezizathu ezingaphandle, impendulo ye-hemodynamic ingathiwa, uma kunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi (ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwegazi, izinguquko ngokuzumayo esimweni somzimba noma ekudambisweni komzimba), ngenxa yendlela yokwenza impendulo, imvamisa yezinyosi zezinhliziyo zanda.

Ungabhala izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-tachycardia.

- Ukulimala emisipha yenhliziyo ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo.

- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwama-Congenital of impulses kagesi, kanye nezifo kanye nokuhlukunyezwa okubangelwa yintliziyo ngokwayo.

- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.

- Ukuphuza utshwala, umkhuhlane, ukubhema, ukuphuza iziphuzo eziningi ze-caffeinated.

Umphumela wangaphakathi wezidakamizwa.

- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezidakamizwa zokuzilibazisa, njenge-cocaine.

- Ukungalingani kwe-electrolytes, amaminerali adingekayo ukuqhuba imishanguzo kagesi.

- Ukungasebenzi komzimba we-thyroid (hyperthyroidism). Kwezinye izimo, isizathu esiqondile se-tachycardia asikwazi ukucaciswa, kubizwa ngokuthi i-ideopathic.

Indlela yokwelapha i-tachycardia? Izindlela zokwelashwa zithinta imbangela, ubudala nobujamo bezempilo ngesiguli, kanye nezinye izici. Umsebenzi ukunciphisa izinga lezinhliziyo eziphuthumayo, ukuvimbela iziqephu ezilandelayo ze-tachycardia futhi unciphise ingozi yezinkinga. Kuvame ukunikeza ukwelashwa kwe-hyperthyroidism. Kwezinye izimo, uma imbangela ingatholakali, udokotela kuzomele azame ezinye izindlela. Ukuze ubuyisele ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile , ukujova kwama-antiarrhythmic (flecainide noma propafenone) kulawulwa. Ukuvezwa kwenhliziyo ngogesi kagesi (ukuvutha kwenhliziyo kuphazamisa inhliziyo emicabangweni kagesi nokubuyisela isigqi esivamile) kungasetshenziselwa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo, uma ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingasebenzi. Ukutshalaliswa I-Defibrillator - i- cardioverser elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo futhi inikeza amandla kagesi ukubuyisela izinga elifanele lehliziyo.