Sikhwama simila Rathke sika: izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

sikhwama simila Rathke sika - lena zokugula ezibucayi ebuchosheni. Ukwanda usayizi ke kuhambisana kokucindezelwa we indlala pituitary nezinzwa optic, okuyinto Uphatha kabi izinga lokuphila komuntu. Le ndatshana izozama ukuthi uqonde izimbangela zokugula kuholela ukubukeka izinhlumba, yini okufanele uyenze lapho kuqala izimpawu zayo.

Uyini umsebenzi sikhwama Rathke sika?

Lo isakhiwo yokwakheka kusaqalwa yentuthuko umbungu esibelethweni. Ngemva kwalokho, it is iguqulwe ibe ingxenye phambi zobuchopho indlala pituitary. Ngokuvamile, nasikhwama somphako, nazingubo onempilo osanda kuzalwa Rathke sika engekho. Kwezinye abantu, lesi sakhiwo izinhlayiya ahlale. Bakha ekamelweni ezimele. Itholakala eduze ngokushesha indlala pituitary futhi isisekelo ukuvela kumiswa fibrosis.

Izici yenqubo sokugembula

Rathke sika sikhwama simila - isimila kungavamile ukuba ingozi. Ngaphakathi kuwo uphahlwe ungqimba elilodwa epithelium, futhi ngaphandle imbozwe capsule okusobala. Okuqukethwe nginesimila uketshezi, ngokuvamile ephuzi ngombala. Ngezinye izikhathi imfihlo has tinge lemicu empunga elinamathela othini noma bluish. Ngokusho ukungaguquguquki yayo, kungaba obukhulu noma gelatin. Abaningi qhathanisa okuqukethwe izimila ngamafutha engine.

Yiziphi izici ezenza abantu zokugula?

Izimbangela esiqondile nesenzakalo nokuthuthukiswa izimila engakaze isungulwe. Odokotela ukwaba ezicini eziningana, khona lapho kukhulisa ematfuba okuvela izinhlumba. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• yofuzo;
• isifo yegciwane nge umlando phezu;
• izinqubo ukuvuvukala;
• hypoxia;
• ukudakwa okhulelweyo;
• ngemisebe, emisebeni;
• lokuzalwa nzima;
• ukuchayeka ngokweqile UV imisebe.

Neoplasm kwakhiwa namanje kwesikhathi sombungu. Odokotela basikisela ukuthi izinsalela kusukela usewusana yayo, esinye isakhiwo - the pituitary anterior. Simila Rathke sika sikhwama futhi endocrine indlala yobuchopho babe umsuka efanayo. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bavame ukukholelwa ukuthi sokugembula unesimila pituitary adenoma kungaba nokuguquguquka ngokulinganisa.

Obani abasengozini yokuba kakhudlwana?

Iqembu elichazwe esihlokweni angahlangani azalwa naso - lo mkhuba ukungasebenzisi. It ebangela% 1 kuphela ngesikhathi, phakathi kwezinye neoplasms imvelo kungavamile ukuba ingozi. Nokho ochwepheshe bakwazi ukukhomba iqembu labantu amalungu alo amaningi okuthi ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Kuhlanganisa:

1. Abesifazane ziyeza ubudala. Ukufisa ukwandisa ubukhulu ibhulashi futhi ukubonakala izimpawu zaso siyenzeka ngemva kweminyaka engu-40.
2. Iziguli ngemva meningitis noma encephalitis kwanoma iyiphi omsakazo.
3. Iziguli washaywa unhlangothi.
4. Abasebenzi ekukhiqizeni chemical enobungozi.
5. Abantu abanezihlobo kwatholakala ukuthi unesimila ebuchosheni.

Fanisa into eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kusukela kuhlu olungaphezulu kubonisa kwandisa izimila asathuthuka. Abantu abanjalo kufanele luphathwe ukunakekela okukhethekile impilo yabo, qiniseka ukuba kudlule ukuhlolwa kwesidumbu.

I ukubonakaliswa yokuqala zokugula

Rathke sika sikhwama simila elinesimo eside asymptomatic. Ngokuvamile iziguli abawazi isifo ezicashile ebuchosheni. ngokuvamile ukuthola mayelana ngemva othola i-MRI noma ezinye izivivinyo zokuvimbela. Izimpawu zokuqala neoplasms ibonakaliswe njengeyenziwe okwandisa lingakanani. Rathke sika sikhwama simila uqala cindezela emsipheni optic futhi pituitary indlala ngokwawo. Ngenxa yalokho asathuthuka thuthuva sokugembula egazini ebuchosheni, ukuphazamiseka ezinhlakeni zalo eziyisisekelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuvela iziyaluyalu ezilandelayo:

• isiyezi;
• ukuqwasha;
• ukusangana;
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• tinnitus;
• inkumbulo yesikhashana iphelelwa isikhathi;
• ngefanelo nangokuvumelana iziyaluyalu.

Ngo-80% eziguli kanye zokugula kuhambisana izifo kohlelo endocrine. Futhi, eziningi uqaphele ukuvela nokuphazamiseka engqondweni, ukudideka kwengqondo. I degree of ukubonakaliswa izimpawu zokwelashwa ixhomeke usayizi izimila, ukucindezela amandla phezu izinzwa eduze kakhulu futhi imithambo yegazi.

yezinkinga cishe

Imiphi imiphumela kungaholela sikhwama simila Rathke sika? Ingozi akuyona ngokwayo isimila, futhi ulinganisele yayo sokukhula. Ngakho-ke, ngemva ukuthola zokugula nesineke isikhashana ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela sika. Ngezinye ekukhuleni kwayo eyingqabavu libonisa eyohlinzwa esiphuthumayo. Ukungabikho yokwelapha eyanele kungaholela nemiphumela ebuhlungu. Okokuqala, isiguli ilahlekelwa umbono. Khona-ke, isithombe emtholampilo kulekelelwa nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo nokubhujiswa indlala pituitary. Ezimweni sina ngokukhethekile, ukonakala simila ku isimila esibulalayo.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

Uma usola nginesimila sikhwama Rathke ukuze isiguli kwasekuqaleni kudingeka uvakashele i endocrinology. Ngezinye izikhathi sidinga kokubonisana eyengeziwe nge isazi sezinzwa. Ukuze uqinisekise uphethwe futhi ukunquma asetshenziswa ubukhulu izimila ezilandelayo izindlela zokuxilonga:

1. MR. Le ndlela yocwaningo kubhekwa ukuba ulwazi kakhulu. On izithombe udokotela Bangalinganisa Usayizi esikhundleni kwasendaweni nezici yokwakheka izinhlumba. Yonke idatha ezidingekayo okunye ukwelashwa.
2. CT. computed tomography Kusenza sikwazi ukuzwa ukuthi calcification. Ukuba khona kwale nqubo ngokuvamile lisho uphethwe okunye - craniopharyngioma.
3. Angiography imithambo ingqondo.

Ukuqeda uhlobo abulalayo izimila, kungadinga ukusihlola at oncologist. Ngokuvamile, zisuke zihilela ukuyiswa wokubhoboza sokucwaninga kwezingxenye elabhorethri.

ukwelashwa ngoludala

zokugula Regimen kunqunywa udokotela. Ngokwezinga elikhulu incike mfanekiso isithombe emtholampilo, ezempilo lesiguli kanye nosayizi ibhulashi. Uma sokulinda qaphani kuyakhethwa asymptomatic inqubo sokugembula. Udokotela uqaphe inhlalakahle isiguli, ihlola MRI Dynamics ingqondo. Uma izilinganiso imfundo mancane, zikhona izimpawu esicashile, ukwelapha i-hormone umiswa. Amalungiselelo akhethiwe ngamunye.

kokungenela kuhlinzwa

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu indlela ehlukile kuyadingeka ukwandisa ubukhulu sikhwama le simila Rathke sika. Ukwelashwa kuleli cala futhi iqala izindlela hormone. , Ukusebenza inikezwa uma imishanguzo efakazela ingaphumeleli, isiguli kube kubi kakhulu. Namuhla, empeleni kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili izinqubo zokuhlinza, ngamunye ephethe izici zayo siqu.

• Classical transfenoidalnaya msebenzi. Kuyehla kube ukususwa simila ngokusebenzisa imbobo kule turbinate. Ukufinyelela sikhwama Rathke sika kungenzeka kuphela ngokusebenzisa itheku sphenoid. Ngakho nice ukubona emkhakheni kuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo isebenzisa isibonakhulu Binocular.
• Ethandwa kakhulu namanje ukuhlinzwa laparoscopic. It Kwenziwa idivayisi ekhethekile - endoscope. Phakathi ukuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo kalula asuse isimila, ngaphandle kokulimaza imithambo yegazi nezinzwa eduze pituitary. Udokotela Nogebhezi lwawo futhi ongena ngesango amavesi acinene.

Ngemva ekususweni simila, konke okuqukethwe okudingekayo ukuze kuthunyelwe kule-laboratory. luhlolo histological of uketshezi aqede imvelo abulalayo lesi sifo. Ezichazwe ngenhla nje ongakhetha kuhlinzwa izindlela kuphela ngempumelelo yokulwa nale nkinga njengoba sikhwama nginesimila Rathke sika. Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa amakhambi abantu akuvunyelwe contraindicated.

Isibikezelo ukutakula

Ukuthola esifike izinhlumba kuyisihluthulelo ukululama ngokushesha imisebenzi umzimba. izinkinga Endocrinopathy noma umbono ngesikhathi esithile kungase ungasenakululama. Into esemqoka - musa ukuyiziba izincomo ukwelashwa udokotela. In iziguli kakhulu inkinga itholakala ukusebenza kunikezelwe, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho excised ngokuphelele sikhwama simila Rathke sika. Imiphumela uhlamvu ongathandeki Kulokhu zingancishiswa ubuncane. Izinga Ukuphinda ngemuva kokuhlinzwa lingaphansi kuka 5%.