SA Lebedev, Biography emfushane Izimpumelelo yesayensi nokuqinisela siqu

Ngesikhathi ukufohla grand yesayensi abasha likahulumeni waseSoviet kwakungelona isayensi, nomaphi lapho esebenza genius kweqiniso. Nokho, Nakuba ilungelo ubuchwepheshe bama-computer eziphambili ngakwesokudla basonta BaseMelika Japanese, ekuqaleni intelligence yokufakelwa wema nososayensi Soviet ozitholile ngokuvamile ekusithekeni ephelele. Enye yalezi ososayensi nge Ukukhalipha kungemalengiso futsi lokusungula okungavamile, futhi kwaba Lebedev Sergey Alekseevich, Biography emfushane lapho ibonakala sobala ngempela kusiholela kusukela Faculty of Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka ngokudalwa amakhompyutha kuqala.

ekuqaleni komgwaqo

Pioneer samakhompyutha yasekhaya S. Lebedev, Biography emfushane ka MDM kuchazwa kulesi sihloko Yiqiniso, kwavele kwahlwa, ngesikhathi futhi nokuqala kokuhlala kwezingxenye ukutholakala, ayengumkhwenyana wakhe. academician Ikusasa wazalwa ngo Nizhny Novgorod, 2 Novemba 1902 emndenini nongqondongqondo, othisha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyise wayengumuntu umbhali nomama - kusukela emndenini zasebukhosini. Kuwufanele unezela ukuthi udadewabo, ningadli igama lakhe sasekhaya kanina, Anastasia Mavrina, kwaba umdwebi odumile.

Lapho Ngokuzayo Academician engu-18 ubudala, umkhaya wathuthela enhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Ngemva konyaka waya lokuyofunda eMoscow Ephakeme Technical School iqanjwe Bauman ngesikhathi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, lapho afundela khona iminyaka eyisikhombisa nezinyanga wathola diploma Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka. Encwadini yakhe yokugcina of SA Lebedev, Biography iDemo ozosungula izinhlangano kanye Umlandvomphilo kwabanye ososayensi Soviet we kwesikhathi, ngafundela inkinga leyo minyaka sozdavashihsya amandla izinhlelo ngokuvumelana ukuthuthukiswa iKhomishani Yombuso ngoba ugesi yeRussia.

umsebenzi okwengeziwe

Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, aqhubeka khona nomsebenzi wakhe emkhakheni ngokufakelwa kukagesi. Kwaphela iminyaka emibili engawutholi wasebenza Zonke-Union Electrotechnical Institute. Ngemva kagesi technical colleges ubuhlakani, kusukela lapho iphothula esikoleni, ahlukanisa e esizimele - YaseMoscow Energy Institute - wathuthela ukufundisa. ezifundweni zakhe futhi imiphumela yabo isetshenziswa ukuze uyothuthukisa umsebenzi eSoviet iziteshi ezikhiqiza amandla zikagesi.

Ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha yokuzikhandla ekufundiseni umkhuba S. Lebedev, Biography emfushane, ngeshwa akakwazi zibonisa lonke uhla locwaningo indlela lapho yatholwa isimo UProfesa. Ngo-1939 waba i academician, wavikela mqondo yakhe zobudokotela. Isihloko nocwaningo lwakhe ngalesi sikhathi kwaba inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela ukuzinza yokufakelwa kwamandla izinhlelo.

Impi futhi ukuqhubeka kocwaningo

Ulwazi lwakhe olunzulu kakhulu emkhakheni ugesi namandla, yebo, Lebedev, kanye noma imuphi usosayensi Soviet, phakathi nempi nge eJalimane lobuNazi wasebenzisa usizo kweSoviet umkhakha lempi. It is ikakhulukazi wahlanganyela kule amaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa izikhali ezintsha, noma ukwenziwa ngcono kwezinhlelo izikhali ezikhona. Ngakho, ke kungokwalabo torpedoes iphrojekthi homing. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo yokululama izibhamu ku amathangi ngenkathi kuhloswe futhi waphuma esibayeni sakhe. Ukuze ekukhandlekeni kwakhe laqanjwa imiklomelo emibili nje - Order of Red Banner Wabasebenzi kanye izindondo "Ukuze Umuntu Oyiqhawe Labor e ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe ka 1941-45."

Ngemva kwempi, uprofesa ukuphila kuyoba izinguquko ezinkulu - ngeke ube usosayensi entsha SA Lebedev. Umlando iDemo - computer, noma kunalokho ephambene yayo, manje babe umgomo wakhe oyinhloko - okwenza ube esejika, owawungumnyaka usosayensi jabula hhayi kuphela azithele ngabandayo.

Ukudlulela Kiev

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi le yokuqala mkhakha womsebenzi Uprofesa amyisa kokutholakala esizayo. Amandla (futhi noma yini ehlangene nakho) zidinga izindodla Computing. Ngesinye isikhathi esededelwe, usosayensi wadida imibuzo automating Computing izinqubo. Ngemva nje kwempi, ngo-1946, wathuthela Kiev. Kulapha futhi kuyoba mshini omusha. Sergey ngihole Energy Institute e-Ukraine Academy of Sciences. Khona iyakuthi kwabangakwesokhohlo faka inombolo langempela amalungu NA. Owamisa kamuva ngonyaka ngaphansi kuhlela kabusha, futhi SA Lebedev, Biography emfushane lapho azofanela njengoba isihloko drama engokomlando, kakade ephethwe yi-Institute of Electrical Engineering.

Njengoba kuye kwaphawulwa biography, iminyaka emibili e Kiev, wafingqa ngocwaningo lwakhe emkhakheni energy, co-ezibhaliwe ne Leo Tsekernikom umsebenzi kudivayisi ngoba amandla ugesi. Ukuze wakhe, usosayensi waklonyeliswa eU.SSR State Prize. Khona-ke iminyaka emithathu elandelayo wayehumusha kuya Computing yedijithali. Ucwaningo lwakhe, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nemiphumela babé okuyisidingo umsebenzi dalneshem kule ndawo.

Eyokuqala ezwekazini laseYurophu

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala endaweni entsha Academician Lebedev wahlela laboratory yokwakheka nokulandelana Computing, lapho waqala ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo esincane yekhompuyutha (SECM). Wawenziwa iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili. Futhi kokuqala kwenziwa ngo-November 1950. SECM kwaba sibonelo adalwe computer kamuva, futhi waba ngowokuqala ezwekazini laseYurophu. Futhi uye wadala SA Lebedev. Umlando iDemo - computer isibe kokusungulwa main futhi ebaluleke kakhulu academician - kufanele ukhuluma ngani ngokuzumayo zigoqiwe enkazimulweni. Nokho, empeleni yayihluke kakhulu.

Kuyamangalisa, kodwa mayelana academician waqala ucishe ukukhuluma kuphela ngemva kokufa kwakhe. Ngezinye ukuphila usosayensi sika muntu ngaye asinilobeli. Futhi isizathu ukuthi - i-izici ezimbili umgomo. Njengoba noma yikuphi ukuqhubeka iqala izingalo umkhakha, kanye kudalwa ikhompyutha kuhilela ukuthuthukiswa missile ukuzivikela yigama usosayensi omkhulu ngokuqinile bahlukanisa, ukuthi kunengqondo. Kodwa ngalé kwalokho, lo academician Lebedev yena possessed isizotha ezingavamile futhi ngokuphelele akakuthandanga ukukhuluma izintatheli.

Merit

Ngonyaka we ukuhlolwa kuqala SECM Academician Lebedev wakhumbula eMoscow ukusebenza Institute of hle Mechanics kanye Computer Engineering e-USSR Academy of Sciences. Eholwa lakhe, afakwa ngesivinini yekhompuyutha (BESM). Kamuva, ngemva kweminyaka emibili, waba ozohola Institute, kamuva wathola igama lakhe.

Biography S. A. Lebedeva egcwele injabulo ngokusungula izinto zesayensi, i ubuhlakani ngokuphelele futhi onzima, abasebenzi kudlangile. Akuyona ihlaya ukusho ngesikhathi sobuholi bakhe sikhungo sidalwe nanhlanu izinhlobo amakhompyutha, kusukela tube lokuqala ziphethe super computer, babesebenza izifunda ehlangene. Yize ukugula okungathí sina kwamphoqa ukushiya ngo-1973 njengoba umqondisi waqhubeka ukusebenza ekhaya. Owokugcina ukuthuthukiswa yayo kwakheka isisekelo a supercomputer "Elbrus". Usosayensi wafa eneminyaka engu-72.