Ukwakheka Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev: uhlu

Central Committee of the Political Bureau of iCommunist Party of eSoviet Union yasungulwa ngo-Okthoba 1917, Vladimirom Ilichom Leninym, wasibeka phezu igunya kwabaholi bezombangazwe ngu inguquko ahlomile. Amalungu abaphathi KP babekhona elite party, has amasosha omzimba, futhi kunomthelela omkhulu hhayi kuphela ngenqubomgomo iqembu, kodwa futhi ezimpilweni enkulu eSoviet Union. Eqinisweni, kungaba ngokuphepha ubizwe ubuholi obuphakeme yeSoviet Union, Politburo we CPSU ngaphansi uBrezhnev. Ukwakheka (nesithombe eziboniswe ngezansi) kufakwe ingqikithi abantu 27, ngalinye elikwazi kwakufanele nomthelela on isiphetho zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

UBrezhnev, leonid Ilyich labetibambile okuthunyelwe ka uNobhala Jikelele we-CPSU isikhathi eside (1966-1982 GG.). Ukwakheka Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev zibalo ezinethonya kunazo nezombusazwe eSoviet Union ngaleso sikhathi, ngazo futhi uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Ukwakheka Politburo 1966

Ukwakheka Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev 1966 lalinabashumayeli abantu 11:

1. UBrezhnev leonid.
2. Voronov Nikolay.
3. Polyanskiy Dmitry.
4. Suslov Mihail.
5. Mazurov Kirill.
6. Kosygin Aleksey.
7. Kirilenko Andrey.
8. Podgornyy Nikolay.
9. Pel'she Arvid.
10. Shelepin Aleksandr.
11. Shelest uPetru.

Eminyakeni yokuqala lamalungu nanye kwaba ingxenye Politburo Soviet ngaphansi uBrezhnev. Ukwakheka, ubudala, nezithombe amalungu Politburo zeminyaka abalandelayo Sinesithakazelo esikhulu ngoba lolu hlobo club elite ligcwele osopolitiki bhá isikhathi sakhe.

Politburo ngo-1971

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba khona ukwanda kokungabi amalungu Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev. Ukwakheka ngo-1971 lalinabashumayeli abantu 15:

1. UBrezhnev leonid.
2. Voronov Nikolay.
3. Grishin Viktor.
4. Kirilenko Andrey.
5. Kosygin Aleksey.
6. Kulakov Fodor.
7. Kunai Dinmuhamed.
8. Mazurov Kirill.
9. Pel'she Arvid.
10. Podgornyy Nikolay.
11. Polyanskiy Dmitry.
12. Suslov Mihail.
13. Shelepin Aleksandr.
14. Shelest uPetru.
15. Scherbitsky uVladimir.

Ukwakheka Politburo ngo-1976

1. UBrezhnev leonid.
2. Andropov Yury.
3. Grechko Andrey.
4. Grishin Viktor.
5. Gromyko Andrey.
6. Kirilenko Andrey.
7. Kosygin Aleksey.
8. Kulakov Fodor.
9. Kunai Dinmuhamed.
10. Mazurov Kirill.
11. Pel'she Arvid.
12. Podgornyy Nikolay.
13. Romanov UGrigory.
14. Suslov Mihail.
15. Ustinov Dmitry.
16. Scherbitsky uVladimir.

Izinguquko ku ukwakheka ngo-1981

Kulaba Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev, ogama Ukwakheka ayizange ithuthuke kuze 1981, kwathiwa ngokuphelele kabusha. Izinguquko abathintekayo hhayi kuphela inqubomgomo, kodwa central isakhiwo ekomidini. Lamanje line-up lalinabashumayeli:

1. UBrezhnev leonid.
2. Andropov Yury.
3. Gorbachev Mihail.
4. Grishin Viktor.
5. Grechko Andrey.
6. Kirilenko Andrey.
7. Kunai Dinmuhamed.
8. Pel'she Arvid.
9. Romanov UGrigory.
10. Suslov Mihail.
11. Tihonov Nikolay.
12. Ustinov Dmitry.
13. Chernenko Konstantin.
14. Scherbitsky uVladimir.

Imicimbi ngo-1982

Ukwakheka Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev ngo-1982 ibilokhu ushintsho olukhulu kusukela ngo-1982 imakwe ngumuntu yesehlakalo esibuhlungu. Ngo-March 23 e Tashkent, leonid uBrezhnev wavakashela i ifektri izindiza. isixuku ophithizelayo kuyachichima amabhuloho, bawa phezu kwakhe, ibangela ingqwababa eziphukile. Le nhlekelele ikunikinele leonid Ilyich impilo kanye qha kwenela, ingqwababa hhayi tho kanye uNobhala Jikelele kwadingeka ukuba anqobe ubuhlungu, okuholela umhlangano. Novemba 10, yena wayengekho. Ukwakheka Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev ngo-1982-m lost ezimbili osopolitiki ezinethonya kunazo - Mikhail Suslov futhi leonid uBrezhnev.

1. Andropov Yury (uNobhala Jikelele we-Committee Central ka 11/12/1982 idolobha).
2. UBrezhnev leonid (wafa 10.11.1982 idolobha).
3. Gorbachev Mihail.
4. Grishin Viktor.
5. Gromyko Andrey.
6. Aliev Geydar.
7. Kunai Dinmuhamed.
8. Pel'she Arvid.
9. Romanov UGrigory.
10. Suslov Mihail (wafa ngo-25.01.1982, the).
11. Tihonov Nikolay.
12. Ustinov Dmitry.
13. Chernenko Konstantin.
14. Scherbitsky uVladimir.

Izikhundla eziyisihlanu kweziyi-ezibaluleke kakhulu

Phakathi ososayensi abathile wesimanje zezombusazwe zinombono ngukutsi inkinga lenkhulu kanye nezindaba okukhulunywa ngawo Politburo Soviet ngaphansi uBrezhnev Top 5 Amalungu.

Politburo nemidanti ezibucayi - ezombusazwe, ezomnotho, kanye party. Ukulungiselela lezi izindaba kusingathwa likaNobhala leKomiti Central, isinqumo izinkinga ngabanye - ikhomishana wadala ngokukhethekile. bureau Political wawunamalungu ezinhlanu eziyinhloko leKomiti Central, amalunga asele Unelungelo ivoti yokubonisana emihlanganweni.

Ngubani ilungu "elite emihlanu phezulu" we Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev, iminyaka yawela ngezithako zawo?

Suslov Mihail Andreevich (wahlala 1902-1982 GG.). Waba ilungu Politburo kabili: okokuqala - ngaphansi Stalin IV, kwesibili - ngo-1955 ngineminyaka engu-53, futhi kwaba ekufeni. I ideologist induna ezweni, Suslov, lapho kwaba ilungu Politburo kweSoviet Union ngaphansi uBrezhnev, kwaba umhloli abakhulu labahluleli kwamasiko, esayensi, umkhankaso nemfundo. Lubhekele ukucwaninga. Isivikelo sesifuba Stalin, isazi sezombangazwe uhlakaniphe ngempela futhi quirky, yena wethiwa the "grey cardinal" futhi "umuntu galoshes." Wawunodonga umthelela omkhulu ezombusazwe wezwe. Ngokusho amahlebezi, ukuphikisana Mihailom Andreevichem nesibindi hhayi ngisho umngane uBrezhnev.

Podgornyy Nikolay Viktorovich (1903-1983 GG.). I Politburo yayineminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi 17 - kusukela ngo-1960 kuya ku-1977. WAKHE OMFUSHANE Wakhonza njengombonisi BC CCCP uMongameli Bureau phakathi nokubusa uBrezhnev. Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi Podgorny, maloprimetnogo futhi akazange abe Inqubomgomo nethonya kakhulu, yayingase ibizwe ngokuthi u "inhloko yezwe". Ebona lesi sidingo, Nikolai walithanda lapho kuza kuye izintatheli, kokuxoxa, ambize ngokuthi "umongameli eSoviet Union." UBrezhnev akakuthandanga ngaleli qiniso, ngo-1977, eneminyaka engu-74 ubudala yaxoshwa Podgorny, bakubheka isikhundla salo nge isikhundla uNobhala Jikelele.

Kosygin Aleksey Nikolaevich (Iminyaka Life 1904-1980 GG.). It yethulwa kuleli Politburo Soviet ngaphansi uBrezhnev (1960), kanti-ke cishe ukufa. Kwakuyisikhathi uhlobo irekhodi - kwaba usihlalo we Council of Ministers okwesikhathi eside eyishumi nesithupha parallel ukuhlunga Politburo ehhovisi elincane. Isebenza ku emkhakheni wezomnotho - lokufeza kwekuhlela kabusha ohlelweni lokuhlela. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili esivimba amanzi, oneminyaka engu-76, u-Alexei Nikolaevich ngesula Political Bureau ngaphansi uBrezhnev.

Pel'she Arvid Yanovich (Iminyaka Life 1899-1983 GG.). Communist Latvian, wangeniswa Politburo ngo-1966, eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 67. Kuyoqedwa e ngecala elihlobene nokubulawa. Gada ukuhambisana party isiyalo isikhundla Usihlalo Party Control Committee. Yaziwa Arvid Yanovich ukuthi wabhala imisebenzi voluminous ngomlando we CPSU, Kunconywa ngesikhathi kufundwa ayimpoqo ezikoleni.

Ustinov Dmitriy Fodorovich (Uhlale 1908-1984). Politburo ilungu kusuka 1976 kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe. Washona ngineminyaka engu-eminyakeni 76. Kusukela ngo-1941 kuya ku-1945 wakhonza njengombonisi Yabantu Commissar izikhali, ngo-1976 ngaba nesikhundla eliphezulu uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela. Ukungakwazi indoda lempi, wayegqoke isihloko marshal. Yena udumo indima enkulu ngokufaka amasosha aseSoviet ngo-Afghanistan. Kwadingeka abe oshayelayo yezwe njengoba uNobhala Jikelele omusha ukufa uBrezhnev, kepha wanikela igunya Andropov Yuri Vladimirovich.

Uhlu namanye amalungu

Kuyo khona Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev, indlela yokwakheka uhlu amalungu uvezwa etafuleni njalo washintsha, ukwakha isakhiwo umzimba omkhulu zokuphatha yezwe.

Igama eliphelele	Iminyaka yobulungu Politburo
UNikolai Voronov	1963 .... 1971
Dmitry Polyansky	1960 ... .1976
Kirill Mazur	1965 ... .1978
Andrei Kirilenko	1962 ... 1982
Alexander Shelepin	1964 ... .1975
Peter Shelest	1964 ... .1973
Viktor grishin	1971 ... 1986
fedor Kulakov	1971 ... 1978
Dinmuhamed Kunayev	1971 ... 1987
Vladimir Scherbitsky	1971 ... .1989
Yuri Andropov	1973 ... .1984
Andrei Grechko	1973 ... 1976
Andrei Gromyko	1973 ... 1988
UGrigory Romanov	1976 .... 1985
uMikhail Gorbachev	1980 ... .1991
UNikolai Tikhonov	1979 ... .1985
Konstantin Chernenko	1978 ... .1985
Heydar Aliyev	1982 ... .1987

Imininingwane emfushane umlandvomufi

Ilungu ngalinye, ilungu wake we Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev (ukwakheka, ubudala, izithombe ethulwa ngendlela emfushane curriculum vitae), negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni waba namandla amakhulu.

Leonid uBrezhnev

Wazalelwa 1906 edolobhaneni Kamenka (Ukraine). Wafunda esikoleni sokuzivocavoca, sokufunwa College, i-Institute of Metallurgy. Waphumelela career party. SeMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili waphasiswa Leonidom Brezhnevym e isikhundla isisebenzi zezombusazwe.

Ngo-1960 yena ephethwe i CCCP BC. Ngenxa ukwesula Khrushchev, belungiselela okwakuthatha ingxenye esebenzayo, yena waba unobhala lokuqala Communist Party 1964, futhi ngo-1966 - noNobhala-Jikelele. Abaphila Besikhathi libhekene Leonida Ilicha njengoba friendly, umfowethu onomoya ophansi, esiphezulu kanye nabasebenzi bakahulumeni olandelanayo.

Phakathi isikhathi esichithwa oshayelayo of anda okwedlulele engenayo uBrezhnev kuzwelonke, baye basungula ezinye umkhakha, kodwa ngesikhathi athuthukile efanayo ubushiqela futhi kwaba ukuqala iqhaza ye-USSR empini Afghan.

Mikhail Suslov

Usuku lokuzalwa - 21.11.1902 ngonyaka. Indawo yokuzalwa: emzaneni Shahovskaya sifundazwe Saratov. Umndeni wazalwa Mikhail Suslov wayengomunye walaba izigaba empofu kakhulu yenhloko-abalimi, futhi ithuba lokufunda nokuthuthukisa le nsizwa uvele kuphela obhekwe amandla Soviet.

umsebenzi Active emkhakheni beqembu, ukuthuthela eMoscow futhi eminye ukukhuthaza umugqa party kuholela yokuthi eseluphele sasivumela abasha - iminyaka engamashumi amane, Suslov kumhlasela okuthunyelwe ka uNobhala laseStavropol Territory. Ngezenzo isebenzisa owayo nemigomo Stalin futhi ngenxa yalokho iba ideologist esemqoka ye Union - i wephephandaba "Pravda". Kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe (kuze 1982) kwaba ilungu Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev.

Arvid Pel'she

Wazalelwa eLatvia ngo-1899, ngo-January, emkhayeni wabantu abavamile. Wayeyisisebenzi elula ku Riga, ngesikhathi esifanayo yena wajoyina i-Social Democratic Party of Latvia. Ngezenzo olwenziwa inkulumo-ze wamavukelambuso. Ngokuzimisela 1917.

Zonke umsebenzi okwalandela Arvid Yanovich kuye kwahlotshaniswa imisebenzi party futhi nokufundisa iRed Army futhi Navy. Phakathi nempi wayeyisosha yayilungiselela Izishoshovu party. Yena uye aphethwe indzima lesembili Politburo Soviet ngaphansi uBrezhnev, indlela yokwakheka uhlu amalungu incike umbono Pel'she.

Alexei Kosygin

Wazalelwa Petersburg ngo-1904. Yena waba yisosha, bese wathola i-diploma ye-Leningrad Textile Institute.

Wayesebenza indlela yakhe kusukela master kumqondisi "Okthoba" endaweni yokukhanda. Ngo-1939, ilungu leKomiti Central we CPSU (b) wakhethwa. Kusukela ngalowo mzuzu kuqhubeke party umsebenzi Alexei Nikolaevich laqala ukukhula. Phakathi nempi wayeyisosha ephethwe i Commissariat leKomiti for Civil Defense futhi bahlanganyela ukwakhiwa kwalesi "Road of Life" kusukela Leningrad ovinjezelwe. Ngemva konyaka, ngemva uzowanqoba amaNazi wakhethwa Usihlalo Council of Ministers futhi ilungu Politburo we CCCP. Ngenxa Ukuwohloka impilo yaxoshwa post yakhe, washona ngo-1980.

UNikolai Voronov

Wazalelwa 1899 in the abasebenzi umndeni yasebhange, ngubani-ke waba uthisha edolobhaneni. Ngaphandle ephothula sokuzivocavoca amakilasi eziyisishiyagalombili, kusukela 1917 uye wasebenza komkhakha wamabhange. Waze wavolontiya impi ngamaviyo wezikhali, bahlanganyela kulwiwa. Walimalela. Waphothula Ephakeme wezikhali School ke kusukela Academy Military yaqanjwa Mikhail Frunze PKKA.

Phakathi nempi, ngo-1943, wayala wezikhali. UNikolai Voronov ngqa emlandweni we-Soviet Union waklonyeliswa isihloko Marshal of wezikhali kanye Chief Marshal of wezikhali. Ngokuphindaphindiwe wavakashela phambi nommeleli amazinga uMkhuzi. A professional isosha, umkhuzi nesibindi futhi onekhono Nikolay Nikolaevich Voronov waklonyeliswa imiklomelo eminingi, kuhlanganise i the Order of Lenin futhi indondo "3olotaya 3vezda"

Dmitry Polyansky

Wazalwa ku emkhayeni ompofu abahlala emzini Luhansk esifundeni Slavyanoserbsk. Ukuba matasa ngokwemvelo, wahlanganyela impilo somuzi, nesithakazelo party yekuphila. Ngemva kokuthola iziqu laseKharkov Institute wezoLimo wangena ebuthweni lezempi. Demobilized, uqala ukuqeqeshwa ngaleso Higher Party School, parallel eqondisa commissariat lesifunda Komsomol.

Phakathi nempi wayeyisosha wasebenza langemuva. Kubonisa ngokwaso njengoba umholi omkhulu, njalo ngifuna ezintsha izixazululo nezindaba. Kusukela ngo-1945, yena Ikhuluma izindaba zokukhula yezolimo Orenburg. Hlobanisa ka N. S. Hruscheva, Polanski kahle isitebhisi party, futhi kusukela ngo-1958 wamiswa njengephayona elivamile Usihlalo Council of Ministers of CCCP. Njengoba sekunama-uBrezhnev kuqala wahlanganyela kwezolimo njengoba ungqongqoshe CX, bese bekhonza njengoba inxusa eJapane naseNorway.

Kirill Mazur

Wazalwa ngo-1914 edolobhaneni Rudnya Gomel esifundeni emkhayeni omkhulu, lapho wayengomncane kunabo bonke. ilukuluku aqaphelekayo ikhono lokufunda - wayengathi kakade ukufunda nokubhala eminyakeni eyisithupha. Ngemva kwesikole, wabhalisa College Road. Ngangifisa umshayeli umsebenzi, kodwa akusebenzanga ngenxa yamehlo. Njengoba waba yisosha, ngo amabutho ujantshi, wafundisa we umnyango zezombusazwe ngesikhathi ujantshi Belarusian.

Phakathi nempi, waba umhleli we ukunyakaza engabandlululi eBelarus. Ngemva kwempi waqhubeka Umqansa yakhe isikhundla esiphakeme party - uNobhala Okokuqala iCommunist Party of Belarus kuya Okokuqala Umsizi Usihlalo we-USSR Council of Ministers. indoda Olumangalisayo futhi abanesibindi, uCyril Trofimovich eminyakeni obunokuthula wahlanganyela nokusizwa kwalabo abangaboni izinduna yabashokobezi abalala ukusolwa ngokuba imbuka. Wayelethwa ngizoxoshwa ekupheleni 70s. Washona ngo-1989.

Andrei Kirilenko

Wazalelwa 1906 e sifundazwe Voronezh edolobhaneni Alekseevka emkhayeni abathintekayo embonini yezokudoba Artisanal. Alekseevskaya kuphothula esikoleni sokufundela, wasebenza emayini, njalo wahlanganyela party kanye nenyunyana umsebenzi. Wathweswa iziqu kusukela Rybinsk ATI. Ilungu le Communist kwamaBolshevik Party kusukela 1931.

Umugqa party ifikile ibanga elide kuze kube okuthunyelwe Yokuqala Isekela Usihlalo Bureau of the CPSU Central Committee, uNobhala CPSU. Wayengumuntu labahluleli embonini futhi omunye ababezobhapathizwa sokuba nguNobhala Jikelele ngemva uBrezhnev. Mayelana kokufa Leonida Ilicha u ehloniphekile pensioned off.

UNikolai Podgorny

Wazalelwa emkhayeni isigaba sabasebenzi cast 1903 edolobhaneni Karlovka e-Ukraine. Wayesebenza esitolo emshinini, kanye nabanye abantu bezentengiselwano nengxenye ekudalweni lenhlangano Komsomol e Karlovka.

Ngo-1939, Nicolai baba Isekela Commissar for Ukraine umkhakha ukudla CCP. Ngo-1940 - Isekela Yabantu Commissar embonini ukudla. Ngemva kwempi, wadala iziphathimandla zaseSoviet ezindaweni yakhululwa amaNazi e-Ukraine, ihlelwe ukudla. On the isikhundla likaNobhala Okokuqala leKomiti Central wase-USSR UNikolai Podgorny ubelokhu esebenza ukuze ubuyisele emnothweni labhujiswa ngokuhlakanipha ekuthuthukiseni inhlalakahle yabantu. An abanolwazi party isisebenzi, uye isikhathi esiningi nokuzikhandla ukuze sikwazi ukuthuthukiswa inkambo CPSU futhi lithwalwe ukusebenza. Yena izindondo eziningi ngenxa yosizo lwakhe LamaKhomanisi.

Alexander Shelepin

Wazalelwa Agasti 1918 emzini Voronezh. uyise ka-Alexander wasebenza njengesisebenzi sikahulumeni. Imfundo ephakeme e MIFLI. Phakathi WWII ukuqasha intsha Izishoshovu amaqembu yabashokobezi.

Ngemva kwempi, waba unobhala wokuqala, futhi ngemva ephethwe i-Komsomol. , Wengamela nokulungiselela kanye ukubamba Sixth Umhlaba Festival of Youth and Students. Ngo-1958, Khrushchev waqokwa ikhanda wama-KGB Shelepin. Alexander kabusha umsebenzi wama-KGB ngokuphelele, ezibheka inombolo engakaze ibonwe kwabasebenzi, kufakwe endaweni yawo party futhi Komsomol abasebenzi. Ngo-1961, Shelepin sikhethwe isikhundla sokuba uNobhala CPSU. Kuthathwa umhleli oyinhloko we ugobe uNikita Khrushchev. Ilungu le Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev waqala ngo-1964. Ngo-July 1967 wayethethelela zehliswa ezikhundleni futhi ngokushesha ngokusebenzisa nozungu waxoshwa Politburo.

Peter Shelest

Wazalelwa emzaneni sifundazwe Andreevka laseKharkov emkhayeni abalimi abampofu. Kwaphela iminyaka emine wafundiswa eSikoleni we County, futhi wabe esehola ama-career yakhe kwaloliwe, esebenza postman. Yena wajoyina i-Komsomol. Ilungu le-party kusukela 1928. Wathunyelwa umsebenzi party Kusukela 1940.

Phakathi nempi, wahlanganyela ukuthi amabhizinisi redeveloped zezimboni ukwenziwa imikhiqizo lempi. Ngo sixties ekuseni wakhethwa uNobhala lokuqala iCommunist Party of Ukraine. Wahlanganyela ngenkuthalo enhlanganweni sokuchema nehhovisi Khrushchev sika. Yena wavuzwa imizamo - yaba ilungu le Politburo. Ngezenzo ukuvikela izithakazelo kwezomnotho Ukraine, parallel asekelayo Folk art. Wagudluzwa le Politburo ngokusemthethweni ngenxa yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Walwa sokuzibusa Ukraine, emva ukwesula ukuvakashelwa indlela ayebukeka ngayo emphakathini Kiev. Washona ngo-1996.

Viktor grishin

Wazalelwa emzini Serpukhov, esifundeni eMoscow ngo-September 1914. Ngemva kokuphela esikoleni sesitimela Serpukhov wafunda YaseMoscow College of geodesic. Ngemva kokukhonza e-Army, lapho akhonza khona njengombonisi zampolitruka baqhubeka intuthuko emgqeni party.

Ngo-1956 wamiswa Usihlalo Trade Unions ngo-1967 baba unobhala lokuqala Yedolobha YaseMoscow Party Committee. Ukuze kungabonakali eMoscow Party inhlangano inhlukano efaneleyo waklonyeliswa isihloko Hero of Socialist Labour.

fedor Kulakov

Wazalelwa emkhayeni abalimi ngo-1918. Indawo yokuzalwa - emzaneni Fitizh raylona Lgov eKursk esifundeni. Sezolimo namahlathi ngokuqeqesha iziqu Rila Agricultural College ngo-1939. Kusukela 1941, washeshe wahileleka umsebenzi party, nxa ufika ngokusebenzisa kwababusi yokuma Lisekela leNdvuna we RSFSR Abaculi Union ngo-1955, futhi ngo-1959 - ungqongqoshe amabhikawozi RSFSR. Wake wasebenza njengoMbhishobhi yoMnyango we selhozotdelom CPSU Central Committee. Wayengumuntu ezwana nama Brezhnevym L. I. wafa ngokuzumayo ngo-1978.

Dinmuhamed Kunayev

Wazalelwa 1912 eKazakhstan, emndenini wezinkomo abalimi. Kahle esikoleni ekolishi. Ngokuqinisekile indlela yabo party isisebenzi waqala njengoba uNobhala Okokuqala iCommunist Party of Kazakhstan. I shoka ngempumelelo ukusebenza inqubomgomo CPSU Central Committee, eliholwa leonid uBrezhnev, ogama ethembekile kwaba. Ngo-1952 Dinmuhamed Kunayev wamukelwa ngonyaka 1971 njengelungu leKomiti Central we CPSU. Wagudluzwa konke okuthunyelwe kwakhe 1986-1987. Washona ngo-1993.

Vladimir Scherbitsky

Wazalelwa 1918 emndenini wabasebenzi Ukraine. Lapho esemusha wayengumuntu uyilungu elisebenzayo Komsomol. Ngokusho imfundo yayo ephakeme - wemishini. Ngesikhathi kuqala impi, wafunda Military Academy of ukuvikelwa amakhemikhali, wayesebanga wakhonza njengephayona ngamaloli eNingizimu eCaucasus. Ngemva demobilization wayesebenza Party umsebenzi, kuqala ikomidi emzini iCommunist Party of Ukraine, ngaleso sikhathi esikhundleni uNobhala iCommunist Party of Ukraine. Kusukela ngo-1961 kuya 1963 yayingesinye Usihlalo Council of Ministers Ukraine SSR. Kusukela ngo-1955 BC yiphini USSR, futhi kusukela ngo-1958 - i-USSR. ilungu KaHulumeni BC Ukrainian CCP futhi CCCP. izinqubomgomo ezisebenzayo kanye asebenzayo, uvikelwe ukuthuthukiswa ukunyakaza ubuzwe e-Ukraine, ayenziwa umnotho kanye namasiko. Uye bagxekwa bewafihla ngezimo zale ngozi eChernobyl. Wasula ekubeni ngesikhathi ekufuna ka uMikhail Gorbachev.

Yuri Andropov

Usuku lokuzalwa - 15.06.1914 ngonyaka. Ubaba wayesebenza ku ujantshi ku laseStavropol esifundeni, afundiswa umama wakhe umculo esikoleni samantombazane. Yuri wayengumfundi okhuthele esikoleni. Ngemva kokuphothula wakhe, waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe ekolishi bese - emnyangweni ukuxhumana we Ephakeme Party School leKomiti Central. Njengoba waqala umsebenzi wakhe njengoba isisebenzi abavamile, yena waba unobhala lokuqala Komsomol e Yaroslavl iminyaka emibili. Ngemva kweMpi Finnish ihlelwe Komsomol amaseli e-Republic Karelian-Finnish. Umsebenzi wakhe ngempumelelo kulo mkhakha wabonwa abaholi beqembu eMoscow, futhi ngo-1950 Yuri Vladimirovich idluliselwe okuthunyelwe ka-Inspector leKomiti Central eMoscow, bese ithunyelwa Ambassador yeHungary. Entwasahlobo ka-1967 Andropov oqokelwe yomnyango Usihlalo KGB. Iminyaka engu-15 umsebenzi wakhe kulesi sikhundla Andropov, i-KGB wafuna umthelela omkhulu yonke imikhakha yempilo e-USSR. Ngezenzo ukuphishekela siqinise impi yokulwa nenkohlakalo emikhakheni eliphakeme kwamandla. Ngemva kokufa uBrezhnev, Andropov kwaba waqokwa uNobhala Jikelele. Wabusa ezweni ngesandla liqinile, khuyini wahlangana ukwesekwa phakathi kwabantu abavamile. Washona ngo-1984.

Andrei Grechko

Wazalelwa 1903 edolobhaneni Golodaevka Kuibyshev wesifunda, Rostov esifundeni. Amasosha, kusukela ngo-1939 - iNhloko Special Cavalry Division Bobo. Phakathi Okwesibili Umhlaba wayala ukwahlukana abakhwele amahhashi, 1942 - Commander. WAKHE OMFUSHANE Wakhonza njengombonisi iPhini induna Voronezh Front ngo-Oktoba 1943. B-1945 Andreyu Antonovichu Grechko waklonyeliswa isihloko Marshal zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Kusukela ngo-1957 - Isekela LikaNgqongqoshe Okokuqala Wezokuvikela, 1967 - uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela, ilungu Politburo. Washona ngo-1976.

Andrei Gromyko

Wazalelwa Julayi 1909 edolobhaneni sifundazwe Old Gromyki Mogilev. Wayesebenza engu-13 e-ingxubevange, noyise ndawonye. Ngempumelelo wafundiswa zokubonisa umsebenzi engunobhala lokuqala Komsomol bese Party, esitokisini. Wathweswa iziqu kusukela Minsk Economic Institute. Wayesebenza njengoba umqondisi esikoleni sendawo. Njengoba omunye intsha isuke isebenza kakhulu wathunyelwa lokuyofunda Academy of Sciences of the BSSR njengoba umfundi, wathuthela eMoscow. Ilokhu wahlanganyela self-imfundo, ngisho umcabango wokuthi kukhona umsebenzi umshayeli lempi, kodwa ihlulekile ubudala. Ngo-1939, wafika kulowo inkonzo zamanxusa ngoba wayazi ngesiNgisi. Umsuka yesigaba sabasebenzi, okungukuthi, ngezindlela eziningi zivumelane Party Central Committee. Kwaba ohlakaniphile abanekhono kakhulu, ngenxa bomsebenzi wabo nesitendi ecacile. Ngo-1957 futhi isikhathi eside engu-28 , lapho u-Andrei Gromyko baba wezangaPhandle. Washona ngo-1989.

UGrigory Romanov

Wazalelwa 1923 edolobhaneni Zihnovo Novgorod Region emndenini abalimi. Le mpi yaba signalman, kusukela ngo-1944 - ilungu party. Imfundo ephakeme Leningrad shipbuilding Institute. Ukuthuthukisa i-career kwizimboni umugqa party - ngo-1970 waba nguNobhala Okokuqala Leningrad Regional Committee CPSU. Iminyaka engamashumi amabili ilungu leKomiti Central LamaKhomanisi, ekubeni ilungu Politburo, wayephethe eyinkimbinkimbi samasosha ezimbonini. Kwaba lukhuni futhi umholi ayekethise. Wabe esethatha umhlalaphansi emva kokuqokwa kwakhe esikhundleni sokuba nguNobhala Jikelele MS Gorbachev. Ohola impesheni. Washona ngo-2008.

Dmitry Ustinov

Wazalelwa e Samara ngo-1908 abampofu kanye ongumlimi umkhaya omkhulu. Ngasebenza iminyaka engu-10, ngo parallel wafunda locksmith. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-14, waphonsa inkatho yakhe ebuthweni, ngokujoyina kwababusi abavikeli kweSoviet amandla Basmachi izigcwelegcwele e-Uzbekistan, lapho nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela ukubaleka indlala nobumpofu. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-19, wahlanganyela kwamaBolshevik Party. Diploma lwemfundo ephakeme eLeningrad. Umsebenzi yakhiwa ngokushesha - ngaphambi nje kwempi baba Commissar izikhali zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Developed ezingemuva umkhakha kwezempi ngaphambili, akakwazi kwaba sincerely nikela kuze iqembu, okuyiwona yena yanikezelwa elisezingeni uMajor General. Ngemva kwempi waqhubeka njengoba uNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1984.

uMikhail Gorbachev

indodana ongumlimi sika, uMikhail Gorbachev wazalwa ngo-1931 e-laseStavropol esifundeni. Kusukela esemusha wasebenza ensimini. medalist Isiliva, ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme engena ubuhlakani umthetho eMoscow State University. Le nyuvesi wajoyina i-Komsomol, futhi ngemva kokuthola diploma imfundo ephakeme waqala ukusebenza njengoba unobhala laseStavropol Komsomol. Ngithola okukhethekile olwengeziwe sezolimo namahlathi Okwezomnotho. ekuthuthukiseni ngempumelelo emgqeni we Party, Gorbachev ngokushesha osezithola eMoscow, futhi isiphetho sakhe uzobe kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa enhlokodolobha. Ngu-1978, kokuba yilungu leQembu LamaKhomanisi, njengoba uNobhala leKomiti Central ophethe ezolimo Union. He is ilungu Politburo ngaphansi uBrezhnev.

UNikolai Tikhonov

Wazalelwa 1905 esifundeni Moscow, edolobhaneni Petrovo Far. uyise UNikolai sasisebenza wobunjiniyela. INdodana ngalandela ezinyathelweni zakhe - ngemva kokutadisha e izindlela lobuchwepheshe yokuxhumana, bese Metallurgical Institute, wasebenza wobunjiniyela e laseDnepropetrovsk. Phakathi nempi wayeyisosha kwaba umqondisi izitshalo Metallurgical, ngemva ophethe umkhakha ipayipi-kweqa njengoba uNgqongqoshe yokusansimbi ayoni. ukukhula umsebenzi Cijela waqala ngemva eza namandla, uBrezhnev, okuyinto Tikhonov mathupha bajwayelane 1930. Vice-Ndunankulu yohulumeni, ilungu CPSU Central Committee, likaNgqongqoshe lokuqala prime, futhi kusukela ngo-1979 - ilungu Politburo. Ngo-1980, Tikhonov liba sesikhundleni esiphakeme CCCP Council of Ministers. ukuzinikezela eqaphelekayo futhi bemlahlile nozungu. Wasula ekubeni esikhundleni sakhe ngemuva kokufika M. S. Gorbacheva.

Konstantin Chernenko

Wazalelwa Septhemba 1911 edolobhaneni sifundazwe Bolshaya Tes Yenisei. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, wazikhandla. Ukuba yilungu Komsomol ngo-1929, abasebenza eMnyangweni ukuyaluza wenhlangano i-Komsomol. Ngo-1930 esima ku lamabutho emdeni NKVD futhi kungakabiphi baba umkhuzi walo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena zahlangana KwamaBolshevik Party. Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, ephothula Ephakeme Party School ke wasebenza njengoba unobhala lesifunda ekomidini party emzini Penza. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uKonstantin Chernenko idluliselwe eMoldova, lapho ehlangana leonid uBrezhnev. Party umsebenzi uConstantine Ustinovich ngokucijile wenyuka ngo-1978 waba ilungu Politburo. Wakhethwa uNobhala Jikelele we-CPSU ngemva kokufa Andropov, kodwa wahlala kulesi sikhundla ngoba kancane isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Washona ngo-1985.

Heydar Aliyev

Wazalelwa 1923 Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan SSR, washona ngo-Melika ngo-2003. WayeyiZwi ingane wesine emkhayeni usebenza ujantshi. Bonke abazali Heydar nginezingane eziyisishiyagalombili. Wathweswa iziqu the Pedagogical Technical School, kuhlelwe ukuqhubeka nemfundo yabo-Faculty of Architecture Imboni Institute e Baku, kodwa impi wangenela. Kusukela 1941, Aliyev wasebenza-KGB: okokuqala njengoba kwenhloko yomnyango we NKVD. Ngemva kokudlulisa izifundo zokuqeqesha nokujoyina kwababusi CPSU (b) uba inhloko Omkhulu Wesihlanu Directorate of the Ministry of State Security we Azerbaijan CCP. Kakhulu zidla ubhedu angaphandle intelligence enkundleni. Ngo-1969 wakhethwa uNobhala Okokuqala leKomiti Central of Azerbaijan SSR Communist Party, seyenze inqubekela phambili siqinise impi yokulwa nenkohlakalo ezisezikhundleni eziphakeme kunazo zonke. Phakathi nokubusa Aliyev, Azerbaijan lifinyelele ukukhula komnotho okukhulu. Wayengumuntu umnakekeli wezilwane isiqoqi sama-softwe, umkhakha ukukhanya, ezokuthutha umkhakha. Ngemva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngo-1990, wabuyela ezweni lakubo.