Omsk Metro. Kungani imiswe okwesikhashana ukwakhiwa?

Omsk - idolobha elikhulu lezimboni. Waba "millionika" emuva ngo-1979. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho umbono ukudala Omsk Metro. Nokho, samuntu izinhlelo iminyaka eminingi ukusakazeka.

indaba

Ngakho, kuqale nge emigqeni tram. Baqala phakathi nawo-30 yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, lolu hlobo ezokuthutha ayenziwa. Phakathi sabantu bayindlala kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuntuleka izindlela ukuthola azungeze umuzi.

Engxenyeni ekhulwini XX yesibili, ubuchwepheshe obusha ukwandisa isivinini izimoto. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1977 wavula indlela umgibeli №2 nge ukunyakaza ngesivinini izindlela. Nokho, ngo-1979 inani izakhamuzi ngokusemthethweni kudlulwe abantu 1 million. Ground izitimela uyekile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabantu.

Iziphathimandla zendawo kanye neKhomishini waqala ukuqhuba ucwaningo nokuthi umhlangano ukwakha Omsk Metro, futhi waqala nokuhlanganisa base ubufakazi ngesidingo ukuxhumana entsha. Ngosizo lochwepheshe eMoscow wayelungiselele sihlelele ekwakheni isakhiwo kuze 2000.

Ukunakwa kusukela State

Kodwa ngokuzimela Omsk ayikwazanga benze umsebenzi voluminous ezinjalo. Ngokusebenzisa ukuvivinya SI Manyakin - unobhala lokuqala LamaKhomanisi lekomiti yesifunda e-Omsk - iphrojekthi léthulwa ezingeni lonke futhi yemukela inkece eMoscow. Ngenxa ayedabula zonke izinqubo ukuhlanganisa kanye nokuvunywa Omsk Metro kwakudingeka siqale ukwakha ngo-1990.

Uhlelo lokuqala kwaba ukuthi zimbi nakakhulu Umhubhe komhlaba ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi ngonyaka kanye zone ezimbonini. Ngakho, emgqeni zazihlanganisa 8 amaphuzu, kusukela "Mechanical Engineers 'esiteshini eya" engakwesokunxele yasebhange "ibhange kwesokudla esisempumalanga yoMfula Irtysh. Igama elithi kokusebenza umsebenzi esalibele ngenxa yezinguquko sezombusazwe kuleliya lizwe futhi ekuqaleni crisis.

Into ngaphansi uhulumeni omusha

On isidingo sokuthi kwakhiwe Omsk Metro kabusha ucabanga uhulumeni ekupheleni kuka-1990 futhi umsebenzi waqhubeka ukulungiswa emazingeni ahlukahlukene. Ngo-1993, baqala ukwakhiwa eqondile. Nokho, ngenxa ezezimali abampofu ukwakhiwa Imigudu kwenziwa kancane, kanye nosuku ekupheleni akuyona uzwakalise.

Ushintsho lokuqala uhlelo

Kancane kancane, isimo emzini ishintshile. izimboni eziningi zaphela umsebenzi. Ukwandiswa umthwalo ngakolunye izinkomba main. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo olusha ngezidingo komhlaba kwahlongozwa ngo-1997. Wasikisela ukwakhiwa kwebhuloho kaMasipala futhi ubeke uphawu iziteshi ngebhange kwesokunxele River Irtysh.

Ukwakhiwa Omsk Metro lalibuswa siqu umbusi LK Polezhaeva. isimemezelo amaphuzu wakhe Ukufakelwa ziye uqambe kabusha kusuka "Red Road", "Boulevard of abaklami" futhi "Bus" e "Library kubo. NJENGOBA Pushkin "," crystal "," I Cathedral ". Wabika ukuthi kwethulwa kuzokwenzeka on izimoto ehlobo 2008

Ukuphumelela nokwehluleka

Ibhuloho ngoba ukuhamba izitimela nemoto wayeselulungele ukusebenza futhi livulekele izimoto e 2005. wabizwa ngokuthi "iminyaka engu-60 Ukunqoba." Ngaphansi ungqimba asphalt izindlela ezimbili ukuhambisa izimoto. Kuleli qophelo, eyinkimbinkimbi ukuze Drilling imigudu, phambi kumatasa kwelinye indawo, wayiswa kwebhuloho futhi waqala kucwila ukuya esiteshini "Zarechnaya."

Ukuze eside kuphela wakwazi ukuqeda ukulungiselwa izinto ezithile ibhange kwesokudla esiteshini. Ngenxa kokugqashuka we 2008 esibucayi , i-Metro Omsk uvele sidle. • Ukunciphisa esikhulu ngezimali umsebenzi ezenzeka mayelana ne ezihambayo inkampani ehhovisi izimayini ngobukhulu "Sibneft" ( "Gazprom Neft") Petersburg.

Ngo-May 2008, wohlu 70 cm obukhulu elimala. Ngenxa yalokho, ingxenye Imigudu amanzi yonke imishini zokuqhuba umsebenzi. On the yokutakula ubuchwepheshe yayithatha amasonto amaningana. umsebenzi Ngaphezu kwalokho kwenziwa kancane. Ngemva konyaka, lo muzi komhlaba Omsk ngesimo umugqa wokuqala wayekulungele kuphela ikota.

Ukuncishiswa imfucuza kanye nokongiwa

Ekuqaleni kweminyaka eyishumi omusha futhi akazange abe imali eyanele ukuze ukwazi ukunika amandla ukwakhiwa. Likahulumeni akusho ukwaba imali, futhi uhulumeni idolobha asekele into kakade kwakhiwa esimweni esifanele kuphela. Ngemva kokuvakashela Economic uNgqongqoshe wezokuThuthukiswa idolobha Elvira Nabiullina Omsk wathenjiswa ruble 1 billion resumption lomsebenzi.

Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, eziningi ongakhetha entsha ilungiselelo iziteshi nezitimela okuphakanyiswe. Ngakho, siye ithuthukiswe ngempumelelo isiteji mfushane ngoba baqale futhi ngehle esitimeleni abagibeli. Axazululiwe esikhundleni indinganiso 102 m, ibalwa namakalishi 5, ukuthuthukisa strip eside 60 m, ibalwa emithathu isici Ukwakheka zezinto zokuhamba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, esethulweni elindelekile of ezitimeleni ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle umshayeli. Ngokuqondene ithikithi yokuthengisa uya ukusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile. Lezi zinyathelo ngabe ukwehlisa nokugcinwa inqwaba abasebenzi.

yolunye

Waqhubeka nomsebenzi ehlobo lika-2011 sikhathi imoto kwaba qhuba ukuba Umhubhe kusukela "Crystal" ukuya esiteshini "Zarechnaya." uMbusi LK Polezhaev wamemezela umnqamulajuqu entsha ekuzigcwaliseni into - ekwindla 2015. Ngesikhathi esifanayo olwenziwa ukwakhiwa kuwelwa esiteshini "Library kubo. NJENGOBA Pushkin ", okusho lavulwa ukusetshenziswa umphakathi ekwindla ka 2011

Nokho, izimali ezibekelwe baphela ngokushesha. Lo msebenzi wawubhekwa lokuqala ehlile bese kwakushintsha ngokuphelele ukwakhiwa Omsk kaMasipala okwesikhashana. Ngo-2012, i-DA Medvedev njengomengameli we Russian Federation yabhekisela ukwakhiwa eside, futhi futhi emuva kwesikhathi ngonyaka wathola ethile yezezimali ku-akhawunti osonkontileka. Kodwa, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi ngokuphawulekayo esingaphansi edingekayo. Imisebenzi lapho beqeda izinto umisiwe unomphela.

izinhlelo ezikude

Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo ezimbi ezabehlela, ngokusemthethweni khona nokuxhumana Ezokuthutha Project. Ngakho, ngemva kokuqala kwesigaba sokuqala emgqeni №1 Kusolwa isandiso yayo ngebhange kwesokudla Irtysh. Kukhona umsebenzi ngakwazi ukubona kancane kwenziwe ngaphambili. Khona-ke Ukuqhubeka nokwakha ohlangothini kwesokunxele emfuleni kuze kube seqophelweni lokuba "Isikhumulo sezindiza". ukwakhiwa wesifunda isiqondiso wesibili ivume. It izobanjelwa kuhambisana Irtysh ibhange kwesokudla. Futhi kuhlelwe futhi ukwakhiwa komugqa wesithathu.

Nokho, zonke lezi amathemba afiphele. Ibhajethi umuzi nesifunda ngeke ngikwazi ukukhokhela isakhiwo omkhulu kangaka. Iziphathimandla Federal ungacabangi ukwakhiwa eside amaphrojekthi kuqala, ngakho kusukela isabelomali isimo inikeza kuphela umjovo encane, nokunikeza ezingavamile indawo ukusebenza kanye nokugqugquzela umsebenzi.

Ukulaxazwa kohlelo zakudala

Kancane kancane, kwabezindaba ezisemadolobheni baqala ukuxoxa umbuzo inzuzo esitimeleni. Ngemva kokuchitha izibalo, ochwepheshe bathole ukuthi ukwakhiwa isakhiwo base kumele kube ruble 24 bhiliyoni. Ukuze leli nani kufanele ukungezwa intengo compounds ephathekayo. Nokho, yaphawula ukuthi izindleko enjalo recouped umgibeli traffic ngeke.

uMbusi VI Nazarov uye wathatha isinyathelo kuqala ukuba nifaka izindlela sezivele zakhelwe tram ngesivinini. Inkampani "City Projects" wamenywa ukudala uhlelo. Umphumela ethulwa ezintathu ongakhetha ukuhlanganiswa e izimo entsha ukwakhiwa eside. Kuye utshalomali, Awenzelwe kufika ku-70% we lonke uhlelo lwezokuthutha Omsk.

izakhamuzi eziningi zakuleli dolobha kuhle ukhathele ukulinda lapho zizokwakha uthango Omsk Metro. Photo izikimu nge wesiteshi esisodwa kuveza ukukhungatheka abantu nezithembiso engapheli futhi IMIBONO kulesi sihloko.