Marshal Kliment Voroshilov: Biography, umndeni

Umlando ukubangisana kwemibuso emikhulu wobushiqela, iSoviet Union has a sebuningini kokubili zobuqhawe izahluko emnyama. Yayingeke kodwa ushiye isigxivizo phezu Umlandvomphilo zalabo asinikeze kanjani. Phakathi kwalezi abantu osebenza Kliment Voroshilov. Waphila impilo eside, okwakuyinto elingenalo ubuqhawe, kodwa unembeza wakhe eziningi ezimpilweni zabantu, ngoba isignesha yakhe ngaphansi abaningi uhlu hit.

Kliment Voroshilov: Biography

Ikusasa umholi odumile Soviet lempi owazalwa ngo-1881 edolobhaneni sifundazwe Upper Ekaterinoslav (manje Lisichansk). Uyise - Efrem Andreevich Voroshilov - wayeyisisebenzi ujantshi nonina - Maria V - isisebenzi suku.

Umndeni yayiyizwe elimpofu kakhulu, futhi eminyakeni 7 Clement waqala emsebenzini wakhe njengomalusi. Eminyakeni 1893-1895 ubehambele khona Zemstvo esikoleni edolobhaneni Vasilevka, okuyinto washiya ngemuva kweminyaka emibili ukungena Yurievskoe ibhizinisi Metallurgical. Ngo-1903 le nsizwa yahamba ukuba Lugansk, lapho eqala ukusebenza ngomhla simila esitimela Hartmann.

Ukubamba iqhaza ekulungiseleleni inguquko

Kwake kwathi ngo-imvelo abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe, Kliment abasha Voroshilov eyayihilelekile imisebenzi emelene nohulumeni. Ikakhulukazi, ngokushesha ukuba ngijoyine kwababusi RSDLP, futhi saya ngonyaka olandelayo waba ilungu lekomiti Luhansk kwamaBolshevik. Phakathi 1905 revolution, Voroshilov wahola isiteleka abasebenzi amabhizinisi endawo ancedisa elwa squads. Wakhethwa uyisihambeli 4 th futhi 5 th Party Congress. Ngo-1908 wayiswa umuntu Baku, lapho wahola emsebenzini party ngasese. Ekubuyeleni kwakhe e-Petrograd baqhubeka nemisebenzi yakhe izinguquko. Ngokuphindaphindiwe baboshwa futhi badingiselwa. Ikakhulukazi, ngoba ezinyangeni ezimbalwa wathunyelwa ngiqashwe amaphoyisa e Cherdynsky emaphethelweni sifundazwe Arkhangelsk.

iminyaka 1917-1918

Ngemva Februwari Revolution Voroshilov Kliment Efremovich wakhethwa ilungu Petrograd Soviet kanye RDA we Sixth Party Congress. Khona-ke wathunyelwa Luhansk lakubo ngoMashi 1917 walibangisa ikomidi lendawo we amaBolshevik, kusukela ngo-August - I City Council kanye State Duma.

Izenzakalo mbuso ka izinsuku wamiswa esikhundleni sokuba uKhomishani Petrograd Revolutionary Military iKomidi wendawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yena F. Dzerzhinsky ubekhona inhlangano Cheka.

Ukwenyuka kwesibalo e-Ukraine kwaholela yokuthi ngoMashi 1918, Kliment Voroshilov ebuyela ekhaya, wahlela Okokuqala Lugansk lamabutho, eholwa sivikele laseKharkov kusukela amabutho aseJalimane-Austria.

Phakathi Yombango

Wazibonakalisa umkhuzi abanesibindi ku Ukraine Kliment umkhuzi ngokushesha ezimisiwe amabutho eqembu Tsaritsyn. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi wakhe waqhubeka echuma kakhulu, futhi phakathi kulwiwa, bekatsatsa izikhundla eziningi ezibalulekile. Ikakhulukazi, Kliment Voroshilov kwaba iphini yenkulungwane ilungu Military oPhethe Southern Front, wahola Army 10th, Wabantu Commissariat Wezangaphakathi Ukraine, laseKharkov Military lesiFunda yangaphakathi Front Ukraine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nguye umhleli futhi ilungu Revolutionary Military oPhethe Okokuqala Cavalry Army.

Omunye Amakhasi emnyama Umlandvomphilo of Voroshilov kwaba iqhaza lakhe ngo-1921 e nokucindezela i-Kronstadt ukuhlubuka. Ngemva kwalezi zenzakalo, wamiswa ilungu South-East-Bureau of the Party Central Committee, kanye induna North eCaucasus IN.

Kusukela ngo-1924 kuze kube ngo-1925 eneminyaka engu-induna eMoscow Military lesiFunda ilungu Revolutionary Military Council yase-USSR.

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi nenkathi efanayo Voroshilov abavikela Bolshoi Theatre, futhi wayaziwa njengomuntu owayethanda esikhulu ballet.

Ngesikhathi okuthunyelwe Wezokuvikela Commissar

Ngemva kokufa Mikhail Frunze, Voroshilov baba usihlalo Revolutionary Military Council yase-USSR futhi wahola umnyango asolwandle yezwe, futhi eminyakeni 1934-1940 - Wabantu Commissariat Wezokuvikela zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Sekukonke, okuthunyelwe bekatsatsa ngoba cishe engu-15 edlule, okuyinto uhlobo irekhodi nenkathi yamaSoviet. Voroshilov Kliment Efremovich (1881-1969) babenedumela lokuba abasekeli abaqotho kakhulu Stalin wamnika ukwesekwa ngempumelelo ekulweni Trotsky. Ngo-October 1933, walihamba nethimba uhulumeni ukuba Turkey, lapho, kanye Ataturk bamukela umbukiso wezempi e Ankara.

Ngo-November 1935, isinqumo we-CEC futhi Sovnarkom wase-USSR yena waklonyeliswa isihloko asanda kusungulwa ka Marshal zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

iminyaka 5 Ngemva kwesikhashana, lapho yaxoshwa post yakhe njengoba Commissar, njengoba Stalin akazange ekulindele ngesikhathi seMpi Finnish. Nokho, Voroshilov hhayi aphanga futhi waqokwa ikhanda wezokuVikela Committee SNK zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Ukuhlanganyela Kliment Voroshilov ukuba repressions kukaStalin

Esikhathini kusuka 1937 kuya ku-1938, Voroshilov, phakathi kwezinye abameleli abaningi elite zezombusazwe Soviet nengxenye Ukuhlola uhlu lwabantu, okuyinto kwakufanele ukuba zijezise ngokuvunyelwa kukaStalin siqu. Bonke labo ngiwafaka Kamuva esingu. Ngakho, Voroshilov isignesha itholakala ku uhlu 185, okwakukhona kuwo amagama abantu 18,000.

Njengelungu le Politburo, Clement Voroshilov lasemukela lesi okuthiwa asethe imikhawulo, r. E. Isibalo quota becindezela. Ikakhulukazi, ngo-Ephreli 1938,, kanye Stalin, Kaganovich, Molotov futhi Yezhov ngemvume nesinqumo ngoyebo, owawuthi ngokuba esifundeni sase-Irkutsk inani labantu ababelaye sadutshulwa, iye linyuke ngabantu abangu-4 000.

Njengoba Yabantu Commissar Wezokuvikela Voroshilov Kliment Efremovich wathatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ushushiso aqondiswe izinduna iRed Army, eminyakeni yokuqala impi ke kwaba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele. Ngakho, kwenye uhlu, ehlanganisa amagama 26 izinduna, wabhala: "Cde Yezhov. Thatha zonke scoundrels ... "

Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi K. E. Voroshilov, ilungu State Defense iKomidi, nabo babeba izikhundla:

• Induna isiqondiso North-West (kufika ku 05/09/41);
• Leningrad phambi umlawuli;
• amazinga omele for kumiswa kwezinhloko zamaviyo;
• inhloko yabangamashumi Trophy Committee ye-T-izikweletu;
• Webutho ukunyakaza yabashokobezi ;
• Usihlalo Commission on the ukuxolelana.

Thumela imisebenzi kwempi

Ngo ngemva kwempi Eminyakeni yokuqala, Marshal Voroshilov wahola Allied Control Commission eHungary. Parallel kule, kuze 1953, wayengumuntu Isekela Usihlalo we-USSR Council of Ministers. Futhi emva kweminyaka 7 oholwa KaHulumeni of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Ukufa kanye nokwenza amalungiselelo omngcwabo

Kliment Voroshilov, ogama umsebenzi ukukhula phakathi namashumi eminyaka bokugcina bokuphila kwakhe kumisiwe ngenxa engiyesaba kunazo zonke ukukhohlwa, wafa ngo-December 2, 1969 eneminyaka engu-engu-89. Marshal wangcwatshwa eMoscow, ezibiyele udonga ku-Red Square. Ngokusho akhawunti wesimanje, kwakuyizwi emikhulu emcimbini wokuqala emngcwabeni yokuvalelisa sokuphathwa eminyakeni USSR amabili esidlulile kusukela emngcwabeni Zhdanov.

Umndeni nezingane

Kliment Voroshilov unkosikazi - Golda Davidovna Gorbman - kwaba wokholo lwamaJuda, kodwa umshado nge othandekayo wakhe ebhapathizwa futhi wathatha igama uCatherine. Lesi senzo kwabathukuthelisa izihlobo esingumJuda intombazane, ngubani wakhe ngisho uqalekisiwe. Ngo-1917, uCatherine Davidovna bajoyine RSDLP iminyaka eminingi wake wasebenza njengesikhulu lomqondisi Museum V I. Lenina.

Kwenzeka isimanga ukuthi emndenini obumbene futhi uma Voroshilovs hhayi abe nezingane zabo. Kodwa bona babethatha ku bekhulisa izingane eziyizintandane M. V Frunze: Timur, owabulawa phambili ngo-1942, futhi Tatiana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1918, lo mbhangqwana bamukela umfana uPetru, kamuva owaba umklami abadumile, futhi wasukuma ukuba esikhundleni esiphezulu sombutho jikelele. Kusukela kuye lo mbhangqwana kwadingeka nabazukulu ababili - futhi uVladimir Klim.

udumisa

Klim Voroshilov kuyinto knight cishe yonke imiklomelo phezulu i-USSR. Ikakhulukazi, kabili wathola isihloko Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Yena 8 oda of Lenin futhi 6 - Red Banner, nezinye imiklomelo eminingi, kuhlanganise amazwe. Ikakhulukazi, induna iqhawe eMongolia, a Knight iGrand Cross Finland kanye isakhamuzi zokuhlonipha komuzi Turkish Izmir.

I perpetuation imemori

Phakathi nokuphila K. E. Voroshilov baba okhazinyulisiwe kakhulu sibalo lempi kulwiwa, ngemva kwalokho waqamba ingoma ebizwa amapulazi collective, imikhumbi, izimboni kanye nokunye. D.

Ukuze kuhlonishwe yakhe wawubizwa ngokuthi emadolobheni amaningana:

• Voroshilovgrad (Lugansk) uqambe kabusha kabili futhi yabuyisela leli gama zomlando kuphela ngo-1990.
• Voroshilovsk (Alchevsk). Kulesi marshal edolobheni ebusheni bakhe futhi waqala imisebenzi yakhe party ukusebenza.
• Voroshilov (Ussuriysk, Primor).
• Voroshilovsk (laseStavropol, kusukela ngo-1935 ukuze 1943).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, igama aluphala Khoroshevsky isifunda dolobha wesifunda eyinhloko emzini laseDonetsk.

Kuze kube namuhla, Voroshilov emgwaqweni lapho kunenqwaba yamadolobha ezwe elaliyi-USSR. Phakathi kwabo, lo Zezıhlabane Key, Togliatti, Brest, Orenburg, Penza, Ershov, Serpukhov, Korosten, kwase-Angarsk, Voronezh, eKhabarovsk, Klintsy, eKemerovo, Lipetsk, Rybinsk, Petersburg, Simferopol, eChelyabinsk Izhevsk. Ngo Rostov-on-Don has futhi Voroshilov Avenue.

isizathu esikhethekile sokuba kukhulunywe ufanelwe ibheji ukuba unikezwe aleso kakhulu, evunyiwe ngasekupheleni 1932 futhi ngokuthi "Voroshilov Sharpshooter". Ngokwe izinkumbulo zabantu ngisemncane kule minyaka pre-impi, kwaba ehlonishwayo ukugqoka, futhi le nsizwa wafuna ngempela uyakufanelekela lokhu isithonjana.

Ukuze kuhlonishwe Klima Efremovicha liphinde okuthiwa uchungechunge KV amathangi, enziwa Putilov kwemboni, futhi eminyakeni 1941-1992 ke wazala igama Military Academy e-General Assembly Abasebenzi Armed Forces of the USSR.

Isikhumbuzo ukuze Kliment Voroshilov efakwe ethuneni lakhe. Futhi eMoscow ngesikhathi wendlu lengunombolo -3 ku Romanov Lane babe azisa ipuleti yesikhumbuzo.

Manje uyazi ezinye amaqiniso biography of yamaSoviet lempi yenkulungwane party umholi odumile Klima Efremovicha Voroshilova. Wonderful umndeni indoda kanye Patriot esikhulu ezweni lakubo, lapho, nokho, in the kweminyaka yokucindezelwa uStalin ethunyelwe kokufa ayizinkulungwane eziningana abantu, abaningi kubo abasekhona ungazange baba necala lowo asolwa bazokhuluma ukufa.