Operation "Citadel": ukunqotshwa isitha isikhali sakhe

Phakathi kwempi yezwe yesibili, ngo-1943, ku-Eastern Front zaqala ukushintsha kakhulu isimo. Phakathi nale nkathi kwakukhona azihlukanisa unomphela, okwaqala ngokubekwa Battle of kwaseStalingrad, lapho ngokuhamba ukusebenza "Uranus" amabutho aseSoviet esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe abehlula ibutho wesithupha Wehrmacht. Khona-ke, ngesikhathi zihlasela elwa nobusika 1943 abangu kakhulu kwaphoqa amabutho aseJalimane. Front sisimamiswe entwasahlobo lapho amabutho aseJalimane ngesikhathi esiphikisayo kuhlasela kuhlulekile ukuyeka ukuhamba iRed Army. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi lenzeka lelivakalako, okuyinto ehlobo kwalowo nyaka, kwagqashuka enye yezimpi zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho futhi omkhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni - Battle of eKursk. Operation "Citadel" - uhlelo umyalo German ukuba anqobe amasosha amaSoviet ku eKursk esifundeni - wangenwa isifo isigubhukane ephelele.

umyalo German basungula uhlelo ukuthunyelwa ezempi ehlobo ngo-1943. Omunye iziphakamiso main yikubenga negalelo egcwele ku eKursk ezimangalisayo, eyamukelwa. Ngo-April ke yagunyaza uhlelo ngokuthi "Operation" Citadel "," owawuthi amabutho aseJalimane abekade ukushaqeka kusuka tinkhombandlela ezimbili ukusika izivikelo zaseSoviet ezimbili. Qala kwakuhlelwe maphakathi no-ehlobo.

Siyabonga intelligence kwakuba nemibhalo ukuthi adalule ngokugcwele ukusebenza "Citadel", imisebenzi yayo esemqoka futhi izinkomba wezandla umyalo Soviet. Phakathi Soviet Ephakeme Umyalo we mhlangano kwanqunywa ukugcina ukuzivikela, futhi ngemva abaphikisi ngiphelelwa amandla futhi wopha ezimhlophe, ukuqala nokuthuthukisa counteroffensive zabo.

Ngo-July 1943, endaweni ye eKursk ezimangalisayo abangu bagxila amabutho okukhulu kusukela namaJalimane yiSoviet Union. Phakathi kwezimoto armored tanks we Wehrmacht babe ezintsha, ezifana "Tiger" futhi "Panther" nezibhamu self ezinezinjini "uFerdinand", kodwa iningi labo kakade akusebenzi ngesikhathi uchungechunge amathangi PZ III futhi IV.

Ngaphansi kohlelo, ukusebenza German "Citadel" kwakufanele kuqale ebusuku July 5 ezinkulu wezikhali zenkulumo, kodwa kusukela umyalo zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa esephawula izenzo oluzayo lesitha, kwanqunywa ukuba ubambe kontrartpodgotovku lapho okuhlaselayo German wephuza iri ama-3 kuphela waqala ekuseni.

Nesigubhu German amayunithi armored lahlasela izikhundla Soviet nhlangothi zombili. Iqembu German wamabutho "Isikhungo" wafakwa phambili Lokhozi, ngokumelene okuyinto ohlangothini laseSoviet Central Front. amabutho empi ngaphansi kwegama "South" wathuthela kusukela Sifundazwe ukuthi Voronezh Front isikhundla. Phakathi ngosuku lokuqala kwakukhona izimpi olunegazi, amapulani yasekuqaleni German okudingeka ilungiswe, kusukela amayunithi ithangi azifinyelelanga isikhundla target. Nokho, "Citadel" operation ithuthukiswe uqhubeka ngamandla, futhi nakuba kwakubucayi nokulahlekelwa, kodwa Wehrmacht wakwazi ukuphulukundlela ukuzivikela.

12 Julayi, kwakuwumsebenzi wokuhumusha omkhulu kunayo kakhulu ithangi Ukungqubuzana emlandweni. Ngaphansi sesitimela Prokhorovka impi yagqashuka nezimbangi. Phakathi ngezihluthu futhi ukulahlekelwa omkhulu, amabutho aseSoviet sakwazi ukutjhugulula umphumela impi ukuze zihambelane nabo. Sawacindzetela amabutho aseJalimane ashona.

Kakade ngawo-July 15, amaviyo Wehrmacht izinsiza okuhlaselayo yaphela, futhi waqhubeka azivikele. Ngokuphelele kuhlulekile operation German zihlasela "Citadel". SeMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili langena esigabeni esisha - kusukela kulo mzuzwana isinyathelo ngokugcwele idluliselwe anti-Hitler womanyano.