Kuyizimpawu Russia. Russia Omkhulu. abantu Russia

Population hhayi wonke amazwe emhlabeni angakwazi ngakho izizathu eziningi okumele siziqhenye yezwe lenkaba yawo, njengoba nje nabantu bakwa-Russia. I Russian Federation yilona zwe elikhulu kunawo by endaweni yembulunga, phakathi izakhamuzi zethu nabo abaningi ojenene oluvelele, abalobi, abaqambi. Wobaba Umlando igcwele izinsuku abalulekile. Ngakho lets sibone kuyizimpawu Russia.

Kuphi ukuqala Russia

Okokuqala, ukuphendula umbuzo yini ekuqaleni Russia? Ngokusho yetinsita abasunguli Rus izelamani ezintathu - Ryurik, sineus futhi truvor. Yibo labo wabeka izisekelo wekuba sive yethu Novgorod. Umlondolozi wendodana Ryurika Igorya - Prince Oleg - wakwazi ukuxhuma nempahla Kiev namanye ubukhulu. Ngakho kwaba khona Kievan Rus. Yiqiniso, lezi obaba owasungula umbuso wethu okumele siziqhenye ngayo.

Igama elithi "Russia" ngokusemthethweni lwaqinisa ezweni lakithi uPetru mina, ngubani wasungula umbuso nekomkhulu lalo Petersburg. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, waqala eyodwa esikhathini esithakazelisa kakhulu emlandweni we lawobaba. Ngakho kwaba khona eRussia enkulu - omunye uthi enamandla kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuzalwa inkazimulo yakhe namandla, Sincike kakhulu uPetru I.

Russian Federation ifulege

Yiqiniso, ukukhuluma kuyizimpawu Russia, ingasaphathwa phansi ifulegi layo njengophawu. Lokho ifulege State kufanele silondoloze imizwa yokushisekela izwe izakhamuzi.

Ngakho esimele ifulege isiRashiya, lapho futhi owasungula indlela? flag Modern wezwe wethu - tricolor emhlophe-oluhlaza-red - ibilokhu isetshenziswa kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu XVII, okokuqala njengoba banner womkhumbi, bese njengoba banner Tsar eMoscow. Nalapha futhi, ukusebenzisa kwayo lihlotshaniswa igama esifanayo naleso uPetru I. Kwabe tricolor wawuyisikhungo ifulege of the Empire, Russian. Ngemva amaBolshevik liqala ukubusa, yena salandelwa indwangu amakhulu abomvu. Kodwa ngo-1991, mayelana nesigameko ngokuwa kweSoviet Union kanye kumiswa WaseRussia, le tricolor baba ifulege lesizwe futhi. Nge ushintsho oluncane, esenziwa ngo-1993, it is zisasetshenziswa nanamuhla.

Manje emuva umbuzo libhekisela ifulegi yeRussia. Ngokwenkolelo heraldic, kucatshangwa ukuthi umbala omhlophe lifanekisela izikhulu kanye nenkululeko, blue - ukwethembeka, e kwalokho, umbala Virgin, obomvu - isibindi namandla amakhulu.

Yiqiniso, ifulegi enjalo ufanele ukuba kuyizimpawu izakhamuzi Russian.

Elingenamikhono izingalo Russia

Enye uphawu wekuba sive iyona liwuphawu Russian Federation. abantu Russian bayazigqaja kuye kakhulu ngendlela ifulege. He is ukhozi ezimbili esinamakhanda esifubeni sakhe ku isihlangu ibekwe Georgiy Pobedonosets, inyoka ngendlela eyisimanga.

Ifomu ngandlela-thile modified sejazi izingalo yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo heraldry WaseByzantium Palaeologus lwamakhosi. Khona-ke, ngekhulu le-XV, ngemva bamba waseConstantinople ngu abaseTurkey, yaqala ukusebenzisa Russian Prince Ivan Iii njengoba ijazi siqu izikhali futhi uphawu emandleni obukhosi. Wayethi akakholelwa, sibonga umshado wakhe Sofe Paleolog, indlalifa lwamakhosi elikhazimulayo Russia, ngokulandelana, - indlalifa waseByzantium Nombuso WaseRoma.

Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka, emibili-ephethwe uphawu ukhozi zombuso ayizange ithuthuke Russian kanye Russian Empire kwaze kwaba ngemva Okthoba Revolution engakaze Limiselelwe elingenamikhono izingalo zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ngesimo umbuthano one kanye nesando isikela maphakathi, ozungezwe izindlebe kakolweni. Kodwa ngemva kokwakhiwa WaseRussia, ngo-1991, sibaluli wangaphambili futhi waba uphawu lokuhlala isimo. Futhi manje ukhozi ezimbili esinamakhanda nguye kuyizimpawu Russia.

liculo lesive

liculo Russian inomlando sifushane kuka inkathi elingenamikhono izingalo kanye ifulege. Noma kunjalo, lapho ukulele lokuqala yezingoma zakhe nokuziqhenya igcwalisa izinhliziyo zabo bonke abantu baseRussia yokushisekela izwe.

I ingoma yabhalwa emuva ngo-1939 yi-umqambi Aleksandrom Aleksandrovym. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi iminyaka eminingi lalisetshenziselwa liculo zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union ngo-1990 njengendlela iculo lesizwe Russian waqala ukusebenzisa "tune yokushisekela izwe" Glinka, kulotshiwe 1833-m. Kodwa amazwi ingoma awazange ifaniswe. Futhi eRussia wahlala ezweni nge liculo ngaphandle amagama, ngenkathi ngo-2000, ngokwesikhundla sakhe sokuba uhulumeni ayizange ibuyise Alexandrova Ihubo. Amazwi liculo kazwelonke omusha lalotshwa Sergei Mikhalkov, okwathi ngendlela, lokhu kwaba umbhali kweSoviet Union, le ngoma main.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yonke isiRashiya ukuzwa uyaziqhenya: "Russia - isimo yethu engcwele ...".

Moscow - inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia

Kuyizimpawu Russia, kodwa dolobha yayo! Ngempela, kukhona leyo ukuzwa lo muzwa. Moscow ingenye lamadolobha amakhulu amahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Okwamanje, labantu eMoscow namaphethelo idlula 16 million abantu, kuyilapho somphakathi womuzi - ezingaphezu kuka-12 million. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eMoscow - global ibhizinisi isikhungo esiyinhloko. Umuzi ine a athuthukile ukukhiqizwa yezimboni.

Moscow has enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni by ubude ongaphansi komhlaba imigqa. Umuzi ine a nenamba enkulu esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo kanye zomlando. Ezibiyele, Red Square, Cathedral St Basil sika, Mausoleum kukaLenin, le Novodevichy Sezindela - nje uhlu encane edume kakhulu kubo.

Moscow inomlando omude futhi ezithakazelisayo. It yasungulwa ngu Prince uVladimir, bese Kiev - Yuri Dolgoruky - esizeni edolobhaneni ahlaza wohlanga olukhulu inqwaba. Ubufakazi lokuqala ke sihlehlela emuva 1147 .. Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili eMoscow XIII ekhulwini - maphakathi i ubukhulu ezimele, futhi kusukela 1325 - empeleni, inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Nokho, ngaphansi uPetru mina lokhu isimo iminyaka 200 lalahleka njengoba laliyinhloko-dolobha Petersburg. Kodwa ngo-1918, eMoscow usephinde wathola ilungelo ngokuthi umuzi eyinhloko yezwe. Capital wezwe lakithi, lo muzi kuze kube yilolu suku.

ezibiyele

Omunye izimpawu eziphawuleka kakhulu ngawo Russia lihlotshaniswa emhlabeni wonke, iyona eMoscow Kremlin. Futhi ngokuqinisekile into ukuba izakhamuzi uyaziqhenya ezweni lethu.

Ezibiyele - uthango, futhi, eqinisweni, lokho sekuneminyaka nje kukhona umuzi ngokwawo. Kodwa njalo siguqula: lokuqala kwaba sokhuni, kodwa isikhathi Dmitriya Donskogo kwaba itshe.

Omunye izakhiwo edume kunayo eMoscow ezibiyele - Spasskaya umbhoshongo, yayakhiwe e 1491 ngaphansi Prince Ivan III. Chiming iwashi kuba isikhalazo ngobunye bonke abantu baseRussia.

amabutho empi

Yiqiniso, izakhamuzi zaseRussia bangaziqhayisa amabutho azo. Ngokuhamba umlando omude iye yazuza omningi kunqoba okukhulu ezimpini eziningi, omningi walo okuyinto kwakungandile uhlamvu ukuzivikela futhi akhululayo, kodwa ungalokothi kuthatha ifomu ngobudlova. Kodwa-ke, ukunqoba ebaluleke kakhulu izingalo zethu kuyinto ukunqotshwa okukhulu wobushiqela. Meyi 9 - usuku engcwele zonke Russian. Okunye usuku Russian indlela enhle abayikho, Angeke uqhathanise kuze kube yilolu suku.

Futhi manje ibutho Russian igcina ngezinga eliphakeme ukulwa amakhono. Njengoba isibalo sabasebenzi kuba yesibili kuphela ibutho China. Ngokwe Imininingwane amandla ukulwa ngaphambi amasosha ethu kuphela US Army. Nakuba abanye ochwepheshe baye bame kwelokuthi ukulwa yangempela amandla amabutho eRussia kunakunoma amasosha US.

Ibutho Russian uzoqhubeka ukuhlala yisiboniso bangasephula imingcele Motherland yethu, kanye ngokugcwele ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yokugcinwa emhlabeni wonke.

Insimu Russia

I Russian Federation yilona zwe elikhulu kunawo yembulunga. endaweni kwayo ngokuphelele kuyinto angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-17 amakhilomitha square. Lokhu kukodwa sokuziqhenya. Alikho izwe emhlabeni ayikwazanga hlanganisa Wokuzithandela kuhlukile ukubunjwa ngokomzimba futhi indawo, zobuzwe nezenkolo sabantu zensimu.

Umthombo ahlukene yokuziqhenya ongakhonza izinqolobane njengoba enkulu amaminerali ugcine yembathani ezweni lakithi.

abantu Russia

Kodwa-ke, ewumthombo omkhulu nokuziqhenya ERussia kukhona izakhamuzi zawo.

Abaningi amadodana enkulu yezwe lenkaba yawo baba ababusi okukhulu. Lona wokuqala Russian Tsar Ivan Grozny, uPetru mina, lapho kwamiswa Russia Elikhulu, uCatherine II, le wezinguquko u-Alexander II.

Hhayi oluvelele okumbalwa nomholi wezempi Russian wathuthuka enkundleni. Dmitry Donskoy, u-Alexander Suvorov, Mikhail Kutuzov, Georgy Zhukov - lena nje uhlu encane yenani elikhulu ojenene Russian.

izazi ezidumile, wanika emhlabeni isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa ezisunguliwe, imithetho nezimfundiso, futhi, ayatholakala eziningi ezanele phakathi baseRussia. Lokhu Mikhail Lomonosov, Dmitriy Mendeleev, Cherepanov abafowethu, u-Alexander Lodygin, uKonstantin Tsiolkovsky, uSergei Korolev, Andrei Sakharov nabanye abaningi.

AmaRashiya ivezwa kahle phakathi amaphayona. Futhi bahlolisisa hhayi kuphela ezweni nasolwandle, kodwa futhi isikhala. It Ermak Timofeevich, Amalotha Dezhnev, Erofey Khabarov, Mikhail Lazarev, Faddey Bellinsgauzen, Ivan Kruzenshtern, uNikolai Maclay, Yuri Gagarin. Kodwa amaningi alawo abahambi omkhulu Russian nabahloli bamazwe nje akaphenduli kulolu hlu.

Famous Russian izibalo kwamasiko kanye zabaculi abaziwayo emhlabeni wonke. It Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, uLeo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Nikolai Gogol, Kazimir Malevich, Feodor Chaliapin nabanye abaningi. Indalo kwabo okukhulu - lena yinto izakhamuzi uyaziqhenya yeRussia.

Ngenhla abaseRussia edume kunazo yabalwa. Kodwa yisiphi isakhamuzi ehloniphekile wezwe lakithi - isizathu umuzwa wokuqhosha kuye.

Russia - ezweni elikhulu

AmaRashiya ube nenamba enkulu izizathu okumele siziqhenye ngayo ezweni labo, futhi Russia - izakhamuzi zawo. Ubukhulu yezwe lenkaba yethu esivela wonke umuntu, abakhileyo izikhala, kuyo yonke imisebenzi yobuciko noma imisebenzi yezakhiwo adalwe ezandleni zabantu. Ukuqaphela leli qiniso - indlela eya ngokuvumelana. Uma lizosetshenziswa iningi lezakhamuzi zethu nabo, uyoqinisekisa ukuthula nokuchuma yezwe iminyaka eminingi eminingi. Esinye nesinye isakhamuzi ehloniphekile kufanele amemezela emhlabeni wonke: "Ngiyaziqhenya ngokuthi ngihlala e-Russia!"