Georgy Romanov: Biography umndeni. Grand Duke George Alexandrovich

Grand Duke Georgiy Aleksandrovich Romanov zibalwe umfowabo Russian uMbusi uNicholas II. Wayeyindodana engowesithathu autocrat umndeni Alexander III noMaria Feodorovna.

Esakhula

George yazalwa ngo-April 27 (9 Meyi) ngo-1871 e Tsarskoye Selo (umbuso Russian). Kuyaziwa ukuthi waqale waba ingane enhle, enempilo, eziqinile, futhi bejabule kakhulu ezaziwayo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi George wayaziwa njengomuntu oyintandokazi kanina, kanye nabanye abafowabo wakhulela zaba namandla kakhulu. Abafana sasilala emibhedeni ibutho, wasevuka ekuseni ngesikhathi 6 ezimpondweni, wageza ngamanzi abandayo. ibhulakufesi yabo yayihlanganisa isinkwa omnyama okusanhlamvu eyodla babedla iwundlu chops noma eyosiwe yenkomo namazambane wabhaka uphizi. Lapho uGeorge engu-11 ubudala, kwelinye misdemeanors yakhe, ngisho kokushaywa nokuyalwa, nakuba lokhu kuhlasela kwakungeyona eziyizici asebukhosini.

Ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zithandani imperial ngokuvamile ahlala kule Gatchina Palace. Lapho, kulahlwe izingane babe lokulala encane, igumbi game, egumbini lokuphumula futhi ekamelweni lokudlela, okuyinto yagcwala abahleziyo ifenisha ezishibhile. Okuwukuphela into eyigugu elulwimini lwabo kwaba uphawu elikhulu, ngokucebile yayihlotshiswe nge amapharele * namatshe ayigugu.

Izindaba mayelana isifo

Ngokuvamile ngabazalwane ababenakekela izifundo kumagumbi ezahlukene, ngakho Sasingekho isizathu sokuba ukuphazamisa nomunye. Kulokhu, abafundisi bonke babengaphansi okufanayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi banikezwa imfundo yekhethelo, kusukela izifundo base Uprofesa yangempela. Abafana zazikwazi kakhulu, njengoba kufakazelwa iqiniso ukuthi kukhona ngamakhala isiFulentshi, isiJalimane nesiNgisi, njengoba bekhuluma kahle kanye IsiDanishi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abasha umlutha lokudoba kanye shot omuhle.

Georgy Romanov wakhula umfana obuhlakani ayemiselwe i-career brilliant lemikhumbi yempi. Ngeshwa, lokhu kwakungeyona ukuba. Wagula, futhi ngokushesha odokotela kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini kuye - sofuba. Ngo-1890 abazali bami banquma ukuthi George kuyadingeka ukuya phesheya. Kulesi uhambo wayehamba umzalwane osemdala UNicholas. Labo okwakulindeleke ukuba sifike eJapane, njengoba iNdlovukazi Maria Feodorovna wayekholelwa ukuthi umoya nolwandle nazo ilanga zokugeza ngokwehluleka ukusiza indodana yakhe ogulayo alulame. Kodwa eBombay eGeorge washaywa unhlangothi ukuthi kwamphoqa ukuphinde ngibuyele eRussia. Nicholas futhi kwadingeka ukuba ngiqhubeke nohambo ngaphandle umfowabo.

resort Caucasian

impilo kaGeorge wayethola sibi, ngakho wanquma ukuthumela e Abastumani - encane emzaneni Georgian sise unyawo Meskheti Mountains. Mangisho ukuthi lesi sinqumo kwakungelona ngephutha. Kwakuvele kwaziwa ngesimo sezulu esiyingqayizivele, nature enhle futhi umthombo anikeza ukuphila lezo zindawo. Lesi sivumelwano kancane kancane waqala iphenduke ethandwa spa resort. Lokhu kwelashwa wabutha zonke izakhamuzi zakule ndawo eseduze, ethwele izihlobo ezigulayo futhi kwaku ematendeni ahlelwe eduze phansi khona kanye nokugeza.

Kungani ncamashi Abastumani kwanqunywa ukuba aphathe George? Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngaphambi sithumela lapha, okukhulunyiwe kwathiwa izindawo ezimbalwa lapho le nsizwa yayingumuntu kangcono eyaziwa. Thina wema ngasemnyango Abastumani ne sezulu layo eliyingqayizivele. Lokhu ngokuyinhloko nomthelela Grand Duke Mikhail, ngaleso sikhathi owayese umbusi eCaucasus. Wayethanda kakhulu kule ndawo futhi wayeqiniseka e ongavamile ukuphulukiswa izakhiwo sezulu layo. Lapha, Wayenamadodana amane, kamuva kuyoba isikhathi esiningi nge George Romanov.

Ukufika eCaucasus

Ngo-1891, uMaria Fedorovna kanye nendodana ogulayo, amalungu amaningana nethimba kanye kulandelana efika e Abastumani. Oku-lapha yathengwa ezweni Adolf Remmert - umhloli yezokwelapha eCaucasus, owayehola umsebenzi kudivayisi wamanzi amaminerali. Ngokushesha waqala ukwakha izindawo zokuhlala zesikhashana futhi ephule emathendeni izinceku kunabaqaphi. UMbusikazi kakhulu esifanayo, indodana yakhe kanye nabasizi esezinzile izindlu okuhamba phambili aristocrats wendawo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingxenye ahlengwe uya ukwakhiwa okusheshayo okuthiwa zamakhosi - ngetshe elilodwa futhi ezimbili lokhuni. Lezi zakhiwo engavamile. Izindonga izigodlo lokhuni lalinabashumayeli izingodo awugqinsi, amabhodi ithungwe ngaphambi kokuba ukusikiwa. Kukholakala ukuthi kule mikhaya izimpilo zethu zibe ngcono. Kwelinye izigodlo zonke babebatholela ehlotshisiwe ngu ngezisebenzi abaye baba e enhle odongeni Tile izitofu zabo, ehholo egqoke eziko omkhulu. Esitezi sesibili master lokulala, safinyelela ukhuphuke ngezitebhisi ezibanzi.

Ukuphila Abastumani

Edolobhaneni elithile elincane cute Isikhathi sasihamba kancane. On ukuphila komuntu Georgiya Romanova akukho lwazi. Esikwaziyo ukuthi lapha Wadlulela iqoqo izinqubo ezahlukene zokwelapha, futhi ehlobo uhambo ezizungeze ebabazekayo futhi wafundelwa. nomsizi wakhe othembekile bekulokhu Grand Duke Georgii Mikhailovich, ngubani ngokuvamile ku isitayela Georgian ngokuthi Gigo. Yazalwa ngo-Tbilisi futhi kwaba connoisseur omkhulu komlando, kusukela ebuntwaneni ngenxa yesithakazelo ayenaso kulokho kulezi zindawo nge ezikhumbuzo eziningi kangaka.

Grand Duke Georgy Romanov walithanda leli zwe. A umqondo oqinile ikakhulukazi kuye kwenziwa Zarzma Isigodlo, wahambela nomngane wakhe njalo, Georgy Mikhailovich. Kamuva, nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu sezindela amyisa isinqumo ukwakhiwa wesonto ezizinikezele Aleksandru Nevskomu - abavikela wakhe wasezulwini. ukwakhiwa kwalo wawuqondiswa Otto Simanson.

Tsarevich

Ngo-1894, ubaba wakhe George Romanov, Tsar Alexander III, uyafa ngokungalindelekile. autocrat okusha iba umzalwane UNicholas. Kodwa izingane zabo ngaleso sikhathi wayengakabi, ngakho indlalifa-Prince, George yamemezela. impilo yakhe yayingeyinhle namanje abampofu, ngakho okwesikhashana ayenakho ukuphila ngaphandle ikhefu Abastumani. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Wayenabo uyise ngesikhathi sokufa kwakhe Livadia, odokotela sebekubeke wamenqabela ukuya Petersburg lokubamba iqhaza emngcwabeni.

Injabulo yangempela George ayembalwa ngesikhathi ukuvakashelwa kunina Maria Feodorovna. Ngo-1895 bagubha uhambo ilunga Denmark ukuhlala nezihlobo. Kwakulapho ukuthi kukhona omunye ukuhlaselwa ezimbi kakhulu, okuyinto isikhathi eside George eboshelwe embhedeni. Lapho eneminyaka engu-kangcono, wabuyela e Abastumani.

ukwesekwa friendly

Naphezu kokugula kakhulu, Georgy Romanov umqhele isikhulu neze wazizwa enesizungu. Ngo Abastumani sekuyinto okuningi uvakashele unina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo wavakashela abafowabo nodadewabo, futhi izingane Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich, izikhulu omkhulu ohlala unaphakade eCaucasus.

Friendly imvelo impindiselo wazama yokususa imicabango edabukisayo George. Bahlela bashaywe umoya kumnandi, kusihlwa okuthakazelisayo, amabhola imvunulo ababe imfashini ngakho ngaleso sikhathi Petersburg. Akukhona nje kusukela Tbilisi kodwa futhi kusukela kakhulu yenhloko-dolobha beza kuye okuningi kwentsha. Kuyaziwa ukuthi isikhulu umqhele nakubhapathizwa indodakazi Artemia Kalamkarova - umqondisi ikheli lendawo. By the way, umlingani esemthethweni iqhaza Abastumani ukuphila enkantolo. Kwakubonakala sengathi ayengenazo izimpawu sokuhlupheka.

Ukufa Crown Prince

ULwesithathu, June 28, 1899, 9:00 am. George enquma nihambahambe emhlabeni komakhelwane Abastumani. Ukuze wenze lokhu, wacela ukuba amuphe amathathu, egijima ku injini uphethiloli. Kwaba sezulu enhle, futhi nice ushaya kamnandi ukushaywa. Grand Duke ngokushesha wehlela emgwaqweni omkhulu wamyisa Zekarskomu pass. Ngokushesha wabona ngaphambi inqola, okuyinto waxosha Anna Dasoeva thrush kanye nabasebenzi bayo, umfana okuthiwa u-Athanasius Semenihin. Prince uphawu, futhi akhale, ukuthumela inqola zakhe lomgwaqo.

Ngaphansi kwamaminithi angu-10 njengoba inkwethu wabona George, owayebuyela eBhetlehema yaleli bhayisekili lakhe emuva, kodwa kancane kakhulu. Washeshe waphawula olunegazi jacket futhi umuzwa enkingeni yakhe, wathumela umfana isigodlo abese yagijima kokwesikhulu. Amandla kokushiya ngokushesha kuye, ngakho wayemsiza phansi. Ngokushesha Anna Dasoeva waphawula ukuthi ubuso George yaqala ukubonakala amabala. Ngezinye 9 ihora. 35 imiz. Tsarevich futhi Grand Duke wayesehambile. Wayengumuntu 28 kuphela.

Izimbangela zokufa

Okwamanje, ethunyelwe esigodlweni Athanasius Semenihin kubika nokungajabuli. Ukuze indawo nhlekelele ngokushesha waya kudokotela-udokotela Aykanov futhi abantu abaningana kusukela Prince suite. umzimba kaGeorge sathathwa esigodlweni, nasendaweni lapho afela khona, ukubeka itende wafaka wakhe esitokisini.

Ngakusasa kwesidumbu okwenziwe, bese babethatha izinsuku ezingako ukugqumisa umzimba, okuyinto wachitha abaphumule Abastumani intern abaphezulu Petersburg Semenovski esibhedlela uMnu Birula. Kulesi Usigaxamabhande samanje, uMajor General Rila umshushisi Nimander, Ch. udokotela esibhedlela, uMnu Gopadze futhi odokotela Maksimovic, Tekutjev, Uvuko, nabanye. I kwesidumbu wembula ukuthi ukufa kwakhe kwakubangelwa cesarevitch ukudabuka ngokuzumayo izitsha yamaphaphu igazi, okuyinto kuhilelani ukopha ezinzima. umzimba ukugqumisa yaqedwa kuphela kusihlwa.

yokukhulekela

Kusukela kosuku lokufa, indawo nhlekelele baqala ukubuthana inani elikhulu labantu bendawo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili, ukuze uthuli Grand Duke, wadalula ekukhulekeleni esigodlweni, bavunyelwa wonke umuntu ukuba ngithi goodbye kuya Tsarevich. Isidumbu sakhe waphumula ebhokisini lokungcwaba yesikhashana, embozwe ifulege asolwandle. Grand Duke ngokwakhe begqoke asolwandle.

Ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye nelomlotha Georgiya Romanova wayiswa Alexander saseNevsky Church. Lapha izimfundiso umngcwabo owawuse, futhi ngemva pannikhida wakhe, okuyinto ubuhanjelwe yilabo abamele zezinkonzo ezihlukahlukene, iziphathimandla futhi ojenene. Lapha avunyelwe abe khona futhi afike Anne Dasoevoy, ophethwe i-isikhulu esikhulu wafa.

Indlela Petersburg

Ebandleni, sifunda iVangeli ubusuku bonke. Julayi 7 4 ihora. 15 imiz. ngilapha weza Duke UNikolai Mikhailovich, ephelezelwa abameleli iziphathimandla. lomngcwabo Ngokushesha ka kwenziwe futhi ifakwe Hearse. Ngemva kwalokho, odwendweni eholwa kwabefundisi ephelezelwa amasosha ebutho lenqaba wathutha e Borjomi. Lapho befika kule ndawo, lomngcwabo nendikimba Grand Duke afakwe isitimela esikhethekile, esasikhonza Batumi.

Kube udwendwe ngengoma wahlangana iNdlovukazi Maria Feodorovna, abafowabo nodadewabo woshonile, kanye Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich. Ngo Batumi befika yempi "Georgiy Pobedonosets" ngubani bathatha isigaba Black Sea. Leli bhokisi idluliselwe baphumela isikebhe esinesinqe esibanzi sokuthwala impahla bayiswa umkhumbi. Kube wamisa phezu quarterdeck emkhunjini sizungezwe izitshalo oluhle ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ngemva kwalokho, yempi waqala ukuba azungeze izikebhe kanye nemikhumbi nabantu abafuna ngithi goodbye kuya oshonile umqhele kokwesikhulu. Ngezinye 10 ihora. 15 imiz. umkhumbi waqonda Novorossiysk. Kusuka lapho, lomngcwabo ngesitimela udilivwe Rostov-on-Don. isitimela Funeral ngendlela okulandelayo wayeka izikhathi eziningana ukuba afeze ukulila. Ekuseni ngo-July 11, wafika e Moscow, futhi ngosuku olulandelayo kusihlwa - Petersburg.

emngcwabeni

Burial George Romanov, ogama biography elifitjhani, senzeka ngoJulayi 14. Inkonzo kanye nokwenza amalungiselelo omngcwabo inkonzo ayekade obenziwa Metropolitan Anthony ku uPetru noPawulu Cathedral, base beza mzuzu yokuvalelisa oshonile.

Okokuqala baya ethuneni, Maria Feodorovna, umfowabo omdala le nkosi oshonile uNicholas II. Ngemva kwawo, wonke umkhaya wasebukhosini ngesikhathi ibhidi yokuvalelisa Grand Duke. lomngcwabo wakhe yehliselwa ethuneni, etholakala eduze sarcophagus ka-Aleksandru III.

inkumbulo

UMbusi uNicholas II baphelelwe yithemba umfowabo Georgii Aleksandroviche. Ngemva kwalokho, ngokuvamile wacabanga ngaye i ukuncokola okungavamile. Ngisho wabhala amahlaya akhe yempumelelo eyahamba phambile ezilahliwe iphepha, bese ukuqoqa nabo ibhokisi ekhethekile, eyaziwa ngokuthi 'ibhokisi curiosities. " Kule minyaka edlule, uNicholas uye acela ephindelela nokuqukethwe kwalo, ukuze hlekisa nendlu yakhe.

Ngo-1910, lapho Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich watala indvodzana, walibiza George behlonipha umfowabo omdala. Ngeshwa, wabuye wahlala isikhathi esifushane. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-21, washona ngo-eyalimala engozini yemoto embi. Siyazi futhi ukuthi behlonipha Grand Duke Georgy Romanov ukuthi okuthiwa eyasungulwa bamakoloni German e 1885 Georgsfeld isiphetho, ise-South eCaucasus. Manje lo dilobho Chinarli (Azerbaijan).

izifundo zofuzo

Ngo-1994, kwaba khona isidingo sezisebenzi ukuhlaziya DNA izinsalela udutshulwe eYekaterinburg ngo-1918, asebukhosini. Ngenxa yale njongo kwanqunywa ukuba adalule lokumbiwa komzimba umfowabo omncane u-Nicholas Georgiya Romanova 2. Le nqubo yaphela inkinga eside ukufuna ukwaziswa njenge-DNA eziseduze wabulala autocrat njengenzalo ka kwezilwandle baye ezinekhono zenqaba ingcaca ukuqala ukunikeza impahla oyizalayo.

Umphumela yalezizifundo zofuzo kwaba isiphetho sokuthi nge amaphuzu izinsalela, kwezempilo nezesayensi umbono, umphumela waba ngesikhathi esihle kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi genotype George Romanov kwaqondana ngokugcwele DNA into okuthiwa "Skeleton №4». Kuyinto kusuka kule nombolo futhi kuhlanganise izinsalela zokugcina Russian uMbusi uNicholas II.