Ulm Cathedral Germany

Minster Famous waziwa kakhulu njengoba eliphakeme kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Kodwa ehlukile yayo akagcini lapho. Umlando waleli ukwakhiwa kuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa namakhulu amaningana eminyaka eside.

isimo Cathedral

Medieval Ulm Cathedral yasungulwa ngo 1377. It uJesu wazalwa esontweni lamaKatolika, kodwa lapho-Europe waqala inkathi yeziNguquko esontweni, isakhiwo wadlulela amaLuthela. Ngokuyinhloko igcwaliswe ngo-1382, lapho lesi sakhiwo busisa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kube njalo ukudlula isevisi.

Ibandla libizwa esontweni lombhishobhi, kodwa eqinisweni akusiyo. Lokhu isimo kunikezwa isakhiwo, uma ine- isihlalo imfundiso yombhishobhi. Kodwa endabeni ye Ulm umpristi wendawo ohlala e Stuttgart. kwavela Le mpikiswano Ephakathi. Noma kunjalo Minster namanje ngokuthi ngaleyo ndlela ngenxa yobukhulu omkhulu ukuthi umcabango.

Isizathu ukuze kwakhiwe

Ngokuthakazelisayo, Minster Yakhiwa, ngoba ngaphakathi izindonga zomuzi akasebenzisi esontweni. Ithempeli kuphela kwaba ngaphandle izinqaba.

Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi ngesikhathi livinjezelwe izakhamuzi ayikwazanga ungene esontweni. Ezimweni ezinjalo azizintsha neze ezingavamile, ngoba ngokuvamile eJalimane medieval bekulokhu nkundla yempi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1376, yena evimbezela Ulm Czech Korol Karl IV, ngubani ngesikhathi esifanayo kwaba futhi, uMbusi Ongcwele WaseRoma.

Ukuze ugweme izimo ezinjalo, lapho sizungezwe abantu hhayi angathandaza endaweni efanele, futhi waphakanyiselwa Ulm Cathedral eJalimane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhamuzi ngokuvamile buphikisana Isigodlo eliseduze Raynehau. Ukuthi babesonta, ise likaPondo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi e-Ulm ekhulwini XIV wahlala abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyishumi kuphela, bahlela umkhankaso yimpumelelo ukukhulisa imali ukwakhiwa lombhishobhi entsha. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ithebhu kwenzeka ngo 1377.

uhlelo yasekuqaleni

Njengoba ukwakhiwa yimbi, kwanqunywa nekuwusebentisa ngezigaba ezimbili. Umakhi lokuqala lombhishobhi kwaba Heinrich Parler. Wayengumuntu umbhali yephrojekthi, owawuthi kwakuhlelwe sokuzakhela esontweni naves ezimbili ezifanayo, kanye nemibhoshongo yezingcingo eziningana. Nokho Parler wakwazi ukwakha kuphela engxenyeni engezansi isakhiwo. Kwaba eduze Ulm Cathedral. Umlando ukwakhiwa salo isikhathi ezahlukene kanye nokubambezeleka eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, umyalo wokuqala Iminyaka engu-150 amathebhu lombhishobhi salandelwa 6 abaklami. Omunye benqaba ukwakha ngenxa yokuba yinkimbinkimbi phrojekthi. Abanye baye umane wafa zokuguga, futhi ngaphandle kokulinda kwaqedwa umsebenzi.

isiphetho Complex of Cathedral

Ngenxa ushintsho abaklami ushintshe uhlelo lokuqala bese isakhiwo. Weza nave lwesithathu. Futhi, ekhulwini XVI, kwanqunywa ukuba bakhe umbhoshongo, okuyinto ayezoba umbhoshongo insimbi. Kuyinto le ngxenye lombhishobhi eliphakeme kunawo, ukufinyelela 161 amamitha.

Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli uvinjelwe impi yenkolo, ezaqala ngo-Germany ezikhathini zanamuhla. Izakhamuzi eziningi abangu awanelisekile ne iSonto lamaKatolika oda zayo. Ukubonakaliswa Komusa kwale mizwa kwaba isazi semfundiso yenkolo uMartin Luther, ogama lakhe lokugcina manje ngokuthi omunye izitayela amaProtestani. Ingxabano waphenduka ezimpini ezichitha igazi, edume kakhulu okuyinto iMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Amathathu '(1618-1648.).

Ngenxa yokushoda kwemali nesimo esasishubile ezweni iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu aqhubeka Minster sidle. Ukuphakama nombhoshongo walo ekhulwini XVI, safinyelela amamitha 100.

Kokuphothulwa

Okwesibili, Esigabeni sokugcina lokwakha lwaqala ngo-1844. zokuqinisa izakhiwo asekelayo seyemukeliwe. Aisles akakwazanga ukumelana kobukhulu lonke ukwakhiwa, ngoba kusukela ekuqaleni ukuthi babengahambi eyenzelwe umthwalo onjalo. Noma kunjalo, umsebenzi wokwenza amalungiselelo kwenziwa ngempumelelo, kanye nokwakhiwa umbhoshongo entshonalanga waqala ngo-1880.

Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka eyishumi. Ngo-1890, i-Spire eliphakeme wamiswa cross, okuyinto lapho manje. Lo mcimbi ongokomfanekiso kuphawula ukuphela ukwakhiwa eside. Ngakho Minster lamiswao. Architecture lesi sakhiwo kungokwalabo isitayela Gothic. Waya isonto kusukela eNkathini Ephakathi lapho tebuciko efanayo kwakuvamile esemancane eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Ekhulwini XIX kwakuyizwi rudiment, kodwa wedwa enjalo iye yasiza Cathedral ukuthola siqu indlela yabo wonke amazwe omhlaba.

Ngo-1890, eJalimane iye united emhlabeni umbuso yasePrussia. Ukutholakala kwendawo isonto elikhulu usuyiholidi kazwelonke. Ulm Cathedral, ukudalulwa okuyinto kuzo zonke yesiqondiso eJalimane, futhi manje endaweni athandwayo kwezivakashi.

Izici lombhishobhi

Ngaphambi wamiswa amabhentshi nezinye izakhi wezangaphakathi, lesi sakhiwo abantu kungathi izinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili. Cathedral obuphelele - 123 metres, ububanzi - 49 amamitha. Isakhiwo siqukethe aisles amathathu: elinye ephakathi ezimbili ezisemaceleni. Ingxenye esemqoka ethempelini has a ukuphakama 41 metres. Ababili ecaleni aisles kabili ngezansi.

Abaculi obhekene umhlobiso lombhishobhi, uyasala imidwebo eminingi izingqikithi kweBhayibheli. Ukwakheka eyinhloko Isigcawu esibonisa selokhu kwasekelwa umhlaba. Kukhona futhi izihloko iVangeli, isib, Passion.

Columns, okuyinto wonke elakhiwa ngo base, futhi ahlotshiswe imifanekiso Abaphostoli abangcwele. Kube ngaphakathi aisles kanye eziqoshiwe ahlukahlukene. ukunakwa Jikelele izivakashi bakhangwa esifanekisweni kaKristu, owamiswa emuva lé ekhulwini xv.

Ngakho, ngo-UNgqongqoshe munye imizamo izizukulwane ngezizukulwane. Kunobufakazi kanye izikhumbuzo of nangenkathi ezahlukene - ukusuka ezikude Ephakathi kuze kube namuhla.