Wayengubani Richard Sorge? hlola Omkhulu Sorge

The Second IMpi Yezwe - embi kunazo zonke emlandweni wesintu. Njengoba wazi, ukunqoba it ngumuntu amathangi nje kwakungenakwenzeka - ukukhalipha edingekayo, ukuba nezeluleko ezinhle futhi eziningi umzamo. Kule ndaba, izwe ngalinye efundisa futhi siqeqesha scouts. ESoviet Union ulilethele omunye the best ekhulwini scouts. Kwakumelwe Richard Sorge. Wayengumuntu ngempela umuntu omkhulu futhi isithunywa. Richard uye wasebenza Japan ezicashe eminyakeni engaba ngu-7, futhi ngeke kwenzeke kunoma ubani omunye. umsebenzi Intelligence eJapane kuyinto kahle kulula, ngoba amandla kakhulu ngeso elibukhali ukuze singathwesi ukuthi oputshukile. Nokho, ngalesi sikhathi akekho futhi bengaqondi ukuthi owayeneminyaka Richard Sorge.

Ebuntwaneni nomndeni ayohlola

Ngu osikweni izimo ngo-1944, Richard Sorge wakwazi declassify amasevisi imfihlo eJapane. Ngaleso sikhathi, iziphathimandla ngisho wezwe bazwakalisa nenhlonipho ezifihliwe ngaye ngenxa yokuthi eminyakeni azikwazanga ukuthola ngubani Richard Sorge.

Biography isithunywa iqala Okthoba 4, 1898 ku Baku esifundazweni Russian Empire (manje Baku - Azerbaijan). Ubaba Richard kwaba German Gustav Wilhelm, nonina wayengowesifazane Russian Kobeleva Nina Stepanovna. umndeni ayohlola sika nginezingane eziningi, kodwa udade nomfowabo angazi lutho. Umkhulu Native Richard ayengumholi weNguquko Lokuqala International futhi unobhala noKarla Marksa. Lapho Richard kwaba iminyaka engu-10 ubudala, nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela eJalimane.

Impi yokuqala, abalimele kanye ajwayelane Karlom Marksom

Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi muntu phakathi nokuvakasha kwazo e-Germany, Richard ngokuzithandela ukuba zijoyine ibutho lamaJalimane ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. I izimpi lokuqala ayihlala amabutho wezikhali. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile (1915) walinyazwa kwenye impi ka Ypres. Richard wathunyelwa esibhedlela, lapho sekudlule ukuhlolwa futhi wathola isikhundla esilandelayo - ukhoporali. Ngemva kwalezi zenzakalo, Sorge ke sengithunyelwa kwelinye phambi - empumalanga, Galicia. Kube Scout nengxenye izimpi ngokumelene ibutho Russian. Kamuva, wamangalelwa kabi yinhlamvu kusukela igobolondo wezikhali kanye kwezinsuku ezimbalwa wachitha emhlabathini. Ngemva wayiswa esibhedlela, isithunywa wahlupheka kokuhlinzwa, okwaphumela umlenze owodwa kwaba esifushane kunamanye. Ngenxa yalokhu, Richard kwaba esiqiwini yokukhubazeka.

Phakathi ngezihluthu Richard Sorge ujwayelene imisebenzi noKarla Marksa. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho waba lamaKhomanisi oshisekayo. Ngenxa imisebenzi party esebenzayo ngo-1924 Sorge wathutha e-USSR, lapho amukelwa khona yisakhamuzi yakhe Soviet. Ngenxa yalokho imicimbi ezingaziwa, Richard sezempi ngu Soviet amasevisi biko. Richard Sorge - eliphakeme ukukhalipha kuyaqondakala eziningi ozakwabo. Ngenxa ubungcweti journalism futhi igama German ukuthi wayegila emazweni amaningi emhlabeni wonke cishe ngokuphepha.

Alias kanye ukuboshwa lokuqala Sorge

Noma kunjalo, kwaba Richard Sorge emazweni wasebenza?

Ngokuvamile, wasebenza ngaphansi mbumbulu Ramsay ikhodi wabiza intatheli noma usosayensi. Lokhu wamnika ilungelo ukubuza imibuzo enjalo ukuthi abantu abavamile babengakwazi ngisho ukusho ngokuzwakalayo. Into yokuqala Sorge wathunyelwa eNgilandi umhlangano nenhloko imfihlo inkonzo MI6. Umqashi wakhe kwadingeka ngazise Sorge ukwaziswa okuyimfihlo, lapho akwaziwa kuze kube yilolu suku. Nokho, umhlangano URichard isikhulu isevisi intelligence British akazange athathe indawo. Sorge wabe eseboshwa. Ngenhlanhla, ngisho noma ngenxa yayo futhi wayengezwanga declassified.

IRed Army Intelligence Management

Ngo-1929, Sorge wadluliswa ukuze usebenze iRed Army Intelligence Management. Ngawo lowo nyaka, lapho ethola isabelo esikhethekile obalulekile. Ngemva Richard wathunyelwa China, eShanghai, lapho umsebenzi wakhe kwaba ukuthuthukisa nokusebenza intelligence iqembu futhi ukucinga kubo ulwazi oluthembekile mayelana izinhlelo yezwe. E Shanghai, wakwazi ukuba nobuhlobo obunobungane kanye intatheli kanye itoho hlola - Agnes Smedley. Sorge wahlangana a lamaKhomanisi ozalwa Hotsumi Ozaki. Esikhathini esizayo, laba bantu laba indawo ebaluleke kakhulu futhi kubo ulwazi eyinhloko eSoviet Union.

Direction isithunywa Japan

Kamuva Sorge ukubeka kahle yena emibuthanweni amaNazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, umyalo Soviet wenza isinqumo esinzima - ukuthumela Richard Japan. Lo msebenzi nzima ngenxa yokuthi kukhona noyedwa omshoshaphansi akwazi ukuthola ukusizakala futhi asebenza kahle. Abaningi babengazi nokuthi ubani kwaba Richard Sorge eJapane. Nokho, imithombo ezisemthethweni bathi isithunywa efika njengompristi intatheli ye-edition onegunya German. Ngenxa yale njongo, ngaphambi uhambo, Sorge wathatha evakashele e-United States. Okwesikhashana efika iseluleko esihle esasinikezwa Embassy Japanese e-United States. Ngokusobala, ngenxa yalokhu umsebenzi wakhe kwaba kahle futhi e-Japan.

Kube Sorge wakwazi ukuthola umsizi we-German Ambassador Eugen Otto, ngaleso sikhathi kwaba jikelele.

Ukunganakwa isiphetho eSoviet uhulumeni hlola

Nokho, Sorge ukuthi ifike yalahlwa uhulumeni wamaSoviet eJapane kudingeka bazibonele. ESoviet Union kwakukhona izinsolo Imininingwane Sorge iqiniso futhi manje uyasebenza ngokumelene nawo. Zonke izincwadi Sorge ecela ukuya emuva eSoviet Union kwesokunxele aphume Jikelele Abasebenzi. Ngaleso sikhathi, babengakwazi nesithakazelo, owayeneminyaka Richard Sorge - evamile isosha abavamile noma hlola class eliphezulu. Wayemane nje aphonswe.

Okthoba 18, 1941 Richard Sorge ukuthi declassified futhi waboshwa ngamaphoyisa Japanese. Kwaphela iminyaka emithathu wayephenywa ngemibuzo. Ngo-1944, isithunywa wadutshulwa kanye namanxusa akhe.

iminyaka Ngakho eminingi kamuva, hhayi intatheli eyodwa kanye nososayensi ucela ngokwakhe, owayengomunye Richard Sorge. Impendulo yalo mbuzo ungayithola kuphela ezinikezwa yilabo abangahlanganyeli ayejwayelene ukuphila kwakhe kanye nomsebenzi.