Isihloli Polar Georgy Sedov: Biography, ukuvulwa

Wonke umuntu owayephakathi bahlala nenkathi yamaSoviet, ukukhumbula epithets nomdlandla ngokumelene isihambi wokuqala Russian abazimisele ekunqotshweni North Pole -. G. Ya Sedova. Yena, ongowokuzalwa izigaba abampofu kakhulu emphakathini, udumo namandla nokuzimisela, esangenza abafana emzaneni ukuthola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke. On imiphumela bomkhankaso wazama yini ukukhuluma, ngoba iphelile kabuhlungu, okubonisa isibonelo sendlela ngokuphamazela kanye abanganaki elingeneleleko ukutjheja iinselela eziyinkimbinkimbi zesayensi.

INdodana umdobi labavela emindenini lephuyile

Ikusasa uLieutenant Navy Georgy Sedov wayeyindodana enguthumbu emkhayeni omkhulu Yakova Evteevicha - mdobi edolobhaneni Kos ijika we laseDonetsk esifundeni. Wazalwa Meyi 5, 1877. Sedov wahlala ngaphansi kwezimo zobumpofu obukhulu, imbangela okwakukhona binges njalo uyise. Akukona ukulondoloza isimo kanye neqiniso lokuthi abafowethu, futhi kwakukhona eziyisihlanu kuzo abehora emsebenzini podonnuyu izinjinga yasemakhaya - zakhokhelwa labafana pittance.

George waqala ukutadisha ngasekupheleni. Kuphela lapho eseneminyaka engama-nane ubudala, abazali bakhe amthume esikoleni lesifunda, lapho wabonisa ikhono elikhulu. Inkambo iminyaka emithathu ingane cwaningo iziqu iminyaka emibili, ethola isitifiketi sokunconywa. Nokho, akukho ushintsho nokukhanya kokuphila kwakhe wangafika. Vele kwadingeka ebolile ekuseni kakhulu kuze kube sebusuku.

Amaphupho lalinamandla

Ukufunda nokubhala, George waba nesithakazelo ekufundweni, futhi wazalwa iphupho lokuba ngukaputeni - isifiso ayinangqondo futhi ongenakuwufinyelela umfana zwe. Ngisho nabazali sezwa ngalokho, babe ngokunamandla ngokumelene umqondo onjalo. Futhi lapha ngokucacile wabonakaliswa omunye izici eziyinhloko ubuntu bakhe - i ukuphikelela ngobubona ekufezeni lo mgomo.

Ngasese kusuka bonke abantu abasha baqala ukulungiselela ukuya Rostov-on-Don, lapho bebehlala khona wathola ngenkathi izifundo lokufundela ukushayela imikhumbi. Lapho, emva esethusayo eside enjalo, wathi ekugcineni befinyelela umgomo lohambo lwakhe lokuqala ekuphileni, umhloli asabela ngayo-ke ngomusa omkhulu, kodwa njenge sivivinyo wathumela izinyanga ezimbalwa njengoba netilosi emkhunjini "Trud", cruised ku Azov nezilwandle Black. ukuthola Ngakho ubhapathizo ulwandle, George waqala izifundo zakhe.

Master mariner

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu waphuma izindonga itilosi esikoleni iziqu ukugudla Sedov Georgy Yakovlevich. Kwakungekhona emzaneni ubudala wasivalela ukuhlupheka, onguchwepheshe, owayemazi ngokuseduze ukubaluleka kwakhe futhi obani ababenomthwalo esizwakalayo sokuziqhenya. Ngesikhashana nje isidlulile ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe futhi ngokushesha waya induna umkhumbi "Sultan". Kodwa ngangifuna ngaphezulu. Lapho umuntu emi ibhuloho, Georgy Sedov wacabanga Marine Science nemisebenzi ukudlulisa. Kuvele umgomo ukuyifinyelela, kodwa kwakudingeka ahambe lasolwandle.

Civil ukuphathwa imikhumbi ekudwetshweni kwamabalazwe

Ngemva kokuhlukana esithwala yakhe, induna abasha baya Sevastopol, lapho ahlangana sokuzithandela ithimba ukuqeqeshwa. Ngokushesha yena yanikezelwa isihloko webutho lezempi, futhi incwadi ka-izincomo umhloli yezifundo nautical engemuva Admiral AK Drizhenko George uhambela Petersburg ukusebenza Jikelele Command ka Mapping of Admiralty. Lapha ivula isikhala okubanzi imisebenzi yayo ucwaningo. Ngo-1902, kwakheka uhambo ukufunda e-Arctic Ocean. Bekanye namanye amalungu akhe ukuze abone iziqhingi Vaigach nomlomo eMfuleni Kolyma wathumela futhi Georgy Sedov.

Umlando wakhe kusukela abe eseya ezingeni elisha lonke. Georgy Sedov ayisekho nje netilosi, okuyinto abaningi Navy isiRashiya, lapho - umcwaningi ezimkhanukelayo, umuntu ukoma ukuthola. Ngonyaka olandelayo, wayengumuntu njengoba umsizi induna uhambo ukuhlola Sea Kara, futhi bahlangana khona induna elithi "iMelika" isitsha Anthony Fiala, abangenwe umqondo wakhe ngokunqotshwa North Pole. Kodwa kwasheshe iqala impi Russian-Japanese, futhi izinhlelo ezifana wokuvelela kufanele zihlehlise.

inkonzo yezempi nomshado

Esikhundleni elide ukuphila travel amlungiselele inkonzo yakhe sempi ku laseSiberia weqembu lemikhumbi yezempi, futhi ekupheleni ubutha - umsebenzi umsizi lotsmeystera Nikolaevsk-on-Amur inqaba. Lapha, i-kokufaneleka emsebenzini yokuthuthukisa navigability we Amur Senior uLieutenant Georgy Sedov yena wanikezwa Order of St Stanislaus degree lwesithathu.

Ngo-1909, kukhona umcimbi okujabulisayo okwenzekile ekuphileni kwakhe siqu. Ukubuyela Petersburg, washeshe wahlangana nenkosikazi yakhe ephakeme yesikhathi esizayo Vera Valeryanovna Meyi-Majewski, oza Umshana abaholi abaqavile lempi leyo minyaka, Jikelele VZ Mai Mayevsky. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ngo-Admiralty lombhishobhi dolobha isakramente kufezeke ngomshado, egcwele hhayi kuphela kuyisiqalo beshadile futhi bejabule, kodwa futhi avule umnyango umphakathi eliphezulu.

imizwa ebuhlungu, ukwaneliseka ezidinga

Traveller wokuphila ungavumelani ngalokho, ngalesi sikhathi, kwaqala isici esikhethekile ukuzibonakalisa ngokukhanyayo, kamuva owakhonza njengombonisi yezimbangela sokufa kwakhe ezibuhlungu. Ekuphumeni aphansi kwezakhi yomphakathi nokuthola ngokwabo phakathi Izicukuthwane wedolobha, Sedov wayehlale enalokho kuthambekela ukubona maqondana uqobo phezu ingxenye nabanye kwenyanya ezithile njengoba upstart futhi umuntu emibuthaneni yayo. Sahlala izimo zangempela, futhi lokhu ukwahlulelwa kwaba yi ukuzethemba lesiguli - Kunzima ukusho, kodwa bonke labo ababemazi mathupha, uphawule ubuntu bakhe sengozini ngokweqile kanye ukuvelela. Lathi ngenxa yokuzibona isiqinisekiso, wakwazi we Yizona kakhulu, okuyinto babebaningi.

Georgy Sedov uhambo kuya North Pole isibe omunye izixhumanisi ngaleli ketanga. ku ekuwulungiseleleni bomsebenzi baqala ngo-1912. Ngaleso sikhathi, abantu baseMelika ezimbili yamemezela ekunqotshweni esigxotsheni, futhi Sedov ayikwazanga claim azithele ngabandayo we owathola, kodwa uhambo olunjalo, uzibophezele kakhulu kulomnyaka, wakubona kufanele yena. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngo-1913, kwakufanele imikhosi elihlobene ne trohsotletiem Indlu Romanovs kanye ifulege Russian ku ngokwedlulele enyakatho izingxenye zomhlaba kungaba isipho ephelele lo mbusi aphethwe, futhi isihambi ngabe wathola igunya okungahloliwe nenkazimulo.

Uyacabangela umbono-hydrograph ososayensi

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane yokugubha usuku oluzayo, saba ukushesha ngoba isikhathi lalilincane kakhulu. Okokuqala, ukulungiswa bomkhankaso kwakudingeka imali, futhi eside. Ngokuthumela isicelo eCentral lokuhlola amanzi Office, Sedov wathola nokwenqaba nomusa kodwa categorical. Pundits ngendlela engacunuli waveza kuye wonke entsha uhlelo ekhulelwa, ebhekisela yokuthi ngokungabi bikho ezanele izindlela lobuchwepheshe, 'solwazi' lwemfundo kanye nekhono ubuciko intshiseko akwanele.

I kwenqaba kwakusekelwe rastsenon njengoba ibonakalisa Swagger zidla ongowokudabuka abantu nakakhulu kwamshukumisela ukuba abe nesifiso ngazo zonke izindlela ukuba uzitholele wonke umuntu "ngubani ongubani." Mayelana ngobudedengu wakhulelwa njengoba kufakazelwa isihloko sakhe esakhishwa komunye womagazini wedolobha. It Sedov wabhala ukuthi, akazange ebekwe iyiphi "izinkinga ekhethekile yesayensi" umane ufuna ukufinyelela isigxobo sengathi ukhuluma ngemidlalo impumelelo thina.

Izimali Ukusheshe futhi beyiziphukuphuku

Kodwa uma imvelo wamphika ukuhlakanipha, ingaphezu amandla endowed. Ukuvula ngokusebenzisa cindezela emphakathini, Sedov wakwazi ngesikhathi esifushane ukuqoqa izimali okudingekayo yilabo abanikelayo yokuzithandela. Umqondo Kwakujabulisa kangangokuthi ngisho umbusi enza khona umnikelo ekhethekile ruble ayizigidi eziyishumi, ezingafinyelela amaphesenti amabili imali eceliwe.

On imali eqoqwe yathengwa ngomkhumbi ubudala futhi umusi kaseyili "St Omkhulu Martyr Fock", okuyinto kwadingeka lilungiswe nokuba wafaka ifomu efanele. Sheshani - umsizi okubi, futhi kusukela ekuqaleni kwakuthinta ukulungiswa bomkhankaso. Yehlulekile ukuqoqa amatilosi zochwepheshe amatilosi hhayi kuphela, kodwa abakwazanga ngisho ukuthola izinja zangempela isihlibhi futhi Arkhangelsk wabanjwa emigwaqweni mongrels ehlangeni. It ngokudlwengula ingane ukuthi okwamanje edlule, bathweswe bathumela kusukela Tobolsk. Abathengisi, kulesi senzakalo, washelela imikhiqizo ezingenanzuzo kakhulu, eziningi zazo sokuntshinga. Okwenza isimo sibe sibi kwaba sobala ukuthi Umkhumbi owawuthwele umthamo ayikuvumeli ukuthatha ebhodini zonke izinqolobane, ezinye zazo wahlala ngasogwini.

kweminyaka emibili kuhlanganise polar yiqhwa

Ngandlela-thile, kodwa Agasti 14, 1912 isikebhe sase Sasuka Arkhangelsk salibangisa yolwandle oluvulekile. uhambo lwabo eyathatha iminyaka emibili. Double daredevils budedengu wenza ubusika phakathi ice hummocks, egxilile ebumnyameni basebusuku polar. Kodwa ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, akazange achithe isikhathi sasingabantwana amabalazwe kanye izincazelo zonke izingxenye ogwini, lapho wavakashela. Ebusika yesibili wathunyelwa Arkhangelsk iqembu amatilosi ne amaphepha ukuthumela iNhlangano Geographical Petersburg. Zazineqiniso Imiphumela kophenyo kanye isicelo ukuthumela besemkhunjini kanye nokudla kanye nezinye izinhlinzeko ukuthi awuzange kokuba zigcwalisekile.

Ukuphela kwezinto okubuhlungu bomkhankaso

ukuhlaselwa Esiwujuqu North Pole waqala Februwari 2, 1914. Ngalolu suku, wamazwe Russian Georgy Sedov kanye amatilosi amabili eqenjini lakhe baphuma bay Sokuthula inja ithimba enyakatho uyaphi. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ukuqala indlela, konke wahlushwa ukhwekhwe, futhi isimo George Jakovljevic yawohloka ngokushesha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Wayengeke ukuhamba, sayalwa ukuba sibe nezinhloli embopha kuya nezibhulo, February 20, 1914 washona. Kubo sembubhiso amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili Sledding endleleni kuleliphuzu kwase kudlule amakhulu amabili namashumi kuphela.

Ngokusho version olusemthethweni, amatilosi, ngaphambi kokubhekisa emuva, bamngcwaba iqhwa okwenza ithuna awubeka esiphambanweni ski. Kodwa kukhona enye inguqulo yalokho okwenzeka, ngokusekelwe ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa ngokuphelele. USara wake wathi Umqondisi Museum of History ye-Arctic Marine Institute Popov. Amatilosi ukufinyelela ogwini uyaphila, babedinga enamandla inja isihlibhi, elase esewile kakade ngenxa yendlala. On the esengozini yokufa, amatilosi ahlahlelwe isidumbu kwamasosha umkhuzi wawo, futhi isidumbu sakhe Kondliwa izinja. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ahlambalazayo kungase kuzwakale, kodwa yakwazi ukusinda.

Memory asele inzalo

Emlandweni wamazwe isayensi Sedov Georgiy Yakovlevich bangena wamazwe nangemithandazo hydrographer-Arctic Ocean. Indodana umdobi ompofu, waba umkhuzi wamabutho asolwandle, ilungu iNhlangano Geographical futhi Astronomical isiRashiya, waklonyeliswa izindondo eziningi. Ngo nenkathi yamaSoviet Georgy Sedov, ogama okutholakele kwakhiwa yengcebo isayensi kazwelonke futhi siwuphawu ukuthuthukiswa North. Inkumbulo yakhe ukhunjulwa amagama ezitaladini emadolobheni amaningi. Kumephu ungabona izici zokuma kwezwe ogama lakhe behlonipha Georgy Sedov. Igama lakhe wathwala ophihliza iqhwa abadumile. Uma drift "Georgy Sedov" zatortogo eqhweni olwandle, kwaba kwagxilwa hhayi kuphela umphakathi wezwe lethu, kodwa futhi emhlabeni wonke.

Namuhla, namaqhawe eziningi zakudala zinhlanga zangena phakathi isizinda, yadedela izitayela ezintsha yesikhathi. Nokho, Sedov Georgiy Yakovlevich izohlala emlandweni wethu njengoba umhambi ozinikele, indoda intando ezingxabanweni nobunjalo okungenakudanjiswa. Ayebeka ngayo umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu phambi kwakhe, hhayi iphutha lakhe ukuthi zokugcina lubekelwe ukuphila kwayo.