Lo mbuso onomoya yamakhosi isiFulentshi, ebusa kusukela e 987, kusukela ekhulwini le-14, ngekhulu le-19. Dynasty yamakhosi French: ithebula

"Amakhosi eside-onezinwele ezimhloshana" - Lalingubani igama lwamakhosi lokuqala amakhosi isiFulentshi, ezenzeka kusukela ngo Salian Franks, igatsha ezimele, abahlala Tosandrii (ephakathi kwemifula Meuse futhi Scheldt) iminyaka engu-420, umholi wawo wawuvame ukuba umsunguli Merovingian uhlobo lwe - Pharamond, ngokososayensi eziningi, wasenganekwaneni uhlamvu . Nge V kuze eminyaka maphakathi no-VIII ensimini ka banamuhla iFrance neBelgium lalibuswa Merovingians.

Izinganekwane waseFrance Lasendulo

Lokhu lwamakhosi semi edume yamakhosi French sizungezwe imfihlakalo, izinganekwane fictions. "Novomag" bazibize Merovingians. Ayebhe- isimangaliso abasebenzi, nina baboni bemibono nabathakathi, lonke ibutho elinamandla ukuthi kwaba izinwele ezinde. UMdwebo Pharamond, indodana Marcomer njengoba inzalo yakhe, kuhlanganise Meroveya kakhulu, impikiswano. Ukuba khona abaningi babo, nokuthi athathe umkhaya wabo ngokuqondile iThrojani yinkosi Priam, noma, kanti okubi, by iqhawe isihlobo sakhe yaseTroy neMpi, Eneya, bodokotela ayiqinisekiswanga. Njengoba Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Merovingians baka uJesu Kristu. Abanye bakubiza Rusami.V zabo enyakatho ezinye izihloko bathi uhlobo lwamakhosi kuthatha Meroveya ngoba kangaka okuthiwa. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi Merowe mkhuzi 13 lo mncintiswano.

ubufakazi obungokomlando

Eyokuqala emlandweni, abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa indodana yakhe okuwukuphela kwayo Meroveya - kaChilderic. Abaningi, kodwa hhayi wonke. Eziningi zikholelwa umsunguli kweqiniso zombuso indodana yakhe, okungukuthi, umzukulu Meroveya - (. Manje Church of St Genevieve) uClovis (481-511), ababebusa ngempumelelo iminyaka engu-30, wembelwa yena wakha uPetru neBandla kaPawulu e-Paris. Lokhu lwamakhosi yamakhosi French esedunyisiwe I. Holdvigom Hhayi kuphela ngoba France lapho bamukela ubuKatolika, kanti kokubhapathizwa kwakhe kwaba ukuzalwa entsha yoMbuso WaseRoma. Lapho-ke Frankish (elihunyushwa ngokuthi "khulula"), isimo ikhuphuke kakhulu ngobukhulu, liye kuqhathaniswa "Impucuko okusezingeni eliphezulu" waseByzantium. Leli dolobha lake lachuma. izinga lokufunda ukufunda nokubhala kwaba kahlanu ephakeme kunalokho emva kweminyaka 500.

Izimfanelo ezinhle nobuthakathaka babantu abamele lwamakhosi ekhazimulayo

YaMakhosi Merovingian uhlobo babevame abantu ezivelele futhi abafunde kakhulu. ababusi Hlakaniphile futhi ngezinye izikhathi nokhahlo, ezifana Dagobert II (676-679), ababebusa esikhathini esingeside, kodwa ngokuphepha. Wagxila wonke amandla ezandleni le nkosi, okwakwenza izwe eqinile, kodwa ayikuthandi imibuthano ahlukile futhi isonto. Lokhu inkosi ukholo. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, wabulawa elele godson sakhe, amehlo akhe umkhonto protknuvshim. Isonto, okuyinto ngiyekele regicide, yena abagcotshwa e 872. Ngemva kwalokho, singasho zinyanga kuvakashe ummeleli wendlunkulu Merovingian kweqiniso, kungcono imeya isikhathi lwesigodlo uhulumeni. KaChilderic III (743-751), the last yendlu Merovingian, igunya esisebenzayo kakade bangenwe umoya. Wayengumuntu imeya esesihlalweni sobukhosi esigodlweni Pepin le esifingqiwe kanye Karlomanom ngemva kwesihlalo sobukhosi lalingenalutho iminyaka 7. Kusolakala wayeyindodana ka Chilperic II, kodwa abukho ubufakazi obulungu yakhe eya Merovingian ubudala nhlobo. Ngokwemvelo, wayengumuntu ithoyizi ezandleni esikhundleni kwezikhulu.

Carolingians futhi umumele engcono

Carolingian - lwamakhosi yamakhosi isiFulentshi, esikhundleni ababusi bohlobo Meroveya. Umbusi wokuqala kwaba yinto yesikhashana Pepin III (751-768), okuyinto ngaphambi Okuthwesa umqhele kwaba imeya esigodlweni, isb ngamazinga aphakeme izikhulu Merovings egcekeni. Waziwa yokuthi yena waba nguyise ka noKarla Velikogo. Pepin, amandla nokungabi nabulungisa ashaqe amandla, ababoshiwe zokugcina lwamakhosi ekhazimulayo Meroveya - kaChilderic III.

Ubuntu esivelele kunazo hhayi kuphela e lwamakhosi Carolingian, ebusa kusukela e 751 kuya 987 ngonyaka, kodwa kulo lonke umlando waseFrance Charles mina Omkhulu (768-814). Igama lakhe awunika igama lokuthi lwamakhosi. iqhawe eyimpumelelo owenze uhambo ezingaphezu kuka-50, it is ngokweqile enwetshiwe emingceleni France. Ngonyaka 800 eRoma, Charles ezamenyezelwa umbusi. Amandla akhe baba kokuvinjwa. Ngokwethula imithetho obuqinile, wenza ngamandla kanzulu kakhulu ezandleni zakhe. Ngoba iphutha kancane wonke umuntu wephule imithetho emisiwe ngakuwo, elinde isigwebo sokufa. Carl biannual kubutsela iseluleko izikhulu zesikole nangokomoya. Ngenxa yezinqumo wabelane, umthetho. Umbusi futhi enkantolo yakhe ngenjongo yokulawula siqu walibangisa. Yiqiniso, le ndlela izindaba, plus kabusha yebutho akakhiphanga imiphumela emihle. France yanda. Kodwa umbuso isihlakazeka ngokufa kwakhe. Awuboni ozokwenza okufaneleko, uKarl wanika kwesabelo amadodana, alwayo bodwa. Ngemva kwalokho kwasani baqhubeka.

Ukuphela umbuso adalwe Carl

Lo mbuso onomoya zamakhosi French kusukela uhlobo Carolingian abuse izwe iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili, kodwa wayengekho phakathi amalungu alesi lwamakhosi kungekho ngisho kancane okusikhumbuza uCharles I Elikhulu. Umbusi lokugcina isikhundla uMbusi Berengar ngafa unyaka 924. Ngo 962, inkosi German Otto mina njengombusi woMbuso Ongcwele WamaRoma yasungulwa Omkhulu. Waqala cabanga ngokwayo owalandela wonke uMbuso Carolingian. Inkosi yokugcina yale lwamakhosi kwaba Louis V Lazy, owayesesimweni amandla unyaka owodwa - kusuka 986 987 e-nyaka. Ngokusho kwezinye izinguqulo, yena wadliswa ushevu unina. Mhlawumbe ngoba mina yakhombisa ubuvila. Futhi nakuba ammisele yindlalifa umalume wakhe, abefundisi namandla yafakwa esihlalweni sobukhosi Gugo Kapeta.

indlu eFrance wesithathu wobukhosi

Lo mbuso onomoya yamakhosi isiFulentshi, lokubusa 987g., Ngokuthi Robertino kamuva Capet, njengoba ungase ukuqagela ngegama wokuqala, wahlala phansi esihlalweni sobukhosi esisemthethweni, Gugo Kapeta (wabusa 987-996). omele Siqu lokhu lwamakhosi yaphela ngemva kokufa Charles IV Fair e 1328, ngaphezulu yaziwa, uma kuphela ngoba lokho trilogy Maurice Druon "The Kings Uqalekisiwe", kuyinto adume eSoviet Union, iminyaka azinikele wokubusa minyaka emihlanu amakhosi Capetian lwamakhosi, nababusi bokuqala ababili ka Valois, igatsha asemancane Capetian. Philip IV Fair nayo yonke inzalo yakhe abangu baqalekiswe ENkosini Omkhulu Templars ngesikhathi ngokubulawa kwakhe.

Branched uqine

Laba bameleli be-asebukhosini kanye Carolingians abangu wamemezela amakhosi France - amadodana amabili ka umsunguli lwamakhosi uRobert Abanamandla, Bala we Anjou - Senior Ed 888, noRobert Jr. e 922. Kodwa Carolingian wahlala elibusayo uhlanga lwasebukhosini. Futhi kakade Gugo Kapet eyasungulwa lwamakhosi esisemthethweni, okungase kusho ukuhlala emandleni kuze 1848, ngoba isinqumo endlini esilandelayo Valois, Bourbon, Orleanidov kwakukhona amagatsha abasebasha Capet. Lo mbuso onomoya yamakhosi French kusukela kwabaneminyaka engamashumi 987 idume hhayi kuphela amagatsha alo, kodwa futhi neqiniso lokuthi, esamukele Carolingian isimo wahlukana lapho amandla yenkosi enwetshiwe kuphela kusukela Paris Orleans, yena uye ishintsha France ibe amandla eqinile monarchical, esisuka lisuka e-Atlantic coast lubhekisele oLwandle iMedithera . Lokhu kwakwenziwa imizamo emihle kakhulu amakhosi alo - Louis VI UTolstoy (1108-1137), Philip II Augustus ka Krivoy (1179-1223), omunye abameleli ovelele kule Ndlu, St Louis IX (1226-1270), uPhilip III le Bold (1270- 1285) futhi, yebo, uFiliphu Fair IV (1285-1314). Washintsha ngokuphelele France, ukuyivala ibe namandla, into efana isimo sethu samanje.

Isidlaliso, asele kuyo yonke le minyaka

Lo mbuso onomoya yamakhosi isiFulentshi, ogama lakhe livela isidlaliso - kubuye Capet. I Ngaphezu igama le nkosi yokuqala Gugo Velikogo kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala ukubonwa ngekhulu XI. Abanye abacwaningi bathi, isidlaliso wathola ngoba egqoka Abbey cap (cappa). Yena wayengumbulali wesigodlo yezwe yesigodlo odumile njengoba eSaint-Germain-des-Près, Saint-Denis, nabanye abaningana.

Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, Capet yaba igatsha abaphezulu yalesi enkulu uhlobo lwe ohlangothini inzalo ngubani wasungula olunye uhlu lwamakhosi ohlanga French wasebukhosini. Ithebula elingezansi utjengisa ukukhambelana ngenhla wathi.

Smart, ezinzima, enhle kakhulu

Philippe Fair kwaba umshado uphumelele kakhulu, okuyinto saba nezingane ezine. Abafana abathathu, amakhosi yanjalo France - oqumbile Louis X (1314-1316), uFiliphu V Ubude (1316-1322), uCarl IV ezikhangayo (1322-1328). Le nkosi ebuthaka kwakusala kude uyise elikhazimulayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abete, kodwa nguJohane mina Posthumous, indodana ka-Louis X enyukubele, owafa izinsuku 5 ngemva kokubhapathizwa. Philip indodakazi Fair washada iKing Edward II, wabapha amandla okuba indodana yabo Edward III Plantagenet uhlobo inselele sobukhosi French egatsheni Valois, owayamukela ngemva kokufa Charles Fair. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni ekuqaleni Eminyakeni Eyikhulu neMpi.

legatsha Valois

Lo mbuso onomoya yamakhosi isiFulentshi, wabusa ngekhulu le-14, okuthiwa lwamakhosi of Valois (1328-1589), njengoba ukhokho wayo kwaba umzala yenkosi lokugcina filipp Valua Capet. I share yokugcina yale ndlu iyakuba isinqumo wawa ngamashwa amaningi - impi olunegazi, ukulahlekelwa ezindaweni, isifo, nokuvukela adumile, elikhulu okungukufa Jacquerie (1358). Kuphela ngo-1453, iFrance, ngokokuqala umpteenth emlandweni waso, uthola ubukhulu yayo yangaphambili futhi yabuyiselwa imingcele yayo yangaphambili. NoJeanne d, Arc, Maid of Orleans noma, ngixosha British "bayabonga French" washiswa esigxotsheni. St noBartolomewu , futhi, beza ngesikhathi sokubusa lokhu lwamakhosi - Agasti 24, 1572. Futhi lokhu indlu yobukhosi kwadingeka nabameleli bayo Uyakufanelekela, ezifana uFrancis I. Eminyakeni yakhe yokubusa iyona izimbali ledzingekako France ngesikhathi Renaissance kanye nokuqinisa amandla aphelele ekuhlaleni kwenkosi esihlalweni sobukhosi. Inkosi yokugcina lendlu wawuyizingalo uthunjana futhi ozithandayo intriguante Ekateriny Medichi (ngowokuqala - amakhosi Francis II futhi uCharles IX), uHenry III. Kodwa Upper wakhe wagwazwa okweqile engumDominic Zhak Kleman. Henry III Yaduma ngu amanoveli Aleksandra Dyuma 'koroleva Margo "," I Countess de Monsoreau "," abangu-emihlanu. " Amadodana bekungakabhekwana, futhi Valois lwamakhosi okwamiswa ngalo ukuba angabe esabusa.

Bourbons

Kufika isikhathi zamakhosi akwa-France Bourbon lwamakhosi, umsunguli elalisendlini 1589 Henry IV of Navarre (1589-1610). Umuntu owasungula le legatsha asemancane Capetians wayeyindodana St Louis IX, Robert (1256-1317) ngomfazi Sire de Bourbon. Abameleli lokhu lwamakhosi eFrance matasa sobukhosi kusuka 1589 kuya 1792 futhi kusukela 1814 kuya 1848, ngenkathi eSpain, ngemva nokubuyiselwa eziningana, ekugcineni elishiya yesehlakalo kuphela ngo-1931. E-Fulansi, ngenxa inguquko 1792 lwamakhosi wagudluzwa futhi Korol Lyudovik XVI wabulawelwa 1793. zabuyiselwa sobukhosi ngemva kokuwa Napoleon Mina e 1814, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside - ngaphambi 1848 lapho kugumbuqelwa umbuso. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke inkosi isiFulentshi Bourbon lwamakhosi Yiqiniso, uLouis XIV noma iNkosi Yelanga. A isidlaliso wathola hhayi kuphela ngoba lalinjalo amandla '72 (kwesihlalo sobukhosi, wathatha koneminyaka eyisihlanu e 1643, washona ngo-1715), kodwa ngenxa ballets enhle Equestrian, lapho wahlanganyela isithombe yokukhanya, noma umbusi waseRoma, ubambe ezandleni isihlangu segolide, okusikhumbuza ilanga. ngempumelelo enkulu phakathi nokubusa kwayo yezwe bengayitholanga ozibongayo. Futhi linemibhikisho nokuchitheka kwegazi lanyakazisa izwe ekupheleni XVIII leminyaka phakathi XIX eminyaka, abonisa ukuthi ibhodi ayikuthandi Bourbons waseFrance labantu.

indlu ngekhulu XIX bobukhosi French

Lo mbuso onomoya abadumile yamakhosi French kwekhulu le-19? Iqiniso ukuthi waphazanyiswa ekuvukeleni elibuyiselwe futhi uphazamiseka. Ekhulwini XIX sobukhosi French kusukela ngo-1804 kuya ku 1815 wahlala uMbusi Napoleon Mina Bonaparte. Ngemva kokugumbuqelwa yakhe, kwaba khona ukubuyiselwa Bourbons. Enyukele sobukhosi, Louis XVIII (1814-1824), le nkosi lama-67 eFrance. Ayezoba iNkosi lokugcina France, owayebizwa hhayi asediliziwe, ezimbili zokugcina (Charles X 1824-1830, Louis-Philippe - 1830-1848) ukuthi ophucwa sobukhosi ngempoqo. Umshana ka Napoleon Mina, uMongameli wokuqala French Republic Louis Napoleon Bonaparte noma uNapoleon III Wagcina abantu eyayibusa. The French uMbusi Izinga elisuka 1854 to 1870 wayesesangweni amandla kuze kube bamba wakhe uWilliam I. Kwakukhona imizamo ekilasini sobukhosi isiFulentshi, kodwa ukugwema lokhu, ziye badayise, futhi ekugcineni izwe limenyezelwe republic e 1885 yonke umqhele yamakhosi French. Ekhulwini XIX sobukhosi elalihlala lwamakhosi French bobukhosi, itafula izinsuku ukulandelana wokubusa okuyinto ngezansi.

Merovingian, Carolingian, Capet (kuhlanganise Valois, le Bourbons, Orleanidy) Bonaparte - lwamakhosi French sika elibusayo.