Kushiwo ngamuphi umqondo ukuthi ukulawulwa inhliziyo?

Ake sixoxe ngendlela ukulawulwa zenhliziyo. Kuyinto lokhu umzimba kuyinto ebalulekile futhi ebalulekile mayelana nomzimba womuntu. Kwaba ngaphansi umsebenzi wakhe ephelele kwenzekani ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza njalo futhi ezaneleyo kuzo zonke izitho, izinhlelo, amaseli. Inhliziyo ibakhulule nomsoco kanye nomoya-mpilo, okwenza ahlambuluke i umzimba izidakamizwa okubangelwa umzimba.

Kwezinye izimo, ukulawulwa inhliziyo kuyaphazamiseka. Cabanga nezindaba ezihlobene ukuqaliswa imisebenzi isitho oyinhloko zomzimba womuntu.

Izici ukusebenza

Kushiwo ngamuphi umqondo ukuthi ukulawulwa izitsha inhliziyo negazi? Lokhu umzimba futha kuyinkimbinkimbi. Ngo oyiyo kukhona umnyango ahlukene, ngokuthi amakhamera ezine. Amagama amabili kwesokunxele futhi Atria kwesokudla, futhi kwalokhu okubili kubizwa ngokuthi ventricles. Kutholwe esiqongweni ATRIUM kunalokho mncane-ngodonga, mass eyinhloko imisipha yenhliziyo abelwa amalunga ventricles.

Ukulawulwa inhliziyo lihlotshaniswa igazi ukudonsa ngesikhathi ukusikwa Rhythmic nokungcebeleka of the imisipha yomzimba. ukunciphisa isikhathi ngokuthi isikhawu systole elihambisana kofé uhlangothi, ngokuthi diastole.

ukuzungeza

Okokuqala lo Atria ngesikhathi systole, umsebenzi bese atrial. igazi emithambo yegazi eqoqwe ngomzimba engena ATRIUM kwesokudla. Lapha, uketshezi uyakhishwa, sidlule ku-ventricle yangakwesokudla. Isayithi ngeke ukumpompa igazi, bakuthumela ku nokusakazwa yamaphaphu. Yilokho libizwa inethiwekhi semithambo ozungezayo emaphashini. Kulesi sigaba, negesi lokushintshisana kwenzeka. umoya-mpilo Atmosphere engena igazi, 'ematisa ke, igazi carbon dioxide ikhishwe. igazi elinomoya-mpilo is safakwa ATRIUM kwesokunxele, bese-ke agelezela ventricle engakwesobunxele. Kuyinto lokhu ingxenye inhliziyo eyikho aqinile. yemfanelo zawo zihlanganisa igazi baphokophelele aorta ukuze kwegazi. Uya ngokusebenzisa umzimba, eyilethe kusuka carbon dioxide.

Izici ukusebenza imithambo yegazi kanye inhliziyo

Ukulawulwa izitsha inhliziyo negazi elihlobene ne phansi isimiso sikagesi. It wayengadlali ohlinzeka emshaya komqondo inhliziyo, PERIODICITY yayo ukunciphisa, ukuphumula. Ingaphezulu umzimba embozwe Imicu yotshani eziningi, uyakwazi ukukhiqiza, ukudlulisa amaza ezahlukene kagesi.

Amasignali ikhiqizwa ngaphakathi engeyokuqala itheku, obizwa ngokuthi "umshini wokulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo." Le ndawo phezu esemqoka ye ATRIUM kwesokudla. Ukukhiqiza ke, isiginali sidlula Atria, okubangela ukuncishiswa. Khona-ke umfutho luhlukaniswe ventricles, udala ukusikwa Rhythmic kwemisipha zesivikelo sesifuba.

Ukudlidlizela we senhliziyo esilimele phezulu nohlu omdala kusukela ayisithupha amashumi ayisishiyagalombili ngomzuzu izinga. Ukuthi babizwa ishayela inhliziyo. Zokuthola umsebenzi kagesi inhliziyo uhlelo ngezikhathi electrocardiogram. Ngokwenza ucwaningo ezifana kungabonwa kumiswa ungacabanganga, kanye ukuhamba kwayo enhliziyweni, ukuze uveze ukushayisana izinqubo ezinjalo.

isiqondiso Neuro-humoral wenhliziyo ehlangene izici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, palpitations inhliziyo zenzeka ongaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu ngokomzwelo. Phakathi nalokho kubingelelana, kukhona ukulawulwa adrenaline hormone. Lokho-ke uyakwazi ukwandisa izinga inhliziyo. isiqondiso Humoral zenhliziyo zingaba ukuthola ezihlukahlukene izinkinga ukushaya kwenhliziyo evamile, ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi ukuze akuqede.

eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa

Abasebenzi bezempilo ngaphansi ukwehluleka ezinjalo zithinta ezihlukahlukene ukwephula ukusikwa egcwele isigqi inhliziyo. Izinkinga ezinjalo kungadalwa ezahlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, ukulawulwa inhliziyo umsebenzi kwenzeka e-electrolytic futhi endocrine izifo, iziyaluyalu vegetative. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphakama izinkinga phakathi adakwe kunemithi noma amaphilisi owaphuzayo.

izinhlobo ezivamile ukwephulwa

isiqondiso Nervous wenhliziyo lihlotshaniswa imisipha Kufinyeta. Itheku tachycardia kuyinto Kufinyeta njalo ngaphezulu inhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nezimo lapho isibalo kwenhliziyo kuyehla. Lesi sifo kwezokwelapha libizwa bradycardia itheku. Phakathi ukwephulwa esiyingozi ezihlobene umsebenzi inhliziyo, siphawula tachycardia paraksizamalnuyu. Uma kukhona kukhona nokwenyuka kwenani amabhithi inhliziyo ngomzuzu angaba yikhulu. Isiguli kufanele ibekwe endaweni evundlile, ngokushesha okubiza udokotela.

Ukulawulwa inhliziyo elihlobene ne fibrillation atrial, arrythmia. Noma yimuphi yokuphazamiseka evamile kwenhliziyo kufanele kube uphawu ukufinyelela ukuba wenhliziyo.

ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo

Lapho esephumule, imisipha yenhliziyo kuyehla ayizinkulungwane mayelana kayikhulu ngosuku olulodwa. Kuyinto ngalesi sikhathi isikhathi engaba yishumi amathani amaphampu igazi. Contractile umsebenzi inhliziyo bunikezwa imisipha yenhliziyo. Libhekisela imisipha striated, ukuthi, has a isakhiwo esithile. Iqukethe amaseli athile, lapho excitation libonakala, idluliselwa ku odongeni atrial futhi ventricular kwemisipha. Ukuncishiswa inhliziyo Kwenzeka ngezigaba. Okokuqala lo Atria futhi ke ventricles.

Kuvele automaton ibizwa ngokuthi ikhono kwenhliziyo ungenwa atishaye bedle amaza. Kuyinto lesi sici uqinisekisa inkululeko phakathi kuka isimiso sezinzwa futhi ukusebenza inhliziyo.

Flasher

Ukwazi bona inomboro isilinganiso amabhithi ngeminithi kuyizikhathi 75, umuntfu angakhona kubala okuyisikhathi ukusikwa. Ngokwesilinganiso, kuthatha imizuzwana mayelana 0.8. Umjikeleto ephelele siqukethe izigaba ezintathu:

• I-0.1 imizuzwana Kwenziwa kokubili ukusikwa atrial;
• Lihlala 0.3 imizuzwana nokuncipha ventricles kwesokudla noma kwesokunxele;
• imizuzwana mayelana 0.4 yilona ukuphumula Imininingwane.

ukuphumula ventricular kwenzeka ngemizuzwana mayelana 0.4, enjalo atrial isikhawu i imizuzwana 0.7. Kulokhu kwanele impela alulame ngokugcwele kwemisipha.

Izimo letitsintsa inhliziyo

Amandla kanye ukushaya kwenhliziyo elihlobene ne imvelo bangaphandle zangaphakathi namalungu omzimba womuntu. Nge waba ukwanda okukhulu kwezincwadi inani Kufinyeta waphawula ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo semithambo ka omningi igazi iyunithi isikhathi ngasinye. Lapho ukunciphisa amandla nokushaya kwenhliziyo kuyehla igazi ejection. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo kukhona ushintsho ukuze igazi eligciniwe zomzimba womuntu, okuyinto inomphumela omubi ngesimo sempilo yakhe.

Ukulungiswa inhliziyo yenziwa ibuyisele, autonomic nervous system ehilelekile ke. Impulses ezitholwa inhliziyo parasympathetic ezinzwa zizodamba buthaka ukusikwa. Nokuqinisa kanye palpitations olunikezwa nezinzwa nozwela.

umsebenzi Humoral "motor womuntu" lihlotshaniswa ekusebenzeni izinto eziphila abakhuthele kanye enzyme. Ngokwesibonelo, epinephrine (hormone adrenal), i-calcium compounds nomthelela njalo futhi kwenhliziyo.

usawoti potassium, ngokuphambene ukusiza ukunciphisa inani ukusikeka. Ukuze ihlanganise esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi yezimo yangaphandle isicelo izici humoral futhi ukusebenza isimiso sezinzwa.

Phakathi ukubulawa umsebenzi ngokomzimba kukhona ukugeleza amaza kusukela ezicubwini zemizwa isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, olawula ukusebenza inhliziyo. Ngenxa yalokho, njengoba sekube okwandisa ligeleze pulses inhliziyo nezinzwa nozwela, igazi ziphonswe adrenaline. Ngenxa yokwanda kwenani of Kufinyeta senhliziyo umzimba udinga isamba esengeziwe sika-izakhi kanye nomoya-mpilo.