Yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini

Kubantu, ukuzungeza igazi kuyinto uhlamvu avaliwe. Kuvaliwe ngoba akanayo ukuxhumana imvelo bangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunyatheliswa womuntu ligcwele futhi double. Qedela ibizwa ngokuthi ngoba igazi (pooling eyeqile lwemithambo) kungukuthi elixutshwe.

Umzimba kudedela kwegazi ezinkulu nezincane. Kukhona lwesithathu. Ubizwa ngokuthi futhi "inhliziyo" futhi wenza imisebenzi ebalulekile ngempela.

Lung (ezincane) ukuzungeza iqala i-ventricle yangakwesokudla. Umsebenzi eyinhloko ukugcwaliswa igazi elingenawo umoya ekususweni kwe-carbon dioxide. Emaphashini kukhona exchange amagesi.

Small kwegazi kanje. Kubi igazi nomoya-mpilo (emithambo yegazi) ingena kusukela ventricle (kwesokudla) ebhuthini yamaphaphu. Wendlovu (Umthambo ngobukhulu, okuyinto likhona yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini) luhlukaniswe kwesokunxele nokuvaleka kwemithambo ngakwesokudla (yamaphaphu). Kusukela ukugeleza kwesokudla uya e iphaphu kwesokudla, ukusuka kwesokunxele - ngakwesobunxele, ngokulandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho ngokwahlukana kwenzeka Umthambo yamaphaphu amaningi ezincane.

yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini kuhlanganisa capillary ukuthi kufanelekile esondelene kakhulu Ingaphakathi emaphashini. Lokhu Kwamanzi baxhumane nge air ozungeze umhlaba wethu. capillary Igazi emoyeni uyashiywa kuphela izindonga capillary kanye ngokwabo ukukhanya kakhulu odongeni mncane. Le migoqo umncane ukuze ezimweni ezivamile, i-carbon dioxide futhi umoya-mpilo akwazi ukungena ngokusebenzisa kwabo kalula. Ngakho, kukhona ukunyakaza izingxenye lokuhlushwa ephakeme izingxenye engezansi. Ngenxa yokuthi i-carbon dioxide ngemithambo xaxa, iya emoyeni, lapho alifani ezincane. Futhi, njengoba emoyeni njengoba oxygen kakhulu njengoba ludlulele capillary.

Ezinye capillary yamaphaphu axhunyiwe futhi iyangena imikhumbi emikhulu. Labo, esikhundleni salokho, ukungena ngisho nemikhumbi emikhulu - ngemithambo. Umphumela ezine eziyinhloko umthambo (yamaphaphu). Ngakho, yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini luphela e-ATRIUM ngakwesokunxele.

ukuzungeza isikhathi yedwa amane kuya imizuzwana emihlanu. yokujikeleza kwegazi eliya emaphashini kuhilela ukuhamba kwegazi emithambo yegazi ngokusebenzisa yegazi lwemithambo - ngemithambo.

Kukhona isikhathi sokuba isifunda ephelele. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, igazi sihamba kokubili imibuthano - nezincane, ezinkulu. Lapho esephumule, kuthatha cishe amabili amasekhondi amathathu. Imisipha ukungezwani kuphula ijubane. Ngenxa yalokho ukudlula igazi ngokusebenzisa kokubili imibuthano kungaba lobunane amasekhondi ayisishiyagalolunye.

Ekhuluma obomvu ketshezi ukunyakaza emzimbeni, kubalulekile ukuba sikusho izitho abathintekayo kuso. Ngakho, ngo-ukuzungeza abathintekayo ventricles futhi Atria yegazi, aorta, ama-capillary, aphansi kanye engenhla vena cava, ama-capillary yamaphaphu nokuvaleka kwemithambo, emithanjeni, le-alveoli, coronaria.

Ngosizo imithambo yegazi ngisuke phakathi kwezitho ezahlukene, izicubu, futhi inhliziyo. Enhlitiyweni ukuza Umthambo. Bathumela igazi ezicutshini eziyishumi nemitshingo. Imithambo kuhluke ubukhulu esikhulu aminyene izindonga nokunwebeka ukuthi ekwazi ukumelana nengcindezi sezingeni eliphezulu (igazi).

Imithambo yakhiwa amagobolondo eziningana: elingaphakathi, yangaphandle futhi phakathi.

semithambo inesikhala ezilungisiwe isimiso sezinzwa (autonomic) futhi kungenzeka ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa yi-operation kwemisipha bushelelezi. Ukwanda noma ukwehla kuzoncika izidingo eyodwa noma eminye imigwamanda, kanye umbuso lokushisa lendawo ezungezile imvelo.

Imithambo ezicutshini futhi izitho lihamba ezitsheni ne Isikhala sayo esingaphakathi ezincane, ekugcineni aguqulayo ku-capillary. Them nanso is ukushintshana nomsoco kanye nezinye izakhi ezidingekile ekuphileni phakathi amaseli negazi. Capillary, esikhundleni salokho, ukuxhuma arteriole futhi ama-venule.