Kanjani futhi lapho Tarim River notshwala? Incazelo, izici nesithombe aqueous usakaze China

Umbuzo uwukuthi lapho uMfula Tarim ageleza nalapho kuvela, kunalokho ezithakazelisayo. Esikhathini yamaShayina yasendulo ngephutha wayekholelwa ukuthi umlomo ukugeleza okukhulu esigodini. Huang Ho. Okuningi ezivamile igama - uMfula eliphuzi. Kodwa phakathi nokubusa Han lwamakhosi, abantu zaqaphela ukuthi lo mbono akulona iqiniso.

hydronym

Ekhuluma ngomsuka igama indawo ethintekayo, lapho uMfula Tarim ageleza, futhi sici. Igama liyazikhulumela. Lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi Turkish 'itiyela' kusho "waqhekeka waba izingxenye", nokuthi yenza wamanzi. Tarim has a lot of amagatsha, ezindaweni eziningi sehlukaniswe embhedeni eziningi. Usosayensi Asia Ephakathi echazwe River nje: "Wabe agelezela echibini, it is lost in kwezihlabathi." Njengamanje, izifundo eziningi sezenziwe, kodwa imiphumela kuphela waqinisekisa umbono ubudala.

Kanjani futhi lapho Tarim River notshwala?

Tarim Water ukugeleza - omunye imifula emikhulu China. Kuthathwa ngokuthi waqopha e-Asia Ephakathi. Umthombo wayiqamba indawo lapho umfula Yarkand ixhuma neminye imifula. It Hotan futhi Aksu. Kule wamanzi indawo ngokuthi i-Tarim. ubude bayo ukusuka Yarkand eMfuleni kuze kube umlomo imayelana-2030 km. Inani umcengezi ndawo 1 million izinyawo square. km.

Ngakho, lapho Tarim River notshwala? embhedeni Its itholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-China. Futhi ukuba enembile, e Xinjiang Uygur esifundeni ezimele China.

Izici wamanzi

Njengezilwane eziningi emfuleni Asian, lo Tarim ngokuvamile ishintsha indlela yayo. Emifuleni yakhona ngoba umbala salo ngempela Murky. Ugu luyindida. Tarim Umbhede kuhlanganisa emifuleni yamanzi ezimbili Aksu futhi Yarkend. Lesi sakamuva kuvela ezinkangala we Karakoram. Aksu ngaphezulu uvamela kuka Yarkand, futhi ithatha cishe 80% ukugeleza Imininingwane.

Emaphethelweni enyakatho futhi esentshonalanga Kashgar ethafeni lapho umfula Tarim, sihamba naso oqavile ingxenye. Taklimakan Ugwadule ivuliwe ohlangothini embhedeni, kodwa eduze kwalo kukhona ukuhlakazeka ukwehla nokugeleza kwawo. Ngakho, i-delta ezomile. Yingakho ososayensi endulo wathi ukuthi Tarim ulahleke ehlane.

Ngasekuqaleni emfuleni kuhlanganisiwe nemifula ezifana Kashgar, Tiznaf futhi Keriya. Manje ezinye izisetshenziswa esetshenziswa ukunisela bamazwe aseduze. Futhi omunye cishe ngokuphelele ome ehlane. Kusukela amanzi echibi ukunisela e Yarkend, Kashgar futhi Aksu isiziba.

Izici Zabantu River Tarim

Esikhathini sifinyelela maphakathi kanye sifinyelela engezansi Tarim ikhishwe ku iziteshi eziningi nemisele. Ngakho, sebuningini iziteshi ngokungahlelekile emachibini amancane, okuyinto ahlelwe strip, whose banzi ububanzi kufike ku-80 km. Lena ukuphela kwendawo lapho uMfula Tarim, noma kunalokho, isiteshi zako ezisemqoka, ngilokhu njalo ishintsha indlela yayo.

Lower ukugeleza endaweni sihamba eduze k. Konchedarya. Phakathi amanzi kazamcolo we Tarim, edabula isiteshi, ugcwalise echibini Lop Nor. Kukholakala ukuthi umlomo wamanzi. Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, izinguquko njalo bebheke ukugeleza - isici wamanzi Tarim. River ngempela ehlukile, ngakho uma kuza isikhathi, echibini uqala zikhule engajulile futhi yomile. Okwamanje, le nkinga - omunye wemizila ebaluleke kakhulu.

Esikhathini amanzi emvula ephansi ukugeleza kuphazamisekile futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izinga lamanzi liwohloka. Bome iziteshi ezincane eziningi ezenzeka ezindaweni ezinkulu. On echibini Lop Noma avele ezindaweni eziwugwadule. Ukuze kulungiswe le nkinga, it uxhuma uhulumeni. Enye yezinjongo eziyinhloko ukuthuthkisa emvelweni komfula sifinyelela yazo ephakathi nendawo futhi aphansi.

Amandla kanye nezemvelo izimo

Tarim - umfula, okuyinto inikwa amandla yi ikakhulukazi eneqhwa nemvula. Ngo ukusakaza amanzi elingenhla kungase glacial. Flood kwenzeka kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-September. Kusukela ngo-October kuya ku-April, kufika yokuntuleka kwamanzi.

Elikhulu kunawo wonke amanzi ukugeleza emfuleni phakathi ifinyelela eduze ne-Aral Sea - ezingaphezu kuka-2,500 cubic metres. m / umzuzwana. Ngokuphathelene ivolumu ukugeleza ukuphuma ezintabeni, kuba elilingana 29 cubic metres. km, futhi emathafeni - kusuka 4 kuya kwezingu-8 cubic metres. km ngonyaka. Ebusika, ebusweni emfuleni embozwe iqhwa kusukela ngoDisemba kuya ku-March.

Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene we Tarim

Along Tarim Basin nohlaza yayo imelelwa okulandelayo: Mugwort, Poplar, willow, ulwandle lalesi sihlahla, licorice Ural kanye Hemp Indian. Esigodini sikhule amahlathi riparian, eyayikade ivalwe isihlabathi.

Nezilwane eduze ugu futhi echibini lihlukile. Ngo amanzi ekhaya Tarim kwabayisishiyagalombili kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ukuthi bavela emikhayeni ezifana Nemachilus, Diplophysa, Schizothorax futhi Aspiorrhynchus. Okuvame kakhulu - a-Isakare, u-Osman, Marinka. Esikhathini sifinyelela aphansi mhlanga imibhede, lokushutheka Waterfowl zezinyoni. Esigodini emachibini yezinyoni eziningi ezifudukayo ayeke.

ukusetshenziswa

Tarim River eChina kancane kancane lokho elikushoyo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi alo njengoba loyimvelo ukuze ezingumphumela womkhiqizo isiba ngaphansi ezifiselekayo. Naphezu kwemizamo kahulumeni ukubandakanya abantu bendawo ukuze basakaze ezolimo, iningi amazwe bathunyelwa. Lokhu kungenxa Ukuwohloka esikhula ngokushesha kwemithombo yamanzi.

The main imikhiqizo yezolimo ukotini, uvolo, okusanhlamvu nezithelo. Amaminerali misela jade. izindawo enkulu evundile esetshenziselwa bendabuko ukulima isiziba, okuyinto kuyinkinga emazweni Muslim.

izinkinga

Kuze kube manje, kwemvelo ziveza izinkinga sina elisemcengezini emfuleni. Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lamashumi amabili asesiteshini esezansi ugeleza ngokukhululekile odabula kulesi sigodi, nge ububanzi silinganisiwe km 50 kuya ku-100. izimo Positive uholé yokuthi ephasishi eziluhlaza amahlozi obukhulu zikabhabhulini udaliwe. umthelela omuhle kwezemvelo, ezenziwe yilezi amahlathi, abenze isixhumanisi main ukuba khona izitshalo lwendabuko nezilwane. Noma kunjalo, lezi zokugcina ezindaweni eziluhlaza kukhona at ukwehla sina ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha ezimbonini esifundeni.