Emimoyeni ebandayo phezu Western

Mayelana 70% wonke hlala Umhlaba Ocean. Ziyakwazi njalo motion bedle eside noma esifushane eside nemiphumela zasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. ukunyakaza okunjalo ukugudluka olukhulu lwamanzi abe nomthelela emhlabeni wonke sezulu kule ngxenye yomhlaba futhi wonke sezulu eMhlabeni. Ngo eNingizimu Nenkabazwe, kuzichaya has a wamanje oqinile abandayo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-West Wind Drift.

Izimbangela ulwandle imisinga

Umhlaba ocean amanzi ezindaweni ezahlukene iplanethi kuyahlukahluka izinga lokushisa, ukuminyana, usawoti, umbala, futhi ayikwazi ngokwenyama zibe nhlanganisela olulodwa. Ukuhambisa ke ngokuvamile kubangelwa umphumela elihlangene amabutho eziningana esebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene ekujuleni ezahlukene.

Phezu kobuso imisinga ocean of the isici eyinhloko yemfundo - umoya linqoba. Trade imimoya okuyinto abe isiqondiso kuqhathaniswa njalo, ngokuthi imbangela eyinhloko kumiswa ukusakaza ezimbili ezinkulu, isiqondiso ekulondolozeni isikhathi eside: Northern futhi Southern imisinga enkabazwe. Bona akhishwa amanzi emaphethelweni esentshonalanga Atlantic nePacific, lapho, kuye ngokuthi ukuma amazwekazi, akhiwa ukusakaza ngabanye. ukuzungeza Kwakheka, lesekela kuhlanganise imimoya yezimvula ukuthi nishaye ehlobo nge kolwandle ezweni, futhi ebusika - kunalokho.

Warm amakhaza

Oceans - Global Ekupholiseni le planethi, lapho kunezinqubo eziningana lokushisa. Phakathi kwezinhlobo we ezinyakazayo Translational yamanzi ukuhlukanisa ukugeleza efudumele futhi abandayo. ulwandle ukugeleza lokushisa - hhayi ngokuphelele-kodwa liyindaba yokuzinqumela. Warm kwenza indawo epholile, umkhuhlane - a ukugeleza ukufuthelana ocean izingqimba nasesikhathini sezulu ezishisayo.

Ngokuvamile flow zibhekiswe kude yenkabazwe, kusukela zindawo eziphakeme zingabi ephansi - efudumele. Uma ukusakaza okuzelwe ngaseningizimu noma enyakatho yenkabazwe futhi liqukethe amanzi esifundeni ezipholile, kuba - a wamanje abandayo.

Ukuhlobana lokushisa isici yolwandle kubonakala isibonelo imisinga ezimbili olwandle, esisogwini izingxenye eziphikisanayo iplanethi. Gulf Stream - kolwandle Udume kakhulu obumba sezulu eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ungaphakathi uhla 4-6 ° C futhi siphathelene, izona efudumele evuthayo waya ogwini. Inamandla zamanje abandayo Benguela - omunye amagatsha West Wind Drift. Ngu Cape athwala amanzi, sishisiswe 20 ° C.

Emngceleni ka-Antarctic

Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela emikhulu yamanzi ezindaweni ezibandayo we Nenkabazwe eningizimu - enamandla kakhulu emhlabeni. Bakha-Antarctic Circumpolar (circum Latin - emhlabeni + Polaris - polar) ngaphakathi, indandatho okuqhubekayo livimbezele iplanethi kusuka entshonalanga kuya empumalanga. I enkulu ukugeleza abandayo - okuqukethwe esemqoka ye okunemibandela imfundo womhlaba - Southern Ocean, ezakhiwe amanzi Pacific, Indian kanye izilwandle Atlantic ezizungezile Antarctica.

Ngasogwini lomfula nezwekazi yesithupha 55 ° latitude eningizimu, yomngcele oseningizimu maqembu okunemibandela lokhu kusakazwa, nasenyakatho egobhoza parallel 40. Eslphambanweni emanzini abandayo ezisogwini nezwekazi eliseningizimu imbozwe ice futhi kushisa eningizimu ocean eziseceleni ozalwa imimoya esiqine ekuthunyelweni eNingizimu Nenkabazwe.

ebhongayo forties

Lena enye igama elingaphezu emhlabeni ngokuba imimoya Western.

Zindawo, kuhlanganise okuyisona wamanje ngobukhulu abandayo, wabelwa ukuba izihloko eziningana ezimbi kakhulu. "Forties Roaring 'ozungezile" umkhulungwane "futhi" embi "le zamashumi amahlanu" ukubhoboza "sixties. Isilinganiso isivinini somoya kule ndawo - 7-13 m / s. Beaufort emoyeni esibizwa ngokuthi i-fresh futhi eqinile, njengoba isiphepho kugadle inhlekelele (25 m / s) - into evamile.

Inamandla abandayo zamanje circumpolar, hhayi ukuhlangabezana izithiyo Continental, imimoya enamandla nokuphikelelayo ntshonalanga wenza latitude ka enqamulelayo ngoba sailboats. Lapha abeke "umzila we Clipper", okuthiwa ngakho lwemikhumbi uthayiphe tsenivshihsya for the kwezidingo fast kakhulu kwezimpahla wamakoloni kusuka ngaphandle kwelaseNdiya neChina e-Europe. Adume "itiye" Clipper asethwe XVIII-XIX amarekhodi eminyaka isivinini, uma bakwazi ngempumelelo circumnavigate ichopho eliseningizimu ye-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika.

Ububanzi, ubude, ukugeleza isilinganiso

Marine i-Southern wind ubude ingqikithi 30,000 km 1000 km ububanzi sinesikhundla (volumetric ukugeleza rate) - .. 125-150 Sv (svedrupov), okusho ukuthi yesibili ukugeleza liya ayizinkulungwane 150 cubic metres yamanzi. Lokhu ifaniswe ngamandla ukuthi kwezinye izindawo Gulf Stream. Ukugeleza izinga ungqimba kwamanzi olwandle - kusuka 0.4 kuya 0.9 km / h, ukujula - 0.4 km / h.

lokushisa Water Antarctic Circumpolar yamanje ihlukile emagatsheni awo ngobukhulu, okwenzeka izilwandle ezintathu ezahlukene. I West Wind Drift yilesi:

• Falkland kanye Benguela yamanje e-Atlantic.
• I West Australian - E-Indian Ocean.
• Pacific zamanje Peruvian.

Engxenyeni eseningizimu yaleli ukugeleza ungqimba engenhla has a C lokushisa 1-2 °, nasezintabeni ezisenyakatho - 12-15 ° C.

Uma uyikha phezulu le namaphakathi nezwe

Oceans - ephilayo olulodwa. Kwatholakala ukuthi yonke ukushuba amanzi olwandle siyahamba njalo. Displacement ovundlile kuthiwa kwahambisana mpo uma ngiphakamisa ucishe obukhulu izingqimba eshubile. It uyaqhubeka efundelwa imisinga ngaphambilini ezingafinyeleleki ngokujulile ukuthi ngokuvamile okuphambene isiqondiso ebusweni.

Ngo-2010, ososayensi Japanese wathola ngasogwini Antarctica endaweni Adelie Land, a umshoshaphansi eqinile. Ngo amanzi Ross Sea ogeleza usuka encibilika izinguzunga zeqhwa ukwakha at a 3000 metres amandla ukugeleza eziyizigidi ezingu-30 m ³ / s ukujula. flow isilinganiso - 0.7 km / h, kanti lokushisa lamanzi + 0,2 ° C. Lona wamanje ezibandayo Yezilwandle ZaseNingizimu.