Esinyeni nokubhukuda zezinhlanzi: incazelo, umsebenzi

NgoLwesine kutholakale isidumbu sendoda inhlanti ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi Amatebhe. Amandla uhlale kwamanzi ukubhukuda manipulations nokusebenza kanye nokugcinwa ukuzinza kubangelwa isakhiwo olukhethekile emzimbeni. Ngaphezu evamile ngisho kwezitho zomzimba emzimbeni izakhamuzi eziningi kwamanzi enikeziwe izingxenye ezibucayi, okuvumela ukunikeza buoyancy nokuzinza. Ubalulekile kulo mongo has esinyeni sibhukuda, okuyinto phambili emathunjini. Ngokusho ososayensi abaningi, umzimba kungabhekwa njengokuvikela kuyisandulela emaphashini womuntu. Kodwa izinhlanzi ke wenza umsebenzi wayo ophambili nosemqoka, okuyinto akugcini kuphela uhlobo ibhalansi umsebenzi.

Kumiswa esinyeni bhukuda

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-bubble uqala isibungu, kusukela foregut. inhlanzi Iningi angenasawoti ukugcina lokhu umzimba kukho konke ukuphila. Ngesikhathi ukukhululwa izibungu e Bubbles Fry okwamanje akukho Ukwakheka igesi. Ukuze ukugcwaliswa yayo gazinga emoyeni kuziwa kwamanzi futhi akhombise ingxube kudingekile kuphela. Ngo isinyathelo-embryonic ukuthuthukiswa swimbladder kwakhiwa njengoba yayifanekisela nomxhantela of amaphiko emgogodleni futhi agcinwe ngaphansi. Ngemva kwalokho, isiteshi exhumanisa le ngxenye emphinjeni, iphele. Kodwa akupheleli lapho abantu. Ngesisekelo khona futhi ukungabi khona kulesi siteshi zihlukaniswe izinhlanzi kanye physostomous zakryto-. Endabeni lokuqala, overgrowth we imbobo emoyeni bese kuthi amagesi kuthiwa ukukhiphela ngokusebenzisa capillary igazi ezindongeni ngaphakathi bubble. Ngo izinhlanzi physostomous kulomzimba ehlangene emathunjini ngokusebenzisa imbobo emoyeni, futhi lapho kukhona igesi ukususwa.

Negesi esinyeni egcwele

Negesi umdlavuza ingcindezi esinyeni is uhlaliseke. Ikakhulukazi, zisiza ukuthuthukisa ke, uma kunesidingo, ukunciphisa isebenze umzimba obomvu kwakhiwa capillary obukhulu inethiwekhi. Njengoba umgwaqo umfutho izinhlanzi physostomous kancane kunalokho zezinto eziphilayo zakrytopuzyrnyh, bangakwazi ngokushesha avuke ekujuleni kwamanzi. Lapho ukubamba izinhlanzi kubadobi Uhlobo lwesibili ngezinye izikhathi waphawula njengoba ukubhukuda esinyeni kuphuma aphuma ngomlomo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-isitsha ulele ne kuyanda okusheshayo kwamanzi kusuka phansi. Lezi zinhlanzi, ngokukhethekile, singasho sithi perch, perch futhi sticklebacks. Ezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye ezihlala phansi, baye ziyancipha kakhulu bubble.

umsebenzi hydrostatic

Fish bubble umzimba Amatebhe, kodwa umsebenzi walo main ukuletha uzinzo izimo ezahlukene ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lena umsebenzi uhlobo hydrostatic, ngenhlanhla, ingashintshwa ukuze nezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okuyinto kuqinisekiswa izibonelo izinhlanzi ezaziphekwe ungenalo bubble ezinjalo. Noma kunjalo, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukusiza inhlanzi bahlale ekujuleni ezithile, lapho isisindo yamanzi dengwane umzimba oluhambisana isisindo ngabanye. Ekusebenteni, umsebenzi hydrostatic zingavela kanje: okwamanje ukucwiliswa yomzimba asebenzayo onomfutho kanye bubble, futhi lapho senza ukunyukela, kunalokho, is waqonda. Inqubo ekushoniseni mass dengwane ivolumu liyancipha futhi iba esingaphansi isisindo sezinhlanzi. Ngakho izinhlanzi Ungabeka phansi ngaphandle kobudisi. I ephansi dive, ayanda amandla ingcindezi futhi umzimba ecindezeleke kakhudlwana. izinqubo obuyela emuva kwenzeke izikhathi emqansweni - igesi yandisa, kuphumele mass lula nenhlanzi liphume kalula.

Ukudideka

Kanye umsebenzi hydrostatic lokhu izenzo umzimba, futhi ngandlela-thile izinsizakuzwa. Ngalo, izinhlanzi abangase basibheke umsindo vibration wave. Kodwa leli khono ungakakwenzi zonke izinhlobo - lisesigabeni nale ikhono zihlanganisa carp futhi eyikati. Kodwa abantu abaningi bathi umbono umsindo ngokwayo inikeza akukho esinyeni sibhukuda, futhi iqembu lonke zemizimba elifanelana nalo. imisipha Special Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kubangele kunyakaza bubble izindonga, elibangela vibration emizweni. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwezinye izinhlobo abe bubble ezinjalo, hydrostatics ngingekho ngokuphelele, kodwa walondoloza kungenzeka bezibona imisindo. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ukuba izinhlanzi benthic ukuthi ukuchitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwabo ezingeni elifanayo ngaphansi kwamanzi.

imisebenzi zokuzivikela

I minnows izikhathi izimo ezingaba ingozi, isibonelo, kungenzeka ukukhulula igesi kusukela kwesinye futhi ukukhiqiza imisindo ethize akachazeki congeners yabo. Akufanele sicabange ukuthi ukwakheka umsindo zazingavumi kahle futhi bengenalo ayikwazi kuqondwe nezinye abakhileyo ezweni kwamanzi. Gorby eyaziwa kahle abadobi humming futhi ephezulu imisindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isinye bhukuda zezinhlanzi gurnard etholakalayo, ngokoqobo ethuke umyalo US ngwenya phakathi nempi - babe ekhululekile ngakho zenza imisindo. Ngokuvamile lezi zimpawu zenzeka lapho sifikelwa sezinzwa overstrain izinhlanzi. Uma esimweni a kwesinye umsebenzi operation hydrostatic kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya ingcindezi yangaphandle futhi kumiswa ke umsindo kwenzeka njengoba isignali ekhethekile zokuzivikela kwakhiwa kuphela inhlanzi.

Ngo eningeke esinyeni bhukuda zezinhlanzi?

Zibancishe lesi sitho Parusnikova inhlanzi, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo aseduze phansi ukuphila. Cishe bonke abantu deepwater makenze ngaphandle kwesinye bhukuda. Yilokho kanye okwenzeka lapho ama-buoyancy kungenziwa kuqinisekiswa izindlela - ikakhulukazi, ngenxa ekuqongeleleni fat and ikhono lazo asihlehleli. Sihlale sizinzile isimo nakho kunomthelela kwabantu eliphansi umzimba kwezinye izinhlanzi. Kodwa kukhona nezinye izimiso kokulondoloza imisebenzi hydrostatic. Ngokwesibonelo, ushaka bhukuda esinyeni singanikezwanga, ngakho-ke uphoqelekile ukuba silondoloze ukucwiliswa ukujula anele ngenxa yokwesatshiswa asebenzayo lomzimba amaphiko.

isiphetho

Hhayi lutho, izazi eziningi bahoshé ukufana izitho bulimaza imigudu yokuphefumula kubantu nenhlanzi esinyeni. Iletha lezi ubuhlobo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo umzimba, ngokomongo okumele kubhekwe futhi isakhiwo samanje izinhlanzi. Iqiniso lokuthi esinyeni bhukuda ayitholakali zonke kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kudala kungasetjentiswa ngalokufanako. Lokhu akusho ukuthi umzimba ayidingeki, kodwa izinqubo yoma yayo nokwehlisa ukuphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka do ngaphandle le ngxenye. Kwezinye izimo, izinhlanzi isetshenziselwa umsebenzi ofanayo hydrostatic amafutha yangaphakathi kanye kwabantu umzimba ephansi, kanye nezinye - amaphiko.