Likuphi Lake Chad? incazelo emfushane

Maphakathi ne-Afrika, ezindaweni driest emhlabeni, kuba Lake Chad. Kumephu kulula kakhulu ukuthola.

Kafushane mayelana main

Umlando echibini waqala eminyakeni eyizigidi edlule, ke ingenye ambalwa lokusinda relict amachibi. Ichibi engenzi kuyayiqeda, eminyakeni ethile okungavamile kuphela amanzi luyanda futhi ageleza phansi somfula Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Endaweni iChibi iChad - 1 350 km ^2. Lesi sibalo kabi amandla akhe, kusukela echibini bome ngonyaka. Noma kunjalo, Chad - omunye kwekulu amachibi e-Afrika. Lizungezwe inqwaba emaxhaphozini encane. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola iphi Lake Chad, kunzima. Phela, ibalazwe kubonisa isimo sezwe yene kakade.

igama

igama echibini livela ulimi wendawo AboMdabu Isi-Kanuri, futhi lisho "amanzi enkulu". State lapho ingxenye echibini lethiwa kuyinto behlonipha kuye. Ngaphezu Chad (lizwe kulesi izwekazi), leli chibi ngaphakathi okunye 3 amazwe ase-Afrika: Niger, Nigeria kanye Cameroon. Kuhle kakhulu show Lake Chad kumephu posted ngezansi.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi echibini mikhulu ngezindinganiso Afrika, baseYurophu ngakho isikhathi eside ke ayikaziwa. Yisho iqiniso lokuthi inhliziyo Afrika kuyinto "elwandle olukhulu", ashiwo ama-Arabhu. Kuphela phakathi nekhulu XIX. abahambi isiNgisi, ososayensi ewela i-Sahara wafinyelela ogwini Chad.

Yini eyingqayizivele?

Lake Chad (lizwe elinegama elifanayo futhi ukhona) iyingqayizivele ngempela. Futhi kunezizathu eziningana.

Okokuqala, indawo yayo. Ichibi itholakala inhliziyo elome kunawo wonke umhlaba, cishe ku yenkabazwe. Okumangazayo ukuthi zonke izinhlangothi ukuze echibini kusondela ehlane, ethi: kusukela enyakatho - eSahara, kusukela eNingizimu - Savannah Sudanese.

Okwesibili, izinguquko kaningi umthamo wamanzi. amanzi Surface akuyona njalo: esimweni esejwayelekile emanzini ndawo ubuso 27 ^{km2 ..} Basengozini yokuthi uma lina, it kwandisa ukuba 50 izinkulungwane km ² futhi nesomiso -. Kwehliswe izinkulungwane 11 km ^{2 ..} Ukugcwalisa echibini ngamanzi senzeka, sibonga emifuleni encane egeleza kuwo. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo - k. Chari (1400 km). Yena kuza ku echibini, ukwakha ebanzi esizalweni somfula engajulile.

Okwesithathu, iChibi iChad e-Afrika unsalted. Nakuba ngenxa yokuthi umzimba izungezwe yamanzi, futhi itholakala phakathi ehlane, kufanele kube anosawoti. Kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso. Lapho imifula echibini, amanzi okuphumula. Eduzane isikhungo, it has a usawoti ongaphakeme.

Ukujula sezwe

Leli chibi ayijulile. ukujula esijwayelekile - 1.5 -. 2 m Phakathi imvula futhi kukhulisa kwechibi ukujula esiphezulu, ukufinyelela amamitha 11 eduze ogwini echibini engajulile kakhulu .. Amanzi echibini has a umbala ezinodaka amnyama, kwezinye izindawo, yene kakhulu ulwelwe.

Chad ogwini exhaphozini, igcwele sebungu nezinye izimila tropical. Engxenyeni esempumalanga kwechibi kukhona eziqhingini ezincane ukuthi kuhlala ezithile zase-Afrika. Likuphi Lake Chad, imvula kancane, cishe 200-400 mm / ngonyaka.

Biota

Kodwa yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene ogwini of Chad lezimanga nge ukwehlukana kwayo. Izitshalo lapha ungathola izinhlobo ezahlukene papyrus ngomhlanga, abangaphezu kuka-1 ayizinkulungwane zinhlobo ezehlukene ulwelwe yinzuzo ngokuqondile imisebenzi yezomnotho kuyakuba umbono ethandwa - spirulina. echibini esinothile abamele nezilwane izinhlanzi. Ngo amanzi Chad wathola 179 nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingu. Kulaba ama-25 - kukhona umkhuba. Likuphi Lake Chad, eziningi izilwane ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu izinhlanzi ku ichibi, ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana izingwenya, izimvubu kanye nama-manatee. Eningizimu echibini, ku Savannah, ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana izindlulamithi, Buffaloes, amadube, antelopes, izindlovu, amabhubesi izimpisi. Ezinye izilwane uhlele emadlelweni eduze ogwini kwesigubhu.

Minerals kanye nenani abantu

Of usawoti amaminerali limbiwa lapha soda caustic. Futhi ngasekupheleni 70-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule kwatholakala Amasimu encane yamafutha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, lapho Lake Chad ngokwendawo. Kwakukhona njalo izimali eziningi.

Ichibi kusho lukhulu kwezomnotho ngokuba bendawo. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi abayiqongelelayo ulwelwe ewusizo - spirulina. Kukhona embonini yokudoba sasivumela athuthukiswe kahle.

Vakashela le ndawo kubo bonke izivakashi abanentshisekelo izindawo ebabazekayo. Lake Chad umane enchants kwenkundla yayo.