Izintaba Suntar-Hayata: indawo, inqwaba yezinto zemvelo

I expanses enkulukazi indawo esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga yeRussia, phakathi Yakutia kanye eKhabarovsk Territory, welula yokhalo Suntar-Hayata. Ezifihlwe ntshonalanga Verkhoyansk Range kanye enyakatho-mpumalanga - ridge Cherskogo, kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka Lahlala elinganqobeki futhi nhlobo. Igama Suntar-Hayata kusho "izintaba Suntar". ezinganekwaneni Local ukutshela we shaman enamandla Suntar, possessed azani omkhulu, kodwa akazange ihluke onesimo emnene. Akekho owayefuna ngisho engaqondile ncisheka incur ankahlu wakhe. Abantu wayengafuni ziphazamisa senkosikazi e dominions wakhe.

izinhlobonhlobo zokuthembela ezeni oMdala esidlule. Nokho, kuze kube yilolu suku ezintabeni ezikude futhi ezingafinyeleleki eziningi izimfihlo kanye izimfihlakalo. Baye bakhangwa zokwakheka komhlaba, bezintaba, uma uhamba ngezinyawo, bezithombe nezesayenzi. Akekho noyedwa kubo anibuyelanga udumazeke.

umcebo eSiberia

Uma uya ku-Handygskoy onguthelawayeka, okuyinto uxhuma Yakutsk ukuba Magadan, ngokubona okubonakala ngeso lenyama ungabona ngokubabazekayo, iphakama iqhwa-eneziqongo Suntar-Hayata. Iphuzu esiphezulu ugema ifinyelela cishe 3000 metres. A ubude zokhahlamba ingamakhilomitha angu-450. By the way, iziqongo eziyinhloko kanye nokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa zitholakala endaweni eyibanga elingaphezudlwana 100 kusuka kakhulu lo mgwaqo. Futhi enye indlela engekho.

Nokho, kuyinto ibanga ukusuka ukuxhumana evamile futhi ngokuvamile ogcwele kakhulu izindlela yokuxhuma nomunye izindawo zezimboni, iye yasiza ukugcina acwebile landscape and umuzwa ubunye nemvelo. Kukhona namanje egeleza emifuleni ecacile, zazo akesabi baphuze, sikhule emahlathini asezintabeni, hhayi wayonakalisiwe ukugawula izindawo Bald kukhona bendawo ezingavamile wahlanganyela reindeer ukunakekela.

Yakutia naseKhabarovsk Territory, futhi lokhu kufana ncimishí iphi Suntar-Hayata, ecebile namaminerali. Ngokuyinhloko lokhu nsimbi equkethe isiliva, ithusi, i-tungsten, ithini indium futhi bismuth. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esifundeni amumethe idiphozithi yanoma igolide namatshe ayigugu. Ukucinga nokuthuthukiswa imali enjalo, futhi wakhonza njengephayona yisandla sokuthuthukiswa esifundeni futhi ukufunda ezintabeni. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Umlando kokutholakala yokhalo

Ngangena 1639. Cossack Ivan Moskvitin nge ihlukane zabantu 39 sawela zokhahlamba, ifinyelela ogwini loLwandle Okhotsk futhi kubeka gumbi lapho. Kwakuwusuku isiphetho kuqala Russian ogwini Pacific. Inhloso bomkhankaso kwaba ukuqoqa uboya, ekufuneni emazweni amasha, futhi - okubaluleke - sokunquma yokuma entabeni Circolo, lapho okuthi, kwakukhona ezifakwa ocebile wesiliva emkhandweni wensimbi. Mount Cossack ayitholakalanga, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu manje kukhona yekucala ucwaningo olwengeziwe.

Kodwa ezintabeni ngokungathandi wavuma abangabazi. Flying iminyaka namashumi eminyaka, ihlelwe zonke uhambo entsha, kodwa indawo lapho ugema Suntar-Hayata, baqhubeka ukuhlala endaweni emhlophe phezu amashadi. Ngokokuqala ngqá endaweni sabhalwa ngo-1944 Airbrush sokudubula. Khona-ke sengithunyelwa kwelinye ucwaningo uhambo Geological eholwa V M. Zavadovskogo.

Umgomo oyinhloko walesi uhambo kwakungafanele namaminerali Suntar-Hayata. Ososayensi kwadingeka benze nebalazwe elinembile kwendawo futhi uchaze isimo sezwe ngokuningiliziwe. Noma kunjalo, ukubuya kwaphawulwa izindaba ezihlaba umxhwele: eziqongweni yokhalo imbozwe izinguzunga zeqhwa.

Lolu cwaningo kwezinguzunga zeqhwa okwakungokokuqala ngqá

Ngo 1881 ahlonishwe sokuma kanye sezulu A. I. Voeykov ubufakazi obungokwesayensi nakwenzeka khona kwezinguzunga zeqhwa okwakungokokuqala ngqá e-Eastern eSiberia. iziphetho yayo ayeyakhele lokuthi kule ndawo sincane kakhulu ebusika izinga lokushisa komoya, kodwa inani imvula yonyaka incane. Ngo-1938, emsebenzini wakhe "Kubaluleka Climatology" L. S. Berg asekelwe lokho kugomela.

Futhi manje, ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha kuphela, Zavodovsky uhambo kuletha ubufakazi bokuthi zamaqhwa khona. Ngemva komunye iminyaka emithathu I aqoqene ulwazi mayelana 208 izinguzunga zeqhwa ukumboza yokhalo Suntar-Hayata. Incazelo senziwe idatha eqoqwe ngosizo izithombe zasemoyeni. Le ndawo Imininingwane kwezinguzunga zeqhwa, ngokuvumelana zokwakheka komhlaba, zaba 201,6 amakhilomitha square. A isamba kufika ku-12 cubic amakhilomitha.

Kusukela amabalazwe babe ulwazi olungenaphutha ngemithi ezintabeni Suntar-Hayata. Izithombe abangu kuhlukaniswe futhi babika, wasiza nayiphi amapheshana eyinhloko ice, njengoba kungase kulindeleke, basuke bagxila amaphuzu eliphakeme: eziqongweni Mus-Khaya, beryllium, Vaskovsky, Obrucheva futhi Rakovski. Bonke babe ukuphakama ezingaphezu kuka 2700 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Omunye yeqhwa yaqanjwa Doctor Soviet of Sciences Geographical, vnosshego umnikelo omkhulu geomorphology kazwelonke zesifunda kanye geography ngokomzimba. It - Glacier Solovyov. Suntar-Hayata - Ibanga e Yakutia, lapho elondoloza inkumbulo ososayensi Russian. Kodwa ziningi, nama-legends yabo.

Legend umgcini ezintabeni

Hhayi njalo embozwe legends nengwenya kakhulu futhi iziqongo eziphakeme kunazo. Phakathi yakut futhi Evenki yezinganekwane eziningi maye Alton. Lena phezulu sincane, ezinde at 1542 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle (ukuqhathanisa, Intaba Moose Shaya ifinyelela 2959 amamitha, okuyinto cishe ngokuphindwe kabili). Inganekwane ethile ithi e kakhulu inhliziyo entabeni kukhona ichibi magic. Maphakathi lokhu kwesigubhu emangalisayo komhlaba kuyinto sobukhosi ezibaziweyo kusukela ehlukahlukene yocezu olulodwa ubuhle emangalisayo laseJasper. Futhi esihlalweni sobukhosi wahlala ixhegu Alton - umnakekeli engemuva yomkhumbi zezintaba. amanzi Magic of echibini Uyomenza ukungafi. Lokhu amanzi angashintsha umuntu kusuka kunoma iyiphi isifo. Kodwa akukho ofayo alinge ukuba badlalele eduze Altona echibini. Futhi ukukhuphuka intaba, alinikwa kuwo wonke umuntu. Labelaphi omkhulu kuphela ukuxhumana ezweni lemimoya, uya khona ukulalela intando wawoyise.

Ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho izwe ngisesemncani, emahlathini babebaningi umdlalo kanye nemifula ezazigcwele inhlanzi, kwakuhlala indoda onesibindi abasha, Evenk. Ayemncane, eqinile, enhle futhi sihloniphana njengomkhaya endlini kayise. Umfana siye sazibonakalisa umzingeli ngokugqamile futhi kuphumelele. Akalokothi abaningi babuyela emkhayeni ngaphandle umlilo catch.

Ngelinye ilanga ngesikhathi abazingela insizwa wezwa nihlabelelela ibanga. Thanda emfudlaneni gurgled merrily, sengathi umoya kuhletshwa phansi sengathi ilanga uqobo wanika ekushiseni kwalo kule izwi emangalisayo. Umzingeli abasha, ukukhohlwa konke, walandela umsindo emangalisayo. Owayekhuluma kwakunguWilliam intombazane enhle, okuyinto hunter kwadingeka wathatheka kanye akubona. Indlela azizwa ngayo abangu naye wenza okufanayo, futhi ngokushesha abantu abasha ayeselungele umshado.

Kodwa ke amashwa kwenzeka. umzingeli Bathandekayo ogulayo futhi siqala ukubuna emehlweni akhe. Ayikho utshani, akukho zungu, akukho shaman rites ayikwazi ukugcina kwakhe. Ngenxa yokuphelelwa ithemba, umzingeli uphendukela ilungu endala wesizwe. Lase lithi ixhegu umtshela kanjani ukuya imilingo echibini ezintabeni umgcini. Uxwayisa kuye lesi simo siyingozi. Keeper Alton akakubekezeleli bangaphandle. a kuphela ngonyaka kabili, ngesikhathi ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku, ishiya sobukhosi nobusuku bakhe okhuphukela phezulu ezintabeni Suntar-Hayata.

Umzingeli abasha, okusheshayo, sengathi negogo entabeni futhi nganquma ngathi njengoba ingwe iqhwa, iya ku-uhambo. Eside noma esifushane uma iya, kodwa ekugcineni, kuziwa ezintabeni, kuyinto umnyango womhume, elinde ebusuku futhi lingena echibini ngoba ketshezi oluyigugu othandiweyo wakhe.

Kodwa le nsizwa ayikwazanga ukubaleka emehlweni Altona. Angry, ixhegu lakhipha rockfall ukuthi ivinjiwe emnyango womhume okuholela echibini, ukuze ayifundise abafayo badle amanzi alo. A abasha umzingeli unbending umnakekeli ezintabeni phakade wenza Squire wakhe.

Mount Alton

Namuhla Mount Alton ezijatshulelwa wendawo labantu ngehlazo. Abazingeli baye bame kwelokuthi ngisho nezilo zasendle abadlula entabeni engamili lutho. Budebuduze entabeni, flying phezu Suntar-Hayata, isikhundla ezindawo zazo isivele kahle esungulwe kwesikhathi ibhanoyi elinophephela emhlane liphahlazeka. Ukuwa wabulala abantu abathathu. Ezinye izivakashi futhi balahlekelwa ukuphila kwabo yokuphumula kwengaphansi yonyawo emithambekeni ecushiwe Altona. Konke lokhu kuphela ebhebhezela izinkolelo ezindala. Nokho, izibalo ezifana ngokuvamile kwezinye izindawo. Futhi nje kwaqondana ezilula ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngokujulile uyaqiniseka ngaphandle kwabo.

Isimo Sengqondo entabeni nasezindaweni ezizungezile kubonakala amagama. Eqinisweni, kukhona sangaleso idwala, othiwa umunwe zikaDeveli. Budebuduze unyawo indawo eyaziwa ngokuthi kaDeveli Amathuna. Kukhona amathambo ugcwele ezinyamazane, badlula futhi bleached ngesikhathi. Kubonakala sengathi izilwane ithunyelwa lapha, lapho benomuzwa wokuthi kusondela ukufa.

umunwe kaDeveli ngaphansi kwesigaba mpo emthambekeni yokungena ebonakalayo emhumeni. Ngokusho ezinganekwaneni, lapho engaluthola khona, uqala Umhubhe eside, esemgwaqweni ekupheleni echibini ephulukisa amanzi. Kodwa ukuze uthole emhumeni kungenzeka kuphela izinto ezikhethekile zokuqwala intaba. Nakuba echibini okuyisimangaliso Angitholanga, kodwa wathola Awukude Mount Wolf emfudlaneni kanye Hitters ezimbalwa ngaphansi izihluthulelo umhlaba. Amanzi, Yiqiniso, akukho magic, kodwa nakanjani ephulukisa. Nge indawo yokugeza umzimba njalo namaminerali leached okusekujuleni Suntar-Hayata, ukusiza ukwelapha izifo eziningi isikhumba ngisho ukuqeda ubuhlungu emathanjeni.

Indima emifuleni impumuzo Suntar-Hayata

Ridge Suntar-Hayata kuyinto nakangaka Chevy Indigirka futhi Aldan. Kule ndawo, emifuleni eminingi amahle egeleza. Yakhula kakhulu emfuleni uhlelo e Indigirka nemingenela. Ngo wakhe ukuwa Kongor emfuleni Agayakan, Suntar, Azeykan futhi Kuydusun. I eqoqwe amanzi tyry Aldan, Eastern Khandyga futhi Yudoma. A Ukuzingela, Delkyu Okhotsk, Ulbeya, Urak, Kukhtui futhi Ketanda iyangena oLwandle Okhotsk.

Ukuba khona imifula eminingi ngakho akakwazanga kubonakale ukwakheka impumuzo. Imifula usike udabule emihosheni ejulile emhlabeni emgogodleni abasha. Uma ubheka emkhathini kule ndawo ifana giant omkhulu, ngasizathu simbe, entabeni ngayinyomfoza ngayiphosa like ephepheni. A ingqapheli eliwumhlaba ungakwazi ukujabulela ukubukwa ebabazekayo yamanzi yamahhashi ngokusebenzisa zigodi ephukile rip off kusuka ukuphakama izimpophoma esinomsindo anombala ocwazimulayo.

Nokho, ubuhle enjalo bheka kuthiwa okhethiweyo ambalwa. Ngoba ukwazi ukunqoba lezo zingqinamba emifuleni akulula. Ukuwela ngokusebenzisa wabo zigcwele izingozi eziningi. Phakathi okusheshayo, njalo Shiver (izigaba engajulile nge ngezikhathi ehlakazekile phansi ezinkulu) kanye imiqulu (engajulile, ngesimo umgodi nge izingxenye ngezansi okuxekethile) izinkinga sina lo msebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lamanzi emifuleni ngokuvamile liyashintshashintsha ngokucijile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezidla hhayi kuphela kwezulu, kodwa futhi ngenxa ukuncibilika kweqhwa sheet tarynov (egqinsiwe ice zilimaze esigodini ebusika).

echibini Labyngkyr

Ezindaweni lapho Suntar-Khayat, eziningi amachibi. Ngokuvamile Abasikweleta imvelaphi yabo izinguzunga zeqhwa. Ngo iningi ke - emachibini amancane, ebiyelwe luhlaka we scree. A ngaphandle ezimnandi kulesi sici kuyinto echibini Labyngkyr. Climbing kumuntu ukuphakama ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle, it is ukusakaza amakhilomitha angaphezu kwangu-14 ubude futhi ezine amakhilomitha ububanzi. ukujula layo nalo eside - ngezinye izikhathi ifinyelela 53 amamitha. Amanzi ngokumangalisayo ahlanzekile. Engxenyeni esenyakatho ye obala amanzi - engaba yishumi amamitha.

Leli chibi amumethe izinhlanzi - Grayling, Pike, Sipho, ixhaphozi, trout, whitefish, Dolly Varden nabanye. Izinhlanzi ngobukhulu - burbot. Kodwa ukudoba lapha hhayi kakhulu athuthukile. Kukholakala ukuthi eminyakeni emibili ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka kwenziwa echibini badoba ayisithupha kuphela khilogremu zezinhlanzi. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Indawo lapha ezingafinyeleleki ebusika wenze lapha off imikhawulo. Phela, endaweni lapho kukhona ichibi Labyngkyr, lo enomoya ukuthi aseNyakatho Nenkabazwe.

Amanzi e Labyngkyre njalo abandayo. Ngisho nasezimweni ezikhululekile kungenzeka ezishisa isizini ihlobo, izinga lokushisa aliphumi ngenhla ezingeni lamadigri ayisishiyagalolunye. Kuyamangaza ukuthi leli chibi zilimaze kamuva kakhulu kunabanye. Nakuba namachibi angomakhelwane ngomoya ophansi ukukhwela iloli, Labyngkyr ngokulambisa embozwe uqweqwe elisogwini ice. Ngisho e yesithwathwa ezinzima shestidesyatigradusnye hamba kule emanzini kuyingozi. Umshini kungenzeka nganoma isiphi isikhathi ngokuzumayo behluleka uhambe ngaphansi kwamanzi.

Flora Suntar-Hayata

izimila Abangefani ngasekupheleni umbala ehlobo e sonke isiFunda, nichichima imibala ngendlela emangalisayo Suntar-Hayata. Igolide, onsomi, itherkhoyisi, oluhlaza futhi orange ububanzi - konke lokhu ngokumelene okwenza we ngokubabazekayo amnyama eziqongweni nge ofeleba ezimhlophe, ukuphasa yini ngesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza, ukudala isithombe kumnandi.

flora Sheer uzwakalise ngokucacile nokuklanywa thwi. Kusukela 2000 metres uphinde uthele kancane ngaphezu ehlane okusezingeni eliphezulu iqala. Akukho ezikhulayo noma yini. Intaba emathafeni Itholakala isikhawu kusuka ngamamitha 1400 kuya ku-2000 ngaphezu kolwandle. On the imingcele eyayibaluleke aphethwe kuphela wona, ulele ukuze umsoco kula moraines lasendulo (inzika zanqwabelana ngu izinguzunga zeqhwa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwemithambeka uqale timidly avele ezingavamile iziqhingi alpine poppy, Rhododendrons segolide ezingavamile efanele willow yemifino.

Okwengeziwe ngenzansi, has a okuqhubekayo strip izenzo ezinwabuzelayo yemisedari. Evuka ngesibindi ngaphezu komhlabathi imitha nengxenye. Phakathi birch yemifino Middendorf ezizithela futhi larch Dahurian. Kodwa emithambekeni ephansi la masimu, esukela cishe ngo-1500 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle, embozwe lezihlahla ihlathi yangempela.

nezilwane

Ehlathini nezilwane kuba ezilapho. Kukhona kuhlale amaphiva kanye nemihlambi reindeer zasendle. Suntar-Hayata Ukhahlamba kugxilwa endaweni wezimvu ezingavamile bighorn. Kuyinto zezinyoni ezingavamile ne izindawo ensimini ekhishwe inyumbazane. Ngalesi sikhathi, imvu bighorn ingaphansi lokuvikelwa ukulondolozwa izilwane ezingavamile.

Emahlathini ngisho edwaleni nokusakazwa okusezingeni eliphezulu emathafeni ase-uhlalwe onogwaja ezinkulu grey nonogwaja. Esikhathini sezintaba nasemathafeni amahlathi lezihlahla Uyi obomvu yisiphephelo futhi izingwejeje abamnyama, izingwejeje ezindizayo ngamandla. chipmunks Ubiquitous sihamba phezu ehlathini. umnyango Landelayo kubo wahlala uhlobo sasivumela ezingavamile zaseKamchatka marmot. Itholakala Ngobuningi sabantu endaweni squirrel (US Long-tailed ehlala emgodini).

Suntar-Hayat njengoba isayithi izivakashi

Suntar-Hayata Ukhahlamba izivakashi, uma uhamba ngezinyawo. Lapha kungenzeka ukuba abeke izintaba, Ukushushuluza namanzi imizila nobunzima ezahlukene. Peaks sise ibanga elikhulu kusukela maphakathi nezindawo okuhlalwa kuzo kanye nanoma yimuphi Railways egandayiwe. Lokhu isici inomphumela omubi ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezokuvakasha. Nokho, kuvumela ukulondoloza Luhambo eyinhloko kule ndawo - acwebile kwayo okungaphazanyisiwe.

imizila Kuvuleke, abahambi baqonde ukuthi umkhankaso izobanjelwa okuzimela ephelele. Lokhu kunezela romance futhi ukuzijabulisa. Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu imizila zenzelwe ukuze ukugibela phezu kuhlelwa, kanti ukuthatha uhambo olubuyela emuva nje okufanele sinqotshwe, Rafting phezu kwemifula. Ngokuvamile ngalinye lala masonto uhambo Ithatha izinyanga ezimbalwa. Zidinga ukulungiselela sina nokuhlela kahle. Kukhona ukuthi kungenzeka leqembu hambo, eholwa iziqondiso abanolwazi. Ngokuvamile emikhankasweni enjalo ayesebenzisa amahhashi, okuyinto lithwale imithwalo siqu kanye nemishini jikelele ekamu bivouac.