Ivan Vi - a uMbusi elaziwayo elincane Russian

ERussia, ngokushesha ngemva kokufa uPeter Omkhulu waqala esigabeni ukuthi izazi-mlando eziye ngokuthi "kwenkathi isisebenzi yesikhashana." Yena wawuqala 1725 kuya 1741.

Russian sobukhosi

Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho muntu owayekwazi ukuze uzohlala emandleni phakathi amalungu ke ngohlu lozalo lwasebukhosini. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi kwaba ezandleni inkantolo izicukuthwane - "Izintandokazi" noma okungahleliwe izintandokazi ababusi. Futhi ngenkathi e-Russia ebekwa ephethwe indlalifa, kodwa yonke imibuzo isixazululekile abantu abangenalwazi baba wahlala esihlalweni sakhe sobukhosi. Ngenxa yalokho ubutha ezingahlangani lihlobanisa uPetru amandla ukuba nomunye kukhona Ekaterina mina (Alexeyevna) ke uPetru II, ngemva kwalokho sobukhosi enyukela Anna futhi ekugcineni Ivan 6.

biography

Lo mbusi engekho Russian kwadingeka cishe akukho amalungelo sobukhosi. Ivan V kwaba nje umzukulu. Wazalelwa ehlobo lika-1740 ioann Antonovich kwezinyanga ezimbili nje Manifesto ubudala Anny Ioannovny owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi umbusi. ibamba lakhe kuze iningi kwaba uMbusi Kurlyandskiy Biron.

Unina Anna Leopoldovna - umzukulu ngingowokuqala Catherine - kwaba nomshana ozithandayo Anny Ioannovny. Lokhu blonde ezimnandi kuhle waba umlingisi nabanomusa, umnene, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo yakhombisa ubuvila, nokubiza ababuthakathaka sengingene. Ngemuva kokuwa Biron - intandokazi anti wakhe, ukuthi ezamenyezelwa umbusi waseRussia. Leli qiniso labonakala okokuqala yamukelwa abantu ngozwela, kodwa ngokushesha leli qiniso waba ukulahlwa imbangela phakathi abantu abavamile futhi into yomntakabani. Isizathu esiyinhloko lesi simo sengqondo akubanga ukuthi uhulumeni okuthunyelwe ukhiye zaziseza izandla yama-Jalimane, owafika amandla phakathi nokubusa Anny Ioannovny. Ngokusho intando yokugcina, wathola isihlalo sobukhosi Russian uMbusi u-Ivan VI, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-ukufa kwakhe - by ubukhulu Anna Leopoldovna nezinye izindlalifa.

Yena luqobo azange abe ngisho nolwazi oluyisisekelo lokuthi indlela ukusebenzisa isimo, hireyuschim ngaphezulu izandla angaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wawuyinqaba isiko Russian. Izazi-mlando nazo ziye zaphawula nandaba kwalo ukuhlupheka futhi ukukhathazeka kwabantu abavamile.

Phakathi nokubusa Ivan VI

Awujabuli ukubusa amandla German ezicukuthwaneni babeqoqana emhlabeni inkosazana Elizabeth. Futhi abantu, futhi unogada bacabanga ukuthi umkhululi wakhe ezivela kwamanye ukulawula isimo. Kancane kancane waqala ukuvuthwa icebo umbusi futhi Yiqiniso, ingane yakhe. Ngaleso sikhathi, uMbusi u-Ivan Vi Antonovich esewusana oneminyaka futhi kuncane okwaziwayo ngaso e izingobe enkantolo.

Umfutho kwavukelwa kwabozungu mlando shayela isinqumo Anna Leopoldovna ukumemezela yena iNdlovukazi Russian. Ngo-December 9, 1741 imihlangano emcimbini kwakuhlelwe. Ukunquma ukuthi ukubambezeleka ayisekho, Elizaveta Petrovna neqembu onogada bakhe abathembekile ngobusuku buka-Nqabayokulinda ka-November 25 emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kwaleso senzakalo wangena esigodlweni. Waboshwa wonke umkhaya Brunswick: uMbusi kancane Ivan Vi, Anna Leopoldovna nomyeni wakhe. Ngakho, ingane esifanele eside: kusukela 1740 kuya 1741.

ukwahlukanisa

Umndeni umbusi wangaphambili, kuhlanganise wagudluzwa John VI nabazali bakhe, Elizaveta Petrovna wathembisa inkululeko kanye nohambo unimpeded phesheya. Ekuqaleni, bathunyelwa Riga, kodwa kukhona waboshwa. Ngemva kwalokho, u-Anna Leopoldovna wasola njengombusi oyisehluleki, wayezothola ukuthumela Elizaveta Petrovna ababegqunywe ngamaNazi ephathelene nokuphatha izindela. Little uMbusi nabazali yakhe emthumile ukuba Schlisselburg inqaba, ngemva kwalokho babelwa ensimini ka esifundazweni Voronezh, bese - ku Kholmogory. Lapha, inkosi wangaphambili, ngubani esikhathini sakhe imithombo ezisemthethweni ukubizwa ngokuthi uJohane VI, kwaba awavikelekile neze futhi igcinwe azehlukanise nezingokwenyama zomkhaya wakhe.

"Isiboshwa adumile"

Ngo 1756, u-Ivan Vi uthuthwa kusukela Kholmogory futhi emuva Schlisselburg inqaba. Elapho wafakwa egumbini elihlukile. Esikhathini inqaba kombusi bangaphambili abababiza ngokusemthethweni 'isiboshwa adumile. " Yena ibanjelwe incommunicado, yayingenalo ilungelo lokuthola ukubona ubani. Lokhu kwakuyiqiniso ngisho nangaphandle izikhonzi ejele. Izazi-mlando zithi isikhathi sayo, ayikwazanga ukubona yimiphi bomuntu, nakuba kukhona imibhalo ebonisa ukuthi "isiboshwa esasinedumela elibi," wayezazi Uzalo wayo wobukhosi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Ivan VI, abaqeqeshiwe okungacaci ngubani ukufunda nokubhala, kodwa sonke lesi sikhathi waphupha yesigodlo. Kusukela 1759, isiboshwa ngezibonakaliso yokungafaneleki babonakala. Lokhu wagomela ngekutetsemba Umbusikazi uCatherine II, owahlangabeza nge nguJohane 1762-m. Nokho, onogada wacabanga ukuthi umbusi wangaphambili uzenza.

sekushoneni

Nakuba Ivan Vi waboshwa, imizamo eminingi kuye kwenziwa ukumkhulula kabusha yimani niqonde sobukhosi. Owokugcina kubo waphendukela ukufa siboshwa osemusha. Lapho, ngo-1764, kakade ngesikhathi sokubusa uCatherine II, uLieutenant Mirovich, isikhulu ku bagade Shlisselburg Fortress wakwazi ukunqoba phezu ingxenye enkulu ikhanda kwaba omunye umzamo ukukhulula u-Ivan.

Nokho, onogada - ukaputeni webutho lezempi Vlasiev Chekin - kwadingeka imiyalelo imfihlo ngokushesha ukubulala kwesiboshwa, nalapho sebefike kuye. Ngisho esinqumweni iNdlovukazi ayikwazanga ukukhansela oda, ngakho ekuphenduleni izimfuno nokhahlo Mirovich umaluju futhi babanike "isiboshwa esasinedumela elibi," Base begwaza naye kuqala, bese kuphela give up. Indawo lapho wangcwatshwa Ivan VI, hhayi indlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile. Kukholakala ukuthi lo mbusi wangaphambili wangcwatshwa endaweni efanayo - e Schlisselburg inqaba.

Yaphela kanjalo-ke ukuphila noyedwa kubabusi ngeshwa kakhulu Russian - Ivan Antonovich, ogama lakhe lalingu-noJohane mlando. Njengoba ukufa kwakhe yaphela umlando egatsheni bobukhosi, okuyinto wayeyinhloko Ivan V Alekseevich, futhi ongenalo siyekele yiluphi uhlobo inkumbulo, noma izenzo ekhazimulayo.