Isizathu sokuba nesizungu kumazwi kaLermontov's. Isihloko sesizungu emazwini kaMnu. Lermontov

Isizathu sokuba nesizungu emahlakalweni kaLermontov sithinta yonke imisebenzi. Okokuqala, lokhu kungenxa ye-biography yombongi, okwashiya uphawu ekubukeni kwakhe kwezwe. Ulahlekelwe ngumama wakhe ekuqaleni, ubuhlobo bakhe noyise abuphumelelanga. Umuntu oyedwa kuphela owayengumkhulu - u-Elizaveta Arsenyeva, owayengathandi umphefumulo eMisha omncane . Kakade esemncane uLermontov wabona ukuthi uhlukile kwabanye. Kuyo yonke impilo yakhe emfushane umlobi wayenesizungu. Isisusa sokuba nesizungu ku-M.Yu. ULermontov akuyona nje indaba yomsebenzi wakhe, kodwa futhi isimo somphefumulo.

"Umbongi wenkathi ehluke ngokuphelele"

Ngakho wabizwa ngokuthi imbongi uBelinsky, eqhathaniswa no-A.S. I-Pushkin. Kakade ekuqaleni kwezingoma zikaLermontov kubonakala sengathi yizizathu zokuhola zomsebenzi wakhe: ukhetho lwezinkondlo, olubandakanya ukuhlala kwedwa. Kodwa uyaqaphela ukuthi akakwazi ukushintsha lutho, ngakho-ke uthatha uhlobo lokuthunjwa ngokuzithandela. "Ngivame ukuba nesizungu," uyavuma i-heroic hero, efana noLermontov ngokwakhe.

Uhlamvu lomlobi lwathonywe yisikhathi ahlala ngaso futhi esebenza. Impi noNapoleon, ukuvukela kukaDemembrist - lezi zenzakalo zafakwa ememori hhayi kuphela kuLermontov, kodwa kubo bonke abaphila nabo. Ngakho-ke, enkondlweni ethi "Duma" imbongi ufika esiphethweni sokuthi imizwelo engathembeki iyisici esizukulwaneni sonke. Iqhawe elinomculo likhathele, lizungezwe isixuku, kodwa umuntu onesizungu. Ukhathazekile ngokungahambi kahle, ukunganaki kwabantu empilweni yomphakathi.

Isisusa sokuba nesizungu ku-M.Yu. I-Lermontov (impahla "I-Sail")

Umlobi owaziwa ngokuthi "Umkhumbi" wase-Afrika wabhala ngo-17. Inhlabathi kuye kwaba nakho okwenzeka kuLermontov osemncane. Ngenxa yokungqubuzana noprofesa, imbongi kwakufanele ilahle iNyuvesi yaseMoscow futhi, ngokuphoqeleka kukagogo, ukuba ihambele eSt. Petersburg ukuze ingene esikoleni sejunker. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwembongi ngekusasa kwakha isisekelo senkondlo. Izithombe zezilwandle, iziphepho, izikebhe zihambisana nezisusa zokulila nesizungu kumazwi kaLermontov's, ikakhulukazi emisebenzini yokuqala. Iqhawe elinamazwi lingachazwa ngokuthi lihlubukile futhi linesizungu. Lona kanye imbongi ngokwakhe, owayekade "efuna iziphepho" konke ukuphila kwakhe.

Ngedwa esixukwini

U-Lermontov onengqondo futhi efundisiwe kwakunzima ukuguqula nabantu. Ukungaqiniseki kwakhe kwabanye, wabona njengengane. Ngokusho kwemibono yabantu besikhathi sakhe, wayeyindoda eqondile, eyabangela ukufihlakele, ngakho wayevame ukungathandwa ngisho nokuzondwa. ULermontov wahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuqonda.

Ngakho-ke, enkondlweni "Yeka kaningi kangakanani, ehambele isixuku se-motley ..." udweba umphakathi wabantu abahlukumezekile abangenakufudumala komuntu. Isixuku esingamanga, esinqunyiwe sicindezela i-lyric hero, siyaqaphela ukuthi ayilona lapha. Ngesineke udweba umfanekiso wesithandwa sakhe. Ngeshwa, uyaqaphela ukuthi lokhu kuyikho amanga, kepha useyedwa.

Isizathu sokuba nesizungu emazwini kaLermontov sisebenza nasemsebenzini "Ngiyahamba ngedwa emgwaqeni ...", okuyinto abhala izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Kulo, imbongi ifilosofi ngokuphila kwakhe, ibonisa ukufa. "Silinde ukuthini? / Ngiyadabuka ngalokho? "- Ubiza i-heroic lyrical. Uphupho lokulala kahle ngaphansi kwesihlahla sama-oki, ujabulela ukuhlabelela othandekayo wakhe.

Ukufa kwakhe okudabukisayo kubuye kubonwe enkondlweni ethi "Umprofethi", ebhalwe amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. ULermontov akasishiyi umuzwa wokudabuka, ugcwele ithemba, akakholelwa ekutholeni inzalo, ukubaluleka komsebenzi wakhe. Uziqhathanisa nomprofethi, oshushiswayo nokungaqondi abanye.

Uthando oluthandwayo, oluboniswa ngamazwi omlobi

Kuyaziwa ukuthi uLermontov wayengenasondo othandweni. Isithandwa esiqine kakhulu senkondlo, isithombe esaphila ukuba siphile emakhasini emisebenzi nasemigqeni yenkondlo, - okuthakazelisayo Varenka Lopukhina - waba ngumfokazi kuye. Ubuhlobo obuyinkimbinkimbi buxhumene nabo kuze kube sekufeni kwembongi, izindaba ezagcina zaphula i-Varvara. Wasinda othandekayo iminyaka eyishumi kuphela. Kwakuyizici zikaLolukhin ayezifuna kwabanye besifazane.

Enye imininingwana yombongi - u-Ekaterina Sushkova - kuphela odlala imizwa yakhe, kodwa njengoNatalia Ivanova, owayemkhaphela. Akumangalisi ukuthi isihloko sesizungu kunamazwi kaMnu. I-Lermontov ibonakala ngokucacile emilonyeni yothando.

"Siphundukile ngengozi" - umsebenzi wokuqala, u-Varenka Lopukhina. Sekusekuseni isisusa sokuhlukana, ukungenakwenzeka kwenjabulo nokuthandana komunye nomsindo. Enkondlweni ethi "Umphenyi" isisusa sokuba nesizungu emahlakalweni kaLermontov kubangelwa imizwa ehlukene. Lo msebenzi wabhalwa ngo-1830 futhi uhambelana nomsebenzi wokuqala wembongi. Enkondlweni, uLermontov uqhathanisa nalowo ocelayo, othi, esikhundleni sokucela, ubeka amatshe esandleni sakhe. Lokho kwakuyibudlelwane bomlobi no-Ekaterina Sushkova, owakhiwa isisekelo somsebenzi.

Umjikelezo wezinkondlo ezinikezelwe uNatasha Ivanova - umlando wothando olungenakuqhathaniswa nokudumazeka okubuhlungu. "Angifanele, mhlawumbe / ngothando lwakho," umlobi ubhekisela kuye. "Cha, angikuthandi kakhulu kangaka ..." - wabhala imbongi ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe. Ubani lo mbongo ozinikezele, awusungulwe ngokugcwele.

Unesizungu noma inkululeko?

Izizathu zokuzungulelwa, ukulangazelela inkululeko kumlobi wezingoma uMnu. Yu Lermontov - enkabeni yenkondlo ethi "Amafu." Lalotshwa ngo-1840, ngehora lesibini lokuthunjwa kwembongi waseCaucasus. Izithombe zamafu, amagagasi namafu zifanekisela inkululeko, okuyinto hero ephetheyo ayinakho. Uziqhathanisa namafu, ngokuzibiza ngokuthi "abadingisiwe." Inkululeko kanye nesizungu emsebenzini wombongi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle komunye nomunye. Ngakho-ke, enkondlweni ethi "Isifiso" leli hero lifuna inkululeko yesikhashana, futhi "Prisoner" uba umgomo kuphela.

"Enyakatho, isihlahla sodwa ..."

ULermontov akazange ahumushe, kodwa ebusika ngo-1841, ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, wenza izinguqulo eziningana zenkondlo yesibongozi saseJalimane uHeinrich Heine, owangena emjikelezweni weLyrical. Lo msebenzi waziwa ngokuthi "Enyakatho, insimu yedwa ...". Kulo, isisusa sokuba nesizungu emazwini kaLermontov sicacile. Siyazi ukuthi ngenxa yesimiso esingenakulinganiswa senkondlo abazange bayayiqonda futhi abazange bayamukele. Futhi wayefuna ukufudumala okukhulu, ukusekelwa komuntu othandekayo.

Isithombe se-pine ekhulayo enyakatho ekude imelela imicabango kanye nemizwelo kaLermontov ngokwakhe. Esihlahleni esisodwa umlobi wazibonela ngokwakhe. Kodwa-ke, akazange alahlekelwe ithemba lokuhlangana nomngane wangempela - enkondlweni yakhe umdwebo wakhe wawungumuthi wesundu okhulayo eningizimu futhi unesizungu njengepineyini.

Esikhundleni sokuphetha

Isihloko sesizungu emazwini kaMnu. ULermontov weza ukubuyisela izinkondlo zokukhanya ze-AS. I-Pushkin. Isimbongi sasihlukumeza konke ukuphila kwakhe nezwe elizungezile futhi sabhekana ngokujulile ngenxa yokuthi wayengaqondakali. Imizwa yengqondo ibonakala emsebenzini wakhe, igcwele usizi nokudabuka.

Uthando lukaPushkin luyinto ekhanyayo, ekhuthazayo, futhi eLermontov ayihlukaniswa nokudabuka nobuhlungu. Ngakho, umlobi nomgxeka uDmitry Merezhkovsky wabiza u-Alexander Sergeevich emini, noMikhail Yuryevich - ubusuku bokukhanya kwezinkondlo zethu.

Imicabango nemibono kaLermontov yayingumusha futhi engaqondakali eRussia, ngakho kwakunzima ngaye ukuthola abantu abanomqondo ofanayo. Wathunyelwa ekuthunjweni kabili, izinkondlo zazibhekene nokucindezeleka okukhulu. Kodwa, naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, imbongi yalwa, yaveza imizwa yakhe kanye nemicabango yayo ngqo, kuyilapho ifuna ukuzibophezela ngesizungu.