Inkampani nefilosofi - Iyini?

Ukubheka ifilosofi umphakathi awukwazi kwehlukaniswa nefilosofi yabantu, nakuba abutholakali uqobo kule indaba ephathwayo. Ngasiphi komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane, umphakathi - uyinto eyinkimbinkimbi, inhlangano enezici kokuba ezihlukahlukene, nokwelukiweyo nomunye ukuxhumana, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo zobuhlobo babantu. umphakathi ukuphila abutholakali kuphela ukuphila kwabantu okuqondene ke. ngobuhlakani nomphakathi yakha amagugu ahlukahlukene ezingokomoya nezingokwenyama, ezingalotshwanga adalwe ngabanye. Ngokwesibonelo, ubuchwepheshe kanye art, zonke izinhlobo izikhungo, iSayensi namaLimi, umthetho, ukuziphatha kanye nezombusazwe, ifilosofi ekugcineni ... Kuyinto interweaving eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi engqubuzanayo nezenzo zomuntu, imiphumela kanye nobudlelwane ziyingxenye ebalulekile yomphakathi baliklasi lonkhe umzimba.

definition zefilosofi

Into ezithakazelisayo wukuthi umphakathi njengoba nefilosofi - kuba umqondo abstract. Kuyinto luyingxenye theory. Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo ezithile kakhulu imiphakathi kanye izimpande ezahlukene zomlando kanye namafomu: izizwe zasendulo, izinduna, amakhosi ohlanga Asiatic, njll Uma kuziwa inhlangano ethile kubantu, kufanele ngempela kube uphawu lwe-izici esisemthethweni leli qembu ... Wonke umuntu uyazi into efana "umndeni -. Iyunithi cell ongcono" Kukhona futhi ezihlukahlukene kwezenhlalo, ubudala, izinhlangano yobuhlanga zabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqondo wegama elithi "umphakathi" ifilosofi - lokhu ukuhlonza nesimo. Nokho-ke uqhathaniswa umqondo global "umphakathi jikelele."

Ifilosofi ukwazi kwansuku

Uma nje umuntu angenakho cabanga yokuthi ngomphakathi onjalo, kubonakala sengathi lo mqondo ngoba kuye Kuyaziwa. Ngo kwansuku ukucabanga umphakathi - nxazonke abantu esizihlanganisa ukuxhumana futhi labo kukude nathi, kodwa futhi amalungu umphakathi efanayo. On onjani emphakathini esiphila kuwo, incike izinga ezimpilweni zethu. Umphakathi wanamuhla ifilosofi - umqondo ukuthi sekukhona mayelana XVII-XVIII eminyaka sibonga ekuthuthukiseni isiko European. Kodwa okushiwo etymological emphakathini ngezilimi kakhulu - yigama ephawula muntu elahliwe futhi abanye iqoqo abantu united.

izinhlobo umphakathi

Umphakathi wanamuhla has izigaba ezimbili kumiswa: ezimbonini kanye postindustrial. Kakade ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII, umbono womphakathi, ezazihlanganisa amasiko, imikhuba, kubo bonke abantu. самодеятельностью, самоуправлением населения, участием в политической жизни простых людей . Kukholakala ukuthi umphakathi ezifana akuyona iqondiswe ngumbuso, kanye ezahlukene amateur, labantu ukuzibusa iqhaza ekuphileni zezombusazwe zabantu abavamile.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi nakuba abantu abavamile awacatshangwa amalungu umphakathi. Ngakho-ke, uma silinganisa, ngesikhathi, emphakathini njengesakhamuzi esihlelekile nefilosofi - kuba Izicukuthwane obubusa izandla abangu bagxila ngamandla nangengcebo. Namuhla, ingxenye engezansi umphakathi ngokuthi Elingenhla Khanyisa, i elite.

amasiko

Okuningi kaPlato no-Aristotle lalihlukene umphakathi njengengxenye isimo, kuhlanganise kuphela izakhamuzi khulula. Izigqila kwakungafanele athethwe ngamalungu ayo. Kodwa ngisho endulo, umphakathi bekulokhu eziyivelakancane. Ngemva French Revolution kwashintsha nezombangazwe zaseYurophu, kanye umqondo welithi "umphakathi" lisetshenziswa ngomqondo ebanzi. Manje sekuwumkhuba kutati ukubonakalisa abantu nesifiso sabo ukuze bahlanganyele kwezombusazwe kanye nezimpilo zabantu abavamile, iningi labantu.

Iyini indima wefilosofi emphakathini uhlelo ulwazi

Njengoba isayensi, ifilosofi kuye igxile njalo okwakwaziwa ososayensi emhlabeni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ke uwukubonakaliswa esiphezulu izithakazelo amakilasi ethile futhi imikhakha yomphakathi. Lokhu isayensi, njengoba lonke uhlelo imibono mayelana nezwe, kuhlanganisa imfundiso nezombangazwe imiphakathi ekilasini. Ngenxa anda ngxabano izindawo phakathi nefilosofi ngabanye. Njengoba indima nefilosofi emphakathini kuthinte nemibono yayo, it kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokufunda ohlelweni yolwazi e wezifundo zezombusazwe.

Ingxenye enkulu ulwazi yefilosofi sobuhle bayo. Ukudala umbono zefilosofi zezwe, abadali yayo kufanele sinikezwe umuzwa muhle futhi ube nobunye. isayensi zefilosofi ihlobene ubuciko, njengoba kufakazelwa umsebenzi Camus, Roerich, Čiurlionis, Tagore, Goethe nezinye abalobi.

Inqubo wokudlulisela lo mqondo 'umphakathi'

indlela Ngiphephile eside futhi impikiswano kumiswa lwesintu isidlulile ngaphambi beka emphakathini wanamuhla. Philosophy bezilokhu igxile ekutadisheni imithetho khona kanye ukuhlonza izindlela yokulawulwa kwezimboni ubudlelwane emphakathini. Inqubo ukwakha umqondo wegama elithi "umphakathi" bekulokhu eside, impikiswano futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kusekhona ezinye emazweni lapho abesifazane abanayo ilungelo lokuvota. Kukhona isimo lapho kwenkululeko wonke umphakathi ezifuywa labantu.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kubhekwa ngekhulu XVIII phesheya, ukushintsha isiqondiso ezomnotho eYurophu. Lokhu kungenxa izinguquko kwezezimboni, nini esikhundleni workshop lo mkhaya waya umkhakha emikhulu nge izisebenzi. KwamaDorobha nekwakhiwa kwetimboni wavele emphakathini wanamuhla. Philosophy of isayensi, futhi, akazange yama yayisimemeza ekwandeni ngokushesha kwesizwe.

Nenkululeko yezakhamizi zakuleliya nemfundo yabo ngokushesha waqala ukwanda. Umnotho kuye kwasiza abaningi abanenkinga yokuthola izinyawo zabo. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ngayo ekusakazekeni kwezindaba welithi "ungubani" izigebengu nezakhamuzi nje, ngubani kuze kube muva nje awuzange zicatshangelwe amalungu agcwele umphakathi. законом . Ngaqala indlela entsha umphakathi - intando yeningi, esekelwe ukulingana zonke phambi komthetho. I Flagship kwezimboni eYurophu usebenze njengomahluleli England wanika amahlumela yezimboni, ibhizinisi khulula, kanye nomthetho omusha.

Izimo zokuphila, imvelo kanye nomphakathi

Philosophy njengoba i-social science isifundo esiphathelene indoda kanye nemvelo yakhe, lapho imvelo kanye nokukhathazeka kwabo. Ngakho-ke, omunye amaphuzu ayinhloko ukuhlaziywa umphakathi salo sengqondo sokungafuni emvelweni bese ukwehlukana kwayo ezinhlobo. nefilosofi izinto ezigqanyisiwe izici of interrelations phakathi komuntu imvelo :

• isixhumanisi zofuzo;
• kwemvelo;
• anthropogenesis futhi genesis sakhe ngekwemiva netenhlalo;
• uxhumano ontological.

Umqondo "uhlobo" - ngesisekelo okuba khona komuntu, umthombo izinto ezidingekayo, imikhiqizo kanye izinto. Epistemological, uxhumano ezingokomoya, okuyizinto imvelo kanye nomphakathi, ifilosofi ichaza njengombandela wokubamba umsebenzi engqondweni yethu zabantu kanye nesimo azinze ezingokomzwelo nezingokwengqondo.

"Imvelo" ifilosofi - kuyinto yinye negama elithi 'ukuthula', "daba", "yonke", "ngokuba". Futhi kusho ngokuyisisekelo asho into eziningi (uhlobo ugesi, isifo, njll ...); mayelana nomphakathi umelana imvelo (konke okungaveli umphumela bokusebenza komuntu).

Ngokuvamile singasho ukuthi umqondo welithi "uhlobo" linendima ebalulekile. Umphakathi wesintu ichaza nefilosofi njengengxenye sabantu.

nokungezwani

Umkhuba umthengi maqondana kwemithombo yemvelo kuye kwaholela ukuphazamiseka nobunye imvelo. Kusukela ngekhulu XX, kwaba sobala ukuthi kukhona usongo khona lwesintu sisonke ngokuthi oluthile lwento ephilayo, esibucayi ezinzima kwemvelo. Siyavuma nokungcoliswa kwamanzi, umoya, inhlabathi, ukuntuleka kwezinsiza, ukunyamalala uhlobo oluthile zezitshalo nezilwane, ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi, ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke, izimbobo-ozone, nokunye. N. Ngenxa yalokho, impilo labantu iplanethi iye yawohloka. Obonakalayo kwaba lingcole wechibi zofuzo.

Njengoba isayensi, ifilosofi ekuphileni kwebantfu kanye nomphakathi ifikile ukudlala umbono obaluleke ngisho nakakhulu. Ukulitadisha, omunye Useqala ukucabanga waphakade, injongo yokuphila futhi indima yomuntu kwi-jikelele. Kuyadingeka ukushintsha izingqondo zabantu, it is kakhulu imizimba "wanamathela" inyama. I abalazi abantu yesimanje phathelana kakhulu umthengi. Ngokusobala, yonke imvelo, izitshalo nezilwane zidalwe njengendlela inzuzo esintwini, kodwa uma bengabaphathi ngokunakekela, ngomuzwa ukubonga ke ngokushesha kakhulu sizokwazi hhayi kuphela esimeni esibucayi, kodwa silahlelwé yokuqothulwa.

ukwazi mass

Namuhla, ukukhathazeka zemvelo kwaba isici esiyinhloko obumba abalazi lonke izikhathi zemiphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ifilosofi yesimanje emphakathini, ngamafuphi, sihlose kutfutfukisa ukuziqaphela futhi umthwalo wabantu phambi yonke le mbulunga, zonke izidalwa zasemhlabeni, ngisho endaweni yonke, nokuqaphela indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kanye kwemvelo nokucekelwa yayo kanye. Uma muva nje e isimo kwemvelo usongo esintwini oboné kakhulu imvelo kuphela, ubuhle bayo, abese namuhla siyaqonda - kuba ukulimala ngqo impilo yethu, inhlalakahle kanye yokuziphilisa.

nefilosofi Modern emphakathini futhi wagxila ebuhlotsheni nemvelo. Wonke umhlaba - umzimba owodwa, ngakho isintu kumelwe bahlangane zokuxazulula inkinga kwemvelo. Ngemva imvelo ongaziwa alikho. Kuyinto eyodwa, kanye iplanethi sisonqenqemeni lwenhlekelele. Umphakathi kwaba embundwini isigaba esisha nobambiswano ukuqaphela kwethu ihlanganisa umqondo ephawula sphere okucabanga.

noosphere

Lo mqondo uveza ezingeni eliphakeme ukuhlanganiswa amafomu akhona ndaba, njengoba zibangelwa yizenzo zabantu, okuyinto akha khona kabusha izithakazelo lwesintu ngokuhambisana izidingo uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli, okwenza kube obhekene kwemvelo yayo. ukuthuthukiswa Modern njengezisulu zakhe ngefilosofi inkampani ubona njengoba ubuhlobo phakathi komuntu nemvelo akuyona ngokombono lokusebenzisa amandla akhe phezu kwakhe, kanye intertwining yentuthuko parallel kanye nokuxhumana. umqondo Noosphere emelela umqondo isidingo inhlangano okunengqondo umphakathi kanye nokuxhumana yayo nemvelo, kunokuba sengqondo okuvele okuzingela.

Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi umphakathi ukhona kuphela ngokusebenzisa imvelo ephilayo. Umphakathi wanamuhla, njengoba uhlelo wefilosofi engeke ukuthuthukisa maqondana umqondo noosphere, uzobe esasizobhujiswa yokuqothulwa. Akukwazi sengqondo esingafanele esichitha maqondana nezwe. Indoda, njengoba umuntu, ingxenye izwe elikhulu, bese kudingeka ukuba nibhekane imithetho, okuhloswe ngazo ukwakha nokuphula hhayi ukubhujiswa. Kungenjalo, cishe yena ongabeka isimangalo ekubeni umuntu eliphusile.