Nefilosofi Eastern

"East - a ndaba ... obucayi" Ngubani akamazi ibinzana edumile kusukela movie, sekuyisikhathi eside esiyisaga? nefilosofi Eastern mncane futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwahlukahlukana. Kusekelwe isiqondiso ukucabanga, ozalwa amasiko amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa: amaShayina futhi Indian. It is esigama sidilizwa. Kodwa ngakho enwetshiwe uhlaka lwezendawo nezesikhasana ukuthi Sinesithakazelo esikhulu namuhla.

nefilosofi Eastern - hhayi iqoqo nezimfundiso hhayi somlando, ushintsho akunakwenzeka. Lena - isikhalo emvelweni yomuntu. Ukuze yokuqala yalo essence. Man uhlala ezingaxazululeki abanye nje kuphela, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nami, ngokuba bangakwati kuvisisa umhlaba yabo kwangaphakathi. Uthuthuva umbuzo: kungani, sesazi izindlela eziningi kangaka ukuze uxazulule izinkinga abasafufusa, sifuna ukuthi ngichaze lomkhuba yomuntu nefilosofi Eastern? Okuhilelekile angavamile? Mhlawumbe. Sichayeka elithile noma ngenye indlela ithonya Eurocentric, sizokwenza njalo uzibuza ukuthi acebile kakhulu ubunye esempumalanga izinqubo zenhlalo nezemvelo, mkhulu kangakanani ukuhlukahluka kokubili nokuhlakanipha komuntu amakhono.

Yiziphi lezi zici wefilosofi Eastern? Esikhathini zamagama izimfundiso basezinganekwaneni, enengqondo futhi zenkolo. Lapha okwakuthandelene UConfucius izimfundiso Buddha sika, ama-Vedas, "Avesta". Lo mbono lephelele yomuntu. nefilosofi Eastern ubona umhlaba futhi umuntu ngokwakhe, njengoba indalo wonkulunkulu. Kube kuyofikwa hylozoism, Animism, samuntu futhi associativity. Zonke animated, spiritualized. zemvelo afaniswa indoda, umuntu - jikelele.

Ubudlelwano yomuntu bakudala nemvelo liletha umuzwa uxhumano indissoluble: e izithombe zonkulunkulu samuntu amabutho bemvelo (umuntu uhlangabezana amandla onkulunkulu, engenamandla okumelana nazo kwaba), onkulunkulu nabantu, kungathi ibanga lokuphonsa ofanayo wokuphila, izici ezivamile kanye zamehlo ezivamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi onkulunkulu onguMninimandla onke, injengomoya abantu esinobuthatha ojezisanayo, esongela noma ehlukumeza, wayithanda-up, njll Ngesikhathi esifanayo izinhlamvu afakwa izinganekwane amakhono kumnandi ukuba nqoba okubi isendleleni eya sokunqoba kobulungisa.

Chaos kancane kancane hlela uphinde yonke okuthiwa laqanjwa u "umuntu wokuqala": tysyacheglavomu, tysyacheglazomu, tysyachenogomu Purusha, ogama ingqondo idale inyanga, umlomo - emlilweni, amehlo - ilanga, umoya - umoya.

Purusha - kanye samuntu cosmos futhi umphakathi womuntu kakhulu ukuthi noma kukhona wokwehlayo ekuseni (okungukuthi nomphakathi), esiboniswe division kwi "lombhalo": Brahmins (noma abapristi) - emlonyeni Purusha, ezandleni zakhe babengokoqobo Kshatriyas (iqhawe lombhalo) kusuka ezinqulwini - Vaishya (abadayisi) nalo lonke (sudras) - kusukela izinyawo.

izinganekwane Chinese ukuchaza yonke ngale ndlela, kuphela igama Superman kuzo - Pangu. Sigh ozelwe umoya wakhe futhi amafu, ikhanda lakhe okuzelwe nokuduma, amehlo ukukhanya kwelanga nenyanga, 4 amakhona emhlabeni senzeka ngesikhathi izandla nezinyawo emfuleni - kusukela egazini, amazolo nemvula - aphume umjuluko, umbani baba amehlo egqamile ...

Ukuzama enomqondo siqonde causality izwe e okunhlobonhlobo yayo, variability kanye ukuqinisela, umuntu kwakumelwe nje ukubona okuhloswe kwami kuye. Ukuzizwa wasala uxhumano obuseduze yendawo ezungezile, kodwa kukhona imicabango mayelana ngokuphelele ethile, abe khona izimbangela izimiso zokuqala wokuba. uxhumano Human ne Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke isivele ithoma ukwakheka kwi onobuhle ababili, bobabili kubonakala kanye agcine Eastern nabantu kwawo. Izinsika ezimbili iqukethwe: a despotism eyodwa (kusekelwe ubunikazi zomphakathi yamanzi nezwe) kanye nemiphakathi yasemakhaya. Ezingqondweni refracted amandla ngokuphelele angenamkhawulo le nkosi aseMpumalanga (the omnipotence we olulodwa, izichasiso unkulunkulu oyinhloko).

Single China - "Ekuqaleni omkhulu", elikwaziyo ukuze abelethe, ukuze endow, ukubulala indoda nonkulunkulu bezinto ezingabonakali manje ezulwini (noma "Tian"). I "yohlu lwezincwadi izinkondlo" ( "Classic of Izinkondlo") iyinhlangano ukhokho jikelele kwesibhakabhaka. I "Canon" agcizelela somphakathi, kumele zigcinwe zikhona bese kuthi balondolozwa. Ngandlela-thile kamuva, isamba kanye nomqondo ekupheleleni kobuntu, lapho kukhona khona indawo yokuqala kukhona nomusa nenhlonipho (ezinye amagugu sikhuthazela - umusa, isibindi, futhi kuphoqelekile zokuziphatha, "lokho akufanele akwenze kimi, + ngeke ngiyenze ukuze basize abanye", kanti amandla kwakuwukuthi okuqinile linqoba izindima social: i-emperor kufanele ahlale lelitimele, indodana - indodana noyise - uyise).

Isisekelo ngemibono emphakathini Chinese baba ubuConfucius elicacisiwe ngamatshe imithetho inhlangano yomphakathi, iziqondiso, ngokwesiko. Esikhathini indatshana sekhenoni "Li tzu" Confucius wabhala: "Ngaphandle Lee oda akukwazi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ngeke kube isimo nokuchuma bekungeke yini kube - kuzoba khona umehluko phakathi yezihloko inkosi, kuvumela futhi kusenjalo ngizithole, abantu abadala kanye abasha .. Lee - izinto ukuhleleka ".

Isithombe efanayo ivele India. Lapha Brahma yakha ngiyaphupha real, ichaza amagama karma unika esikhundleni esikhethekile. Wabuye wasungula division lombhalo, befuna ukuthobela olungenamkhawulo. Kube temabhodlela - Brahmins (noma abapristi), bebakhonza kuyakhuthazwa futhi aziswa njengezinto "umsebenzi ephakeme" Sudras (abavamile).

Indian ngokoqobo - ku "kwesiyingi somhlaba", okuyinto kunqunywa ukuphila komuntu ezinzima ukuze ithemba ekuhluphekeni uma kwenzeka amaphutha akuwenzanga. Okuwukuphela kwendlela - ukuphula "Samsara" (nokuzalwa kabusha chain).

By endleleni, lapha kukhona umthombo ezingaqondakali yosesho kanye austerity indlela ukuthi ezinikelwa yidolobha lase-"I-Bhagavad Gita" sikwenza kucace futhi kakhulu atshalwa Buddhism: "imicabango kuphela ungaboshwa ngokwabo enqobile, washiya ngaphandle izifiso kanye indoda bathinteka ifinyelela ukuphelela ..."

Izici njengezisulu zakhe ngefilosofi empumalanga lasendulo ngeke uphinde uvule izingqondo ngisho ezizukulwane eziningi ...