Inhlokodolobha lasendulo of China: incazelo, umlando kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

China sidilizwa capital womuntu ongaqeqeshiwe ingase ikumangaze inombolo yabo. La madoda ayemane uma, kodwa ngekhulu elidlule uhlu lwandiswa 7 izihloko. Kafushane sizobheka ngamunye wabo.

Peking

Inhloko-dolobha yokuqala China lasendulo, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umuntu, laliseduze ugema. Imizana lokuqala kule ndawo yayikhona kusukela yokuqala yeminyaka BC. e. Phakathi Zhou Dynasty lempi inqaba lakhiwa lapha. Yaqalwa ngonyaka ka 1368 yababusi lwamakhosi. Okwesikhathi esithile inhlokodolobha washukumiseleka ukuba Nanjing, kodwa uMbusi Yongle yenhloko-dolobha Ming BakwaHan emuva Beijing. Izakhiwo Beijing yesimanje ngokuyinhloko ifa yababusi futhi Qing BakwaHan. Phakathi nokubusa zokugcina zazo edumile Peking Gardens ezakhiwa, Old Summer Palace. Phakathi nokubusa yababusi lwamakhosi eyakhelwe Nethempeli Ezulwini, i-Imperial Palace. It siguqulwe Yongle uMbusi Beijing, okwenza kuye ngifane chessboard.

Nanking

By the way, inhloko-dolobha yaseChina lasendulo kusukela uMbusi lokuqala - Shanghai. Nokho, ososayensi awunawo uhlu edolobheni futhi Shanghai akubhekwa omunye izihloko zomlando.

Nanjing ingenye imizi yasendulo kakhulu China. Laliyikomkhulu amakhosi ayishumi kanye Republic of China. Namuhla iyinhloko-dolobha ye Jiangsu. Nanjing liphakathi nendawo phakathi kwezinye izihloko ezimbili of China lasendulo - Beijing futhi Shanghai. igama ehunyushiwe Nanjing kusho "inhlokodolobha eningizimu". Umuzi yasungulwa ngo V leminyaka. BC. e. Kulapha abaningi kakhulu sevukelombuso esiyingozi kakhulu. By endleleni, lapha ke ungcwatshwe umsunguli Ming BakwaHan. Ngo 1853 edolobheni yaba inhloko-dolobha isimo Taiping obuswa Hun Syutsianya. Ngo-1912, ingcindezi evela Abavukeli waba inhloko-dolobha ye-Republic of China.

Namuhla Nanjing kuyinto Centre Development. Nsuku zonke lapha uhlala bakwamanye amazwe abaningi ngokwengeziwe. City kuvuselela amahhotela, namabhilidi kanye zikanokusho eziyinxanxathela. Thanda Shanghai, sikhule size sibe idolobha elinabantu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene.

Chanyaan

Uhlu dolobha ye China lasendulo uyaqhubeka Chang'an edolobheni, ogama lakhe lisho ukuthi "ukuthula okuhlala njalo." Ukuze esaphila isikhathi ukuvakashela inhlokodolobha ezifundazweni eziningana e China. Nokho, namuhla, endaweni yayo lingumuzi Xi'an.

Imizana uqala ukuvela phakathi Neolithic. It yaba inhloko-dolobha Chang'an ngesikhathi uMbuso Tang. Njengoba e Beijing, isakhiwo lalifana chessboard. Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu VIII, kwakunabamemezeli abangaphezu kuka-1 million abantu, okuyinto ngezindinganiso okwenza emzini omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni. Phakathi Ming BakwaHan, inhlokodolobha washukumiseleka ukuba Beijing futhi Chanyaan uqambe kabusha Xi'an.

Luoyang

Inhloko-dolobha yaseChina lasendulo, thina manje sibheke umlando, kwaba futhi omunye Imizi eminingi yasendulo. Umuzi Luoyang laliyinhloko-dolobha uthi ahlukahlukene Chinese. Umlando omuzi aqala ekhulwini XI. BC. e. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu dolobha wokuqala China, elakhiwa ecebeni ukucabanga-out, ikhumbula engasho lutho Cosmological. Ngo-770 BC. e. Luoyang laliyinhloko-dolobha kombuso ka Zhou. Ngemva kwalokho, yayiyinhloko-dolobha yombuso wakwa Wei, Three Yemibuso kanye Jin Dynasty West.

Usadlondlobele safinyelela phakathi Inkathi Sui, Tang futhi Iculo amakhosi. Luoyang waba kwamasiko dolobha Chanyaanya. Isakhiwo East yenhloko-dolobha, njengoba yayibizwa kanjalo ngaleso sikhathi Luoyang, waqala ngesikhathi kubusa Sui Dynasty. Vele 2 iminyaka ephethwe ukwakha brand new, ukushintsha lo muzi. Nokho, zonke zakhiwo kakhulu ezilimele ngesikhathi ekupheleni Tang BakwaHan, okuyinto ebekwe impi. Luoyang Renaissance waqala ngesikhathi sokubusa amakhosi Yuan kanye Ming. Kusukela namuhla - it is a encane, isifundazwe zanamuhla.

Kaifeng

Inhlokodolobha zomlando of China abangu eyayihambisana eminye imizi emithathu. Omunye wabo - Kaifeng. Wayesebenza kahle amagama amaningi: Byanlyan, Dalian, Liang, Bantszin. Inhloko-dolobha kwaba phakathi nokubusa lo Dynasty Iculo esikhathini kusuka 960 for 1127. Phakathi nokubusa le Han lwamakhosi, lo muzi kwakunezakhamuzi ukubaluleka okukhulu empini. Nokho, maduzane nje, umbuso Wei eyakhelwe kule ndawo-dolobha yakhe, wawuqamba ngokuthi Dalyan. Lapho umbuso Wei egqilazwe umbuso Qin, umuzi wabhujiswa futhi lishiywe linjalo. Phakathi nokubusa edolobheni Empire Eastern Wei futhi yaqanjwa ngokuthi Kaifeng. Ezikhathini eziningi edolobheni yashintsha igama layo ngesicelo ababusi. Kaifeng ngamagama ahlukene bekulokhu inhlokodolobha isimo kwesikhathi Han, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Qin, le kwesikhathi Zhou. Ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi inkathi yeminyaka engu-1013-1027 edolobheni kwakuwumsebenzi wokuhumusha omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni.

Engakabi yayo, edolobheni izikhathi eziningi libhujiswa ukungenela ezempi noma izinhlekelele zemvelo. Lokhu akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa kubabusi ngilakhe njalo futhi wenze inhloko-dolobha esimweni sazo.

Hangzhou

Uhlu dolobha ye China lasendulo uyaqhubeka edolobheni Hangzhou, okuyinto kude sifundazwe. Endulo, ngaphambi kokuba amaMongol ahlasele, umuzi wabizwa ngokuthi Lin'an. Laliyikomkhulu phakathi nokubusa Southern Iculo BakwaHan. Ngaleso sikhathi wayesevile eminyakeni engu edolobheni ugcwale kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuze kube manje, umuzi liyaziwa ubuhle bemvelo, enkulukazi itiye izingadi kanye West Lake. Kukhona ebaluleke lesikhumbuzo ezimbili zomlando - imitha-30 baochu mbhoshongo futhi Mausoleum ka Yue Fei. Njengoba ngaphambili, umuzi isikhungo esingokomlando. Njalo ngezimpelasonto ke edonsela amakhulu Chinese, ukubona ezikhumbuzo abadumile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Hangzhou - isikhungo zezimboni onamandla. Futhi ngokuthi umuzi izinkulungwane bezinkampani Chinese. Ludala omningi izimpahla. Isikhumulo sezindiza International kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusuka Hangzhou kunoma okuyidolobha ise South-East Asia.

Anyang

Kuze kube manje, umuzi kuyinto esifundeni encane ezisemadolobheni. Anyang sidalwe emva umbuso Qin united China ibe umbuso owodwa. Ngezinye Sun Empire division zokuphatha Anyang isibe ezimbili-level. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuzi waphenduka maphakathi Xiangzhou iziphathimandla ukuqoqa. Ekupheleni kwe-Empire Sui yaqala lapha an amazing isikali ukuvukela kwabantu uhulumeni. City baphela amandla ngenxa eyaba inkundla ngesikhathi An Lushan Rebellion.

Ehlobo lika-1949, ngemva kokunqoba ngo kulwiwa, amaKhomanisi ihlelwe isifundazwe, idolobha owawungumnyaka kwakuwukuthi Anyang. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, Anyang wayeyilungu izifunda zombuso ezihlukahlukene futhi izifunda. Ngo-1983, idolobha lase-Anyang County yadalwa.

Namuhla sifundile dolobha eziyisikhombisa lasendulo of China. ethi History ongamtshela okuningi, kodwa umlando China Liyindawo omkhulu futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho ukutshala esihlokweni kunzima kakhulu sikala. Nokho, siye safunda le ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo kakhulu dolobha zomlando of China, kanye ezinye waphonseka izimpande zomlando zomuzi futhi uthole isimo samanje. Kunoma ikuphi, inhloko-dolobha yaseChina lasendulo Sinesithakazelo esikhulu, hhayi nje abacwaningi, kodwa futhi izivakashi abavamile. China - ezweni ongaqondakali, okuyinto owuthanda nge ukwehlukana kwayo nokukhanya.