Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin: A Biography

Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili - omunye izibalo eyindida kunazo zonke zezombusazwe kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Wabalwa, futhi manje abantu abaningi bakholelwa zikamashiqela futhi umashiqela ngawuzonda nabathandwayo ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Stalin - yomlando wakhe akulula, futhi usenayo eziningi zezici zawo kuhlale kuyimfihlakalo-mlando. Wakhe indlela yokuphila izikhathi eziningana sashintsha isigubhukane isiqondiso sayo. Hard, umuntu nginenhliziyo, hhayi ukuba akhothame phambi nobunzima - yilokho kwakungu-Iosif uStalin. Biography uwuchaza zonke izinhlobo zabantu. I. V Dzhugashvili wabekwa icala mayelana nezinsolo bobukhosi 'amaphoyisa omshoshaphansi "futhi zithi uyimbuka. Kodwa, naphezu kwayo yonke into, iSoviet Union kwaba ngesikhathi ibambene amandla ayo kwezomnotho nakwezempi ekuqaleni Engxenyeni ekhulwini XX yesibili, futhi neqhaza kwakunjalo Stalin wenza. Biography emfushane, abekwe ngezansi, ayoba mancane amathuba okwenza bakwazi ukuchaza ngokugcwele ithalente eyayisenhliziyweni yale ndoda.

Disemba 18, 1878 edolobhaneni elincane Georgian ka Gori Iosif Stalin wazalwa. Eminyakeni eyishumi, wangena sabefundisi, lapho waziveza onesandla umhlabeleli, futhi iseluleko babafundisi engu-16 waya ukufunda esikoleni sabefundisi e Tiflis.

Ngo-1897, i-Dzhugashvili abasha wafunda ngokusebenzelana Marxism. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi Isiphelo sakhe seliya ngokuzumayo. Ngemva konyaka, ngo-August 1898, waba ilungu "Mesame Dasi" - inhlangano encane Social-Democratic, futhi ekwindla ka 1901. IV Dzhugashvili waba ilungu lekomiti RSDLP idolobha Tbilisi. Kube wathatha igama Koba behlonipha omunye heroes kule noveli Aleksandra Kazbegi. Ngemva yesibili Party Congress enhlanganweni uqhekeko, iqembu ahlukaniselwe amaBolshevik futhi Mensheviks. Koba wathatha ohlangothini lokuqala, izimiso zabo kanye nezinkambiso.

Party comrades libhekene Stalin njengoba wamavukelambuso abonakele: kwakubalulekile okuningi kuye, futhi abantu babeyidlanzana nje yokufinyelela umgomo othile. Ajwayelane Lenin, owenzeka ngo-1905, ayithinta angemahle kuye: uStalin wadumala oyinhloko njengoba umuntu. Ngu-1917, ingxenye enkulu yomphakathi waseRussia usibonise umusa ukunyakaza kwamaBolshevik. Ngaleso sikhathi, uStalin futhi Kamenev ephethwe iphephandaba "Pravda".

Phakathi kulwiwa , uStalin esimisiwe ikhanda prodotdela eningizimu. Ukudideka kwempi yombango avunyelwe Kobe ukugxambukela cishe noma yiliphi ikhambi lempi. Stalin kwadingeka yisibalo esikhulu sabasebenzi esingakaze nengangibajwayele - kokubili lwamaqembu endawo kanye ne nabaholi baseSoviet.

Uhulumeni waseSoviet Dzhugashvili engakafakwa okuthunyelwe ka Yabantu Commissar ngoba izizwe. Isifiso sakhe sokuthola yinye kwamandla uye zaholela ezingxabanweni eziningi ne abaholi Georgia ne-Ukraine.

Ngo-1922, uStalin wathatha okuthunyelwe owayenguNobhala Jikelele. Ngemva V I. Lenina ukufa, Koba phambi kwabantu ukuze angene esikhundleni sakhe. Njengoba akhulula inkulumo yakhe yokuvalelisa, wathi, anakho ngenxa Party nabantu. Wayelethwa kusekelwa abangane ukuthi Koba abamiselwe ukuthobisa eziphakeme apharathasi wezwe zokuphatha.

Njengoba nekazuzelwa ukuphikiswa, uStalin ephonsa zonke izimpi zawo ukusakaza socialism emhlabeni wonke. Abantu e ukuqonda lakhe ibingamashumi pawns. Babefanele noma afe noma ukwenza umsebenzi. Uhlelo kwaKhe collectivization okubangelwa igagasi imibhikisho. abalimi abaxosha bahlangana kunamaqembu ezigebengu waya ehlathini.

Ngokufanayo wahola Stalin futhi wezepolitiki. Konke ukukhuluma Kucinisa neshintshashintshayo kuye esikhundleni sakhe kwamenyezelwa emhlanganweni XVII iCongress of the CPSU (b). Iphinde wakhululwa futhi igama Kirov. Kwezwakala ngosuku lokuqala ebusika 1931 shot waphula ukuphila komuntu, okungase esikhundleni Stalin kokuthunyelwe kwakhe. Umsolwa ecaleni lokubulala Koba sabaphikisana nawo ubudala - Zinoviev futhi Kamenev.

Olwaqala emva le nqubo, i-ingashiswa okuthiwa abathintekayo abantu abangaba yizigidi ezine kuya kweziyisihlanu, babo amaphesenti angu-10 badutshulwa. "Population" ezihlasela lezi ziqhingi njalo GULAG ngesikhathi eneminyaka engaba ngu-13 million. Man. Against ngemuva zalezi zenzakalo ukuze badumise igama kaStalin. It babubatshazwa njengoba umsindisi wabantu kweqiniso: kwakukhona okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhulekela ubuntu.

Ngo-1939, i-yokuhlanza seliqediwe, uStalin wamnaka inqubomgomo angaphandle. EU.SSR kwakumelwe bakhethe: ukuya rapprochement nge iBrithani neFrance, okuyizinto eduze abamfunanga ukuba yedwa noma ukuxoxisana Hitler. Inketho odlule kwaba inani elihle kunawo. Impi kwaphoqa on iminyaka emibili. ukuqeqeshwa lamasosha Kuqalwe, babe sebetshela imiphumela yokuqala yokuhlanza, ebonakaliswa ukuntuleka umyalo omkhulu. rearmament kwenziwa kancane, izitshalo kuphela kahle ukukhiqiza entsha.

Impi wangqongqoza ngokuphelele IV Dzhugashvili kusuka ku-track, phakathi nenyanga ibutho kwaba cishe akukho buholi. Ngaleso sikhathi Stalin wacindezeleka wayesemathuneni ukushaqeka okukhulu kwengqondo. Kwakufanele isebenze amahora angu-18 ngosuku, ubuso yaso yasinamathela, uhlamvu uye wathukuthela, waba futhi sicasuke. Ukungakwazi kusho owaleli ezinhle, wafundiswa Zhukov, Shaposhnikov nezinye izinduna izisekelo karate. Ngemva kokunqoba Soviet phezu eJalimane lobuNazi ku zinhloko zabantu, njengoba lalibizwa kanjalo Stalin, kwakusekhona ezinye epithets egqamile:. "Umholi omkhulu kunabo bonke," "isu abahlakaniphile"

I yanqoba eMpini Yezwe II kwaba apogee womsebenzi kaStalin. Kancane kancane, ikakhulu ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa wejubili, waqala ukuba kudlule. Anakho high blood pressure, gobe nokwesaba yaphenduka mania. Yena akazange alivume icala odokotela bakhe ngoba abazi ukubethemba futhi babebakhonza. izinzwa abaphihliza futhi senhliziyo sabulala Iosifa Vissarionovicha Stalina eneminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-75.

Iosif Stalin - yomlando wakhe ngeke ngokuphelele kabusha ezibhaliwe kumele, negama lakhe liyakuthiwa uthele odakeni bese beveza eziningi izinganekwane, eneka lowo muntu abe umuntu omubi. Kodwa ukuthi kungase kube yiqiniso, abantu baye basinda ungekho ezweni abampofu incithakalo nesihamba ukubangisana kwemibuso emikhulu, sisho imigomo yabo emazweni amaningi emhlabeni wonke. Ekhulwini XX kwakungekho umholi ngaphezulu "ngempumelelo" yezwe, kuka uStalin. Umlando wakhe, eyabhalwa Arsen Martirosian, okuxosha iningi izinganekwane mayelana ukuphila nezenzo eyayisenhliziyweni yale ndoda. Wabusela ngokhahlo, kodwa isikhathi nesihluku befuna kanjalo. Emphilweni Koba ke abenamaphutha eziningi, futhi iningi labo zakhokhelwa igazi zabantu abavamile. Kodwa kusuka ezweni wonakele wakha ukubangisana kwemibuso emikhulu omkhulu, yanqoba eMpini Yezwe II futhi ukulungele spacewalk.