Indodakazi kukaStalin - Svetlana Alliluyeva. Biography kanye Izithombe

indodakazi kukaStalin Svetlana Alliluyeva kwaba ozithandayo kayise esesabekayo. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi le ntombazane wazalelwa emkhayeni wesintu, inhloko ezweni elikhulu, ezimiselwe phetho ekhaliphile. Kodwa eqinisweni kwathi ehlukile. ukuphila indodakazi kukaStalin sasifana adventure okuqhubekayo, asihlanganise lutho nge isiphetho ukuze kukhululwe inzalo ka osopolitiki esiphakeme zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

lokuzalwa

Svetlana wazalwa eLeningrad ngosuku lokugcina ebusika 1926. Nguye okwakubhekwe ukuthi ingane yesibili emshadweni Iosifa Stalina futhi Nadezhda Alliluyeva. Ngaphandle-ke i- "umholi we sonke isikhathi nabantu" nomkakhe bakhula indodana Basil. Futhi, intombazane umfowabo kaJakobe, eyise wabeletha kumkakhe wokuqala, Ekaterina Svanidze kakhulu (wafa ngo ekuthunjweni German phakathi nempi).

Alliluyeva ukuphila ngemva ukuzibulala kanina

Ubuningi okuyinto abanye abagcina yendodakazi ezikhulayo Stalina Svetlana. Biography of ebuntwaneni ukuthi zithathelwe ukufa ekuseni kanina, wazibulala lapho eseneminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Ngu Svetlana gubadlela imbangela Ukushona kukamama kweqiniso, emtshela ukuthi eshona etafuleni yokusebenza ngesikhathi ngokuhlasela appendicitis oyingozi. Kodwa, njengoba yena kamuva owakhumbula Alliluyeva, unina wayemane kabaze baba lakho ukuma fojisa nokudelela kumyeni wakhe sika eziphezulu. Ngemva ukuzibulala wakhe Svetlana futhi Vasily empeleni abayizintandane ngoba Stalin wayematasa izindaba isimo kanye nesikhathi bazakhele inzalo wayentula.

Khanyisa akhulela eziningi umhlengikazi futhi umphathi. Amakilasi waxosha umshayeli wakhe siqu. It is kahle wafunda esikoleni, Wayesazi isiNgisi. Ngemva kugqashuka impi nomfowabo Vasily waxoshelwa Kuibyshev. ukuphila wentombazane kwaba yisicefe. Ubethula sinqatshiwe ukuhamba, ukuze ngibe umngane nabo izingane endaweni ukuxoxa nabantu abangabazi. Ukuzijabulisa kuphela Svetlana kwaba ifilimu ukuthi ayekufuna wokudlala movie yasekhaya.

uthando kuqala

Basil, ngokungafani udadewabo, wayengafuni ukuphuthelwa. Ubaba Kwakuqabukela ngiba sekhaya, futhi kuye le nsizwa, sibambe engekho, ngokuvamile bahlela emcimbini enomsindo. Phakathi kwabazalwane abangu-zazazi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlangabezana owawaziwa ngaleso sikhathi abadlali, singers and abasubathi. Kwenye yalezi amaqembu Svetlana oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala wahlangana umbhali oneminyaka engu-39 ubudala futhi umlingisi Alekseem Kaplerom. Ngo kuye futhi wathandana indodakazi kaStalin. Biography yowesifazane uzoqhubeka dazzle amanoveli, kodwa uthando ayenalo ekuqaleni omdala ngeke awakhohlwe. Solid ngobudala akazange uhlupho noma iyiphi intombazane noma umuntu wakhe ekhethiwe. Alex kwaba ngendlela emangalisayo handsome bajabulela impumelelo nabesifazane. Ngesikhathi uthando Svetlana wayekade ohlukanisile kabili. Owayeyintombi yakhe abafazi babe abadumile actress Soviet.

Young Khanyisa Kapler wamshaya erudition kanye nabantu abadala bakhe ukucabanga ngokuphila. Wayeyindoda ovuthiwe futhi wayazi ukuthi lithandana indodakazi "umholi bezizwe" ungase uphele ngezinyembezi ngaye, kodwa akakwazanga ukwenza lutho nge imizwa yabo. Nakuba ukukhanya njalo abaya yemilindankosi, wakwazi ukubaleka ukuphishekela kwakhe futhi uzulazule kanye lover wakhe emigwaqweni ethule, ukuvakashela naye Tretyakov Gallery, imidlalo yaseshashalazini, ifilimu amaseshini uvaliwe iKomiti namabhayisikobho. Ngo Umlando wakhe, Svetlana losifovna wabhala ukuthi kwakungekho Ubuhlobo obuseduze phakathi kwabo kwakungeyona, njengoba eSoviet Union ubulili ngaphambi komshado kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso ihlazo.

On umqondo wokuqala omdala yendodakazi kukaStalin waziwa ngokushesha kakhulu. UNobhala Jikelele we-USSR wathatha ukungathandi osheshayo Kapler, futhi ukuphila umlingisi ngangena enkingeni. Washaywa ngokuphindaphindiwe wabizelwa Lubyanka futhi equliswa amahora-eside ngemibuzo. Ngakho indlela lokuzinqumela Kapler lithandana Svetlana kwakungenakwenzeka, wabekwa icala asihlola e-United Kingdom futhi kakhulu ngendlela 10 iminyaka, wathunyelwa eVorkuta lokuqondisa izigwegwe ikoloni. Komama abaningi, le noveli yaphela ngempama eziningana onohlonze ubaba esiqinile.

ngomshado wokuqala

Biography obengeziwe kukaStalin indodakazi Svetlana Alliluyeva elihlobene ne isifundo at MSU. Ngemva kokuqeda isikole, wabhalisela e-Faculty of kolimi, kodwa, ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zokuqala, ngaphansi kwengcindezi kayise wayiswa zomlando. Uyabazonda indaba Nokho, waphoqeleka ukuba entandweni uPapa, akubhekwa izincwadi nomsebenzi kwezincwadi umsebenzi ohloniphekile.

Njengoba umfundi, Svetlana washada UGrigory Morozov - umngane esikoleni yomfowabo. Intombazane eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala ngaleso sikhathi. Stalin sasimelene umshado futhi wayenqabile ukubonana, unyana wakhe, umthetho. Ngo-1945, lo mbhangqwana waba ingane, owayebizwa ngokuthi uJosefa. ngomshado wokuqala Svetlana sika eyathatha iminyaka 4 kuphela, ukuze injabulo enkulu Stalin ngiyaquleka. Njengoba ilandiswa Alliluyeva kwelinye izingxoxo zakhe, UGrigory Morozov wenqaba ukuze bakwazi ukuzivikela futhi ufuna naye ukuba wamzalela izingane eziyishumi. Svetlana futhi uba umama-Heroine wayecabanga ukuthi ngeke. Kunalokho, ukuthi uhlela ukuthathela uthole imfundo ephakeme. Phakathi kweminyaka ethile beshadile intombazana Morozov wenza 4 isisu ke wagula futhi wafaka isicelo sesehlukaniso.

Umshado ngesikhathi ekufuna kayise

Ngo-1949, Iosifa Stalina indodakazi Svetlana Alliluyeva washada. Lesi sikhathi wametha uyise umyeni wakhe. Zaba indodana unobhala LamaKhomanisi ka Andrei Zhdanov amajaji. Ngaphambi kokuba bashade, lowo abantu abasha abazange babe nomhlangano owodwa. Bashada, ngoba ngakho like uStalin. Yuri yokutholwa ngokusemthethweni indodana ukuba ibuye emshadweni wayo wokuqala Svetlana. Ngemva konyaka, nomkakhe wazala Alliluyeva indodakazi Catherine, bese wafaka isicelo sesehlukaniso. Stalin ukuthi awanelisekile nale iqhinga, Svetlana, kodwa ukumenza ukuphila nalo muntu engathandwa, akukho ayengakwenza. UNobhala Jikelele we-Soviet Union waqaphela ukuthi bamthobele indodakazi ababange, futhi bakwemukele yobuntu bakhe abahlubukayo.

Impilo emva kokufa kukayise

Ngo-March 1953, "kusho umholi wabo bonke abantu" kwakungasekho. Ngemva kokufa kukayise, Svetlana sika yanikwa yakhe yamapasi, ku-akhawunti eyayiminingi ruble 900 kuphela. Zonke izimpahla zabo nemibhalo Stalin wamthatha. Kodwa akhononde ngokuntuleka ukunakwa phezu ingxenye owesifazane bahluleka uhulumeni. Ubuhlobo obuhle Kwamiswa wakhe nge Nikitoy Hruschovym naye kwase kukhona owayeseke wafundelwa ndawonye eyunivesithi. indawo Svetlana sika umsebenzi ngo-1956 kwaba-Institute of Imibhalo Yomhlaba, lapho ebelokhu ekhona sekuyisikhathi utadisha izincwadi abalobi Soviet.

Nokho, yini okufanele uyenze indodakazi kukaStalin esilandelayo, Svetlana? ukuphila Siqu ke in the 50s wanezela nesinye umshado. Lesi sikhathi, abakhethiweyo Alliluyeva waba Soviet usosayensi-Africanist Ivan Svanidze. ukuphila Joint wawuqala 1957 kuya ku-1959 futhi yaphela, njengoba ezimweni langaphambilini, isehlukaniso. izingane abavamile babengenayo leyo owakwakhe. Ukuze kukhanye up isizungu, Svetlana cheerleader amanoveli iDemo. Ngalesi sikhathi, uhlu izithandwa zakhe, wajoyina umbhali Soviet nomcusumbuli etemibhalo Andrei Sinyavsky futhi imbongi uDavide Samoilov.

Balekela West

Esikhathini 60s, ne ukuqala Khrushchev "ncibilika", sashintsha isigubhukane isiphetho indodakazi kaStalin. Svetlana Alliluyeva wahlangana eMoscow isakhamuzi India Brajesh Singh kwanda-law umkakhe (ungenele esisemthethweni somshado ngowesinye isizwe kwakungavunyelwe). Hindu kwaba wagula kakhulu futhi wafa ngasekupheleni 1966. Owesifazane, usebenzisa uxhumano kwakhe uhulumeni, ebuzwa iziphathimandla zaseSoviet ukuvumela kwakhe ukuthatha umlotha komyeni wakhe ekhaya. Ngemva kokuthola imvume evela ilungu Politburo we CPSU CPU Kosygin, waya e-India.

Ukuba kude eSoviet Union, Svetlana waqaphela ukuthi ebuyela ekhaya engafuni. Izinyanga ezintathu wayehlala edolobhaneni kakhokho Singh, bese baya Delhi ise US Embassy wambuza United States i-ukukhoseliswa ezombusazwe. Lokhu kokubheduka ezingalindelekile Alliluyeva okubangelwa kungamanyala e-USSR. Uhulumeni waseSoviet ngokuzenzakalela babhaliswa yakhe uhlu amambuka. Okwenza isimo sibe sibi ngenxa yokuthi emzini Svetlana babe indodana nendodakazi. Kodwa owesifazane akazange acabange ukuthi wabaphonsa, ngoba, ngokombono wakhe, zingane sezikwazi futhi bangaphila ngokuzimela. Ngesikhathi uJosefa wayala ukuba kulungiswe kakade wakwazi ukuthola umndeni wakhe, noCatherine kwaba onyakeni wami wokuqala eyunivesithi.

Ukuguqulwa Lana Peters

Shiya India e-United States ngokuqondile Alliluyeva kuhlulekile. Ukuze ukumosha ubudlelwane kakade buhle neSoviet Union, US osomaqhinga abathunywe owesifazane e-Switzerland. Svetlana esehlale isikhathi esithile e-Europe wabe esedlulela Melika. E-West, indodakazi kukaStalin ayizange uhlupheka. Ngo-1967, yena yashicilela incwadi ethi "20 Encwadi Unomngane," yena owakhuluma ngobaba kanye ukuphila kwakhe ngaphambi kokuhamba kwakhe kusukela eMoscow. Bhala-ke Svetlana losifovna waqala eSoviet Union. Le ncwadi iba newozawoza wonke futhi ulethe umbhali abangaba yizigidi 2.5 zamaRandi ngezimali.

Ukuhlala Melika elikude, Svetlana wazama ukulungiselela ukuphila siqu wezakhiwo uWilliam Peters. Ngemva kokushada, okwenzeka ngo-1970, wathatha igama nkosikazi usike igama lakhe, ngokuba nje Lana. Ngokushesha esanda eyasungulwa uNkk Peters wazalwa indodakazi Olga. Ziyahlanya othandweni nomyeni wakhe American, Svetlana imali enkulu imiklamo yayo cishe yonke imali anayo. Lapho ukonga wakhe liphele, umshado behlukana. kamuva Alliluyeva waqaphela ukuthi eshada Peters wakhe uye belulekwa udadewabo, eqiniseka ngokuthi "inkosazana Soviet" kumelwe izigidi eziningi kuyise. Eqaphela ukuthi miscalculated, yena babenza konke okusemandleni ukuze umzalwane abahlukanisile. Emva kwesivumelwano 1972 yendodakazi umshado kukaStalin, Svetlana Alliluyeva (isithombe uWilliam Peters abekwe ngezansi) zaqhubeka nesibongo umyeni wakhe wasala yedwa Olga. Imithombo oyinhloko wemali yayo baba umsebenzi bomlobi futhi iminikelo evela izinhlangano ezisiza ngesihle.

Buyela Alliluyeva e Union

Ngo-1982, Svetlana wathuthela eLondon. Kube walishiya Olga endaweni amaQuaker boarding school wahamba ukuhamba emhlabeni. Ukuze wonke umuntu ukumangala owesifazane ngo-1984 yaphindela eSoviet Union. Isizathu sokuba isinqumo esinjalo kamuva wachaza ukuthi Olga kwakumelwe anikele imfundo enhle, futhi e-USSR, kuba mahhala. iziphathimandla zaseSoviet sihlangabezane nombaleki ngomusa. Yena wabuyisela yisakhamuzi unikezwa izindlu, imoto eyayishayelwa umuntu owayesebenzisa siqu, umhlalaphansi. Kodwa ukuphila eMoscow, owesifazane akakuthandanga, futhi wathuthela ekhaya kayise eGeorgia. Lapha Alliluyeva banikezwe yokuhlala wasebukhosini. Olga kokuqala ukuya esikoleni, ukuthatha izifundo ngezilimi Russian futhi Georgian waxhumana kwezemidlalo Equestrian. Kodwa ukuphila e Tbilisi akazange kuyayijabulisa Svetlana. Buyisela ubudlelwane obonakele nezingane ayizange iphumelele. Joseph noCatherine bakhubeka ngunina iqiniso lokuthi cishe engu-20 edlule, washiya kuwo. Futhi Angikwazanga ukuthola ukuqonda phakathi kwezihlobo zika indodakazi kukaStalin Svetlana. Umlando wakhe kuhlanganisa ulwazi lokuthi ngo-1986 waba Indodakazi encane futhi bethuthele Melika. Lesi sikhathi kwakungekho nezinkinga ukuhamba. Gorbachev uqobo wayala ukuba indodakazi yakhe "umholi we abantu kuze 'kufinyelele ngokukhululekile aziphume ziphele kuleli zwe. Emuva e-United, Alliluyeva zonke sazilahla yisakhamuzi yakhe Soviet.

Phinda ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe kanye kwelanga zokuphila

Kanjani futhi lapho ayehlala khona indodakazi kukaStalin, Svetlana Alliluyeva, ngemva kokuhamba yesibili base-USSR? Emuva e-United, isalukazi bazinza edolobheni Richland (Wisconsin). Xoxa indodana yakhe uJosefa, indodakazi ka-Catherine, uye wayeka ngokuphelele. Ngokushesha, Olga waqala ihlale ngokwahlukana wakhe futhi akwazi ukuziphilisa bebodwa. Okokuqala Svetlana losifovna waqa- sha ehlukile, bese sahamba ekhaya lasebekhulile. Eminyakeni 90 wayehlala ekhaya lasebekhulile London, bese futhi waya US. Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe Alliluyeva wachitha ekhaya lasebekhulile komuzi eMelika Madison. Yena wabulawa umdlavuza Nov 22, 2011. Ngo kulahlwa sakhe esezokufa Alliluyeva ucele uwugqibe ngaphansi kwegama Lana Peters. Beka yokungcwaba wakhe akwaziwa.

Izingane Svetlana Iosifovny

engu-85 ababehlala kule emhlabeni indodakazi kaStalin. Biography yowesifazane kuyohlale kuntula uma ngingenaye ukuphathwa kanjani isiphetho nezingane zakhe ezintathu. KwaRubhen amazibulo Alliluevoy Iosif wanikezela ukuphila kwakhe imithi. Wayekwenza nezenhliziyo kanye utlole amaphepha amaningi yesayensi ku izifo inhliziyo. Mayelana unina, uJosefa G. etshela izintatheli akakuthandanga, wayengumuntu naye ubuhlobo ezimbi. Waphila iminyaka engu-63. Yena ubulawe yisifo sohlangothi ngo-2008.

Indodakazi Svetlana Iosifovny mlilo Catherine isebenza. Thanda umfowabo omdala, wayekhathazeka kakhulu ekucasulayo Alliluyeva, lapho waya West, kusale ezinye izingane. imibuzo Izintatheli 'ngomama wakhe uCatherine Y. ukungatholi ukuphendula, ethi: Angizanga ngilazi owesifazane. Ukuze ufihle kude ukunakwa ngabezindaba futhi abophiko lwezokuphepha, Alliluyeva, indodakazi eKamchatka, lapho isela lihlala khona kuze kube yilolu suku. Usephila impilo esekusithekeni.

indodakazi Omncane Olga Peters waqala Alliluyeva umntwana amthola kamuva. Wazala yesihlanu iminyaka yakhe eziyishumi. Lapho esekhulile, Olga washintsha igama lakhe ukuze Chris Evans. Namuhla, yena uhlala e-US, wasebenza njengoba umdayisi. Ngo owesifazane Russian neze ukhuluma. Njengoba umfowabo omdala nodadewethu, ubuhlobo Olga nonina hhayi kwakhiwa.

ukuphila isikhathi eside futhi elikhanyayo iphuze indodakazi kukaStalin Svetlana Alliluyeva. Biography ngezithombe okusesihlokweni esithi, kuzovumela abafundi ukufunda amaqiniso amaningi ezithakazelisayo mayelana nalo. Lona wesifazane, akesabi amahlazo, umbono weningi futhi izinkolelo. Indodakazi "Munye onguMholi Omkhulu" wayazi ukuthi uthando, ukuba ihlupheke futhi ukuqala ukuphila kabusha. Wayengakwazi kube unina okahle wezingane zakhe, kodwa akazange uhlushwa lokhu. Svetlana losifovna nongeke ukubekezelele uma lalibizwa indodakazi kukaStalin, ngakho, kanye West, ngithi goodbye kuya igama lakho elidala. Kodwa, ekubeni Lanoy Piters, wahlala lonke izwe "inkosazana waseSoviet."